{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T11:08:23Z","timestamp":1788260903996,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","content-domain":{"domain":["apb.tbzmed.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Adv Pharm Bull"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Enzymes are one of the main biocatalysts with various applications in the food industry. Stabilization of enzymes on insoluble carriers is important due to the low reuse, low operational stability, and high cost in applications. The immobility and the type of carrier affect the activity of the immobile enzyme. Hydrogels are three-dimensionally cross-linked macromolecular network structures designed from various polymers. Hydrogels can provide a matrix for an immobile enzyme due to their extraordinary properties such as high water absorbing capacity, carrier of bioactive substances and enzymes, biocompatibility, safety, and biodegradability. Therefore, this study mainly focuses on some enzymes (Lactase, Lipases, Amylases, Pectinase, Protease, Glucose oxidase) that are of special importance in the food industry. These enzymes could be immobilized in the hydrogels constructed of macromolecules such as kappa-carrageenan, chitosan, arabic gum, pectin, alginate, and cellulose. At last, in the preparation of these hydrogels, different enzyme immobilization methods in macromolecular hydrogels, and effect of hydrogels on enzyme activity were discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/apb.2022.043","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T09:34:00Z","timestamp":1632994440000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Recent Advances of Macromolecular Hydrogels for Enzyme Immobilization in the Food Products"],"prefix":"10.34172","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2213-0183","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Leila","family":"Yavari Maroufi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Rashidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahnaz","family":"Tabibiazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Mohammadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akram","family":"Pezeshki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2500-6930","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marjan","family":"Ghorbani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran."},{"name":"Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]]},"container-title":["Advanced Pharmaceutical Bulletin"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/apb.tbzmed.ac.ir\/Inpress\/apb-32162.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/apb.tbzmed.ac.ir\/Inpress\/apb-32162.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T09:34:01Z","timestamp":1632994441000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/apb.tbzmed.ac.ir\/Inpress\/apb-32162"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/apb.2022.043","relation":{},"ISSN":["2228-5881","2251-7308"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2228-5881","type":"print"},{"value":"2251-7308","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2021-02-26","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-02","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-07-04","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}