{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:55:13Z","timestamp":1791143713772,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["jcvtr.tbzmed.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Cardiovasc Thorac Res"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A 74-year-old male with mild non-specific anaemia underwent elective mitral and tricuspid valve surgery. Following initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), systemic cooling to 34\u2103 and cardioplegia at 4\u2103, upon cardiotomy, clumps of blood were noted in the left atrium and left ventricle. ACT was confirmed to be in range, therefore a blood sample from CPB machine was collected and when exposed to ice demonstrated clumps, while they disappeared once at normal temperature. Hence, the patient was rewarmed to 37\u2103, subsequent cardioplegia doses were delivered warm and the heart chambers were washed out. Mitral and tricuspid valve repair were carried out uneventfully and the patient made an uncomplicated recovery. Positive direct antiglobulin test confirmed CHAD, a form of autoimmune haemolytic anaemia involving IgM autoantibodies against red blood cells triggered by low temperature. The prompt intraoperative identification and subsequent modifications of surgical strategy potentially averted severe embolic and ischemic complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/jcvtr.33536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:30:46Z","timestamp":1791142246000},"page":"133-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Transient Cold Hemagglutinin Disease (CHAD) During Cardiac Surgery: An Unexpected Complication from Hypothermia"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8708-0060","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Andrea","family":"D\u2019Alessio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Ansaripour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Samail","family":"Shahjahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joshua","family":"Oliver","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charles","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivek","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departement of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2020.00590"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/asheducation-2016.1.226"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rth2.12333"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2013.03.009"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmrv.2012.12.001"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barcellini W, Broome CM, Berentsen S. Fast Facts: Cold Agglutinin Disease. Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers; 2023. p. 68. doi:10.1159\/isbn.978-3-318-07233-4.","DOI":"10.1159\/isbn.978-3-318-07233-4"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tj\u00f8nnfjord E, Vengen \u00d8 A, Berentsen S, Tj\u00f8nnfjord GE. Prophylactic use of eculizumab during surgery in chronic cold agglutinin disease. BMJ Case Rep 2017;2017. doi:10.1136\/bcr-2016-219066.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2016-219066"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ogawa T. Cold agglutinins in a patient undergoing normothermic cardiac operation with warm cardioplegia. BMJ Case Rep 2017;2017. doi:10.1136\/bcr-2017-221888.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2017-221888"}],"container-title":["Journal of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/jcvtr.tbzmed.ac.ir\/PDF\/jcvtr-18-133.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/jcvtr.tbzmed.ac.ir\/PDF\/jcvtr-18-133.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T19:30:47Z","timestamp":1791142247000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/jcvtr.tbzmed.ac.ir\/Article\/jcvtr-33536"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/jcvtr.33536","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-5117","2008-6830"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-5117","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-6830","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2025-03-24","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}