{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:45:42Z","timestamp":1740185142896,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["ahj.kmu.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Addict Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Despite the legal acceptance of homosexuality in India, it remains a social taboo, resulting in various challenges being faced by homosexual males. These challenges mainly include issues such as addiction\/drug use and inconsistent and\/ or incorrect condom usage which increase the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and HIV among them. This study was thus conducted with the objective of studying the patterns of addiction\/drug use and condom usage among homosexual males. Methods: The study was conducted at outreach sites of a non-governmental organization (NGO). A total of 240 participants, consisting of homosexual and bisexual males aged 18-24 years who were residing in the metropolitan city of Mumbai for at least 1 year, were enrolled. Data about addiction\/drug use and patterns of condom usage was collected, compiled, entered into Microsoft Excel, and subsequently analyzed using SPSS. Findings: Out of the total participants, 171 (71.2%) reported engaging in addiction\/drug use, Among those participants, 105 (61.4%) engaged in alcohol consumption prior to sexual contact to enhance pleasure or delay climax. Cigarette smoking was the most common type of addiction. Statistically significant association was found between habitual addiction\/drug use (P=0.0023), use of ecstasy\/aphrodisiac drugs (P=0.00654) and, inconsistent and\/or incorrect condom use among the participants. However, planned addiction\/drug use only before sexual contact did not show a significant association (P=0.066). Conclusion: Habitual addiction\/drug use among homosexual males increases the likelihood of engaging in inconsistent and\/ or incorrect condom use, thereby elevating the risk of acquiring STIs and HIV. To mitigate this risk, interventions targeting addiction\/ drug use prevention should be initiated during adolescence to address this issue at an earlier stage of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/ahj.2024.1472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,20]],"date-time":"2024-04-20T10:18:55Z","timestamp":1713608335000},"page":"28-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Addiction\/Drug Use and Usage of Condoms Among Homosexual Males: A Cross-sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3466-8236","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Yashowardhan","family":"V. Totala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Dr. Vasantrao Pawar Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Nashik \u2013 422003, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9146-8458","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Abhiram","family":"M. Kasbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Topiwala National Medical College & B.Y.L Nair Charitable Hospital, Mumbai 400008, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","unstructured":"The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (UNAIDS). UNAIDS Terminology Guidelines, 2015. Preferred Terminology \u201cHomosexual\u201d. UNAIDS; 2015. p. 28. Available from: https:\/\/www.unaids.org\/sites\/default\/files\/media_asset\/2015_terminology_guidelinesen.pdf. Accessed January 20, 2021."},{"key":"R2","unstructured":"Park K. Park\u2019s Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine. 25th ed. Jabalpur: Banarsidas Bhanot Publishers; 2019. p. 753."},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2008.02149.x"},{"key":"R4","first-page":"542","article-title":"Tobacco product use among adults--United States, 2012-2013","volume":"63","author":"Agaku IT","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2009.02531.x"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1360-0443.2001.961115896.x"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2004.00759.x"},{"key":"R8","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Excessive Alcohol Use and Risks to Men\u2019s Health. CDC; 2013. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/alcohol\/fact-sheets\/mens-health.htm. Accessed February 23, 2022."},{"key":"R9","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. HIV and Substance Use in the United States. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/pdf\/risk_HIV_Substance.pdf. Accessed February 23, 2022."},{"key":"R10","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global Prevalence and Incidence of Selected Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections: Overviews and Estimates. Geneva: WHO; 2001. Available from: http:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/publications\/rtis\/HIV_AIDS_2001_2\/en\/. Accessed February 25, 2021."},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jihs.jihs_12_18"},{"key":"R12","unstructured":"National AIDS Control Organization. Annual Report 2012-13. Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India; 2013. p. 1. Available from: https:\/\/naco.gov.in\/sites\/default\/files\/Annual%20report%202012-13_English.pdf. Accessed March 19, 2021."},{"key":"R13","unstructured":"Ministry of Health and Family Welfare. National Health Profile (NHP) of India- 2018. New Delhi: Government of India; 2018. Available from: https:\/\/cbhidghs.gov.in\/index1.php?lang\u2005=\u20051&level\u2005=\u20052&sublinkid\u2005=\u200588&lid\u2005=\u20051138. Accessed April 25, 2021."},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Milstein B. Introduction to the Syndemics Prevention Network. 2002. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchhstp\/programintegration\/Definitions.html. 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