{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T16:19:53Z","timestamp":1759335593517},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Georg Thieme Verlag KG","issue":"03","funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["DGE-1252376"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGE-1252376"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Objective: To assess the geometry of canine humeri as seen on radiographs in chondrodystrophic dogs (CD) and brachycephalic dogs (BD) compared to non-chondrodystrophic dogs (NCD).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Methods: Mediolateral (ML) and craniocaudal (CC) radiographs of skeletally mature humeri were used (CD [n = 5], BD [n = 9], NCD [n = 48]) to evaluate general dimensions (length, width, canal flare, cortical thickness), curvature (shaft, humeral head, and glenoid), and angulation (humeral head and condyle). Measurements from CD, BD, and NCD were compared.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Results: Mean humeral length was shorter in CD (108 mm) compared to BD (184 mm, p = 0.001) and NCD (183 mm, p &lt;0.001). Craniocaudal cortical thickness at 70% of humeral length and ML cortical thickness at 30%, 50%, and 70% of humeral length were less in CD compared to BD and NCD. Humeral shaft curvature was greater in CD (9.9\u00b0) compared to BD (6.7\u00b0, p = 0.023). The ratio of glenoid radius of curvature \/ humeral length was greater for CD (11.1%) compared to NCD (9.7%, p = 0.013). The ratio of humeral width \/ humeral length was greater for BD (29.4%) compared to NCD (26.2%, p = 0.043). The ratio of glenoid length \/ humeral length was greater in CD (18.0%) than BD (16.4%, p = 0.048) and NCD (15.6%, p &lt;0.001).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Clinical significance: Bone proportions and curvature in CD differ from BD and NCD. Differences are minor and unlikely to have clinical significance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3415\/vcot-15-11-0181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,12]],"date-time":"2016-04-12T13:07:46Z","timestamp":1460466466000},"page":"220-226","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Influence of chondrodystrophy and brachycephaly on geometry of the humerus in dogs"],"prefix":"10.3415","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Smith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ola","family":"Harrysson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Griffith","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Denis","family":"Marcellin-Little","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"194","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2014.12134.x"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1090","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.7.1090","volume":"53","author":"Zhu","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2000","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1993.54.12.2000","volume":"54","author":"Markel","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.1100060519"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.2014.12114.x"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-6","first-page":"66","volume":"71","author":"Mart\u00ednez","year":"2007","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.230.9.1324"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.73.7.946"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.K.00099"},{"key":"10.3415\/VCOT-15-11-0181-10","unstructured":"Weinmann JP, Sicher H. 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