{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T20:31:33Z","timestamp":1768249893053,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Objectives: Firstly, to investigate the effect that using different landmarks has on the measured stifle angle. Secondly, to determine whether any differences in measured stifle angle would lead to variations in the required extent of tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods: Three greyhound stifles were positioned in a total of 66 different angles. Radiographic exposures of each stifle angle were made. For each radiograph i) the stifle angle was measured using each of three sets of landmarks and ii) the extent of TTA required to obtain a patella tendon angle of 90\u00b0 was measured. Each radiograph was plotted graphically according to the stifle angle and the extent of TTA required. Linear regression analysis was used to calculate the TTA required for a stifle angle of 135\u00b0 measured using each of the three landmark sets.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results: On average, the stifle angle determined by the Long Axes method differed by 18\u00b0 from the stifle angle determined with the Kinematic method. The stifle angle determined using the Eminence method differed from that determined using the Kinematic method by three degrees. The use of the Long Axes of the tibia and femur as landmarks to determine a stifle angle resulted in 5 mm and 4 mm over-advancement of the tibial tuberosity compared to the use of Kinematic or Eminence landmark methods respectively.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Clinical significance: The method used to measure the stifle joint angle can influence the value of the required TTA advancement. This is an additional variable that should be considered during TTA planning and when comparing in vivo and in vitro studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3415\/vcot-10-07-0104","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,4]],"date-time":"2011-03-04T08:02:51Z","timestamp":1299225771000},"page":"205-210","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Effect of use of different landmark methods on determining stifle angle and on calculated tibial tuberosity advancement"],"prefix":"10.3415","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"K.","family":"Bowlt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Gines","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. R.","family":"Owen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Bush","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-07-0104-1","unstructured":"Piermattei D, Flo G, DeCamp C. The Stifle Joint. In: Brinker, Piermattei and Flo\u2019s Handbook of Small Animal Orthopedics and Fracture Repair. 4th Ed. London: WB Saunders; 2006. pp 582-606."},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-07-0104-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Egenvall A, Bonnett BN, Olson P, et al. Gender, Age and breed patterns of diagnoses for veterinary care in insured dogs in Sweden during 1996. Vet Rec 2000: 146: 551-557.","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.146.19.551"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-07-0104-3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-5827.1988.tb02267.x"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-07-0104-4","unstructured":"Montavon PM, Damur DM, Tepic S. Advancement of the tibial tuberosity for the treatment of cranial cruciate deficient canine stifle. Proceedings from the 1st World Orthopaedic Veterinary Congress; 2002 September 5-8; Munich, Germany. P. 152."},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-07-0104-5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3109\/17453678509154159","volume":"216","author":"Nisell","year":"1985","journal-title":"Acta Orthop Scand Suppl"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-10-07-0104-6","unstructured":"Kipfer N, Damur D, Haessig M, et al. Effect of tibial tuberosity advancement on tibiofemoral shear forces in cranial cruciate deficient stifles: In Vitro Study. In: Proceedings of the 15th Annual Scientific Meeting of the ECVS; 2006 June 29 to July 1. 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