{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,22]],"date-time":"2025-02-22T00:14:24Z","timestamp":1740183264126,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["aimjournal.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Arch Iran Med"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Spanish flu spread from September 23, 1918 to 1920. This disease was one of the historical catastrophes in Iran, and a large number of people in Tehran were infected. Evidence also shows that 5000\u201310000 out of the 250000 infected people died in Tehran over three years. Besides, an increase was detected in the prevalence of other diseases such as pericarditis, orchitis, mastoiditis, meningitis, optic neuritis, paralysis of the palate, mania, cholera, and dysentery. Overall, five percent of the city were destroyed, and the population and economic development were severely damaged. This study aims to evaluate the importance of the history of local medicine in Tehran, the spread of Spanish flu, World War I, and presence of Russian, Ottoman, and British troops in Iran during the flu outbreak. The critical role of Britain in artificial famine, malnutrition, and drug embargo was assessed, as well. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/aim.2022.10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T09:46:37Z","timestamp":1643795197000},"page":"71-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spanish Flu in Tehran from 1918 to 1920"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1635-4578","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Seyyed Alireza","family":"Golshani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"History of Iran after Islam, Department of Persian Medicine, School of Persian Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Ardakan, Yazd, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5538-8247","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohammad Ebrahim","family":"Zohalinezhad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4092-2013","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Amoozegar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9705-2143","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mojtaba","family":"Farjam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"container-title":["Archives of Iranian Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/aimjournal.ir\/PDF\/aim-25-71.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/aimjournal.ir\/PDF\/aim-25-71.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,2]],"date-time":"2022-02-02T09:46:37Z","timestamp":1643795197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/aimjournal.ir\/Article\/aim-22672"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/aim.2022.10","relation":{},"ISSN":["1029-2977","1735-3947"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1029-2977"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1735-3947"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Academy of Medical Sciences of I.R. Iran","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2021-04-05","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-01","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}