{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T12:01:30Z","timestamp":1784635290184,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["joddd.tbzmed.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: A gummy smile is an aesthetic condition that can negatively impact self-esteem and quality of life. This longitudinal study aimed to evaluate the effects of gummy smile treatments with botulinum toxin type A and\/or hyaluronic acid on lip pressure and the perceived quality of life in adult individuals. Methods: Thirty adult individuals aged 18\u201265 years, with&gt;2 mm of gingival exposure when smiling, participated in the study. They were randomly assigned to three groups: botulinum toxin (n=10), hyaluronic acid (n=10), and a combination of both (n=10). Lip pressure was measured using the Biofeedback Pr\u00f3-Fono device at baseline and 15, 30, 90, and 180 days after the procedures. Quality of life was assessed using the Glasgow Benefit Inventory, which was applied 15 days after treatment. Statistical analyses included repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni correction and t-tests (P \u00b1 0.05). Results: All the groups showed variations in lip pressure over time, with a gradual increase up to 180 days and statistically significant differences. Intergroup comparisons across time intervals were not assessed. All three groups showed improvements in the quality of life, with the combined treatment standing out. Conclusion: Aesthetic treatments for gummy smile resulted in significant changes in lip pressure over time and were associated with improvements in the quality of life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/joddd.44115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:08:37Z","timestamp":1784632117000},"page":"43-49","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Analysis of Lip Pressure and Quality of Life Following Gummy Smile Treatment"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"20","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-1377-1187","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paula Amaral Salgado","family":"Poliseli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3445-8154","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Marcelo","family":"Palinkas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8488-2589","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Nicole Barbosa","family":"Bettiol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8676-3516","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Bianka Jurca Gon\u00e7alves","family":"da Motta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9986-7971","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Paula Napolitano","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8323-355X","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Pedro Bastos","family":"Cruvinel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9756-3771","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Selma","family":"Si\u00e9ssere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4110-8299","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Simone Cecilio Hallak","family":"Regalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic and Oral Biology, Ribeir\u00e3o Preto School of Dentistry, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil"},{"name":"National Institute of Science and Technology Translational Medicine (INCT-TM), Porto Alegre, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36740\/WLek\/207371"},{"key":"R2","first-page":"202","article-title":"Smile makeover and the oral facial harmony concept in a new era: relationship between tooth shape and face configuration","volume":"16","author":"Romeo G","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Esthet Dent"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/idoj.IDOJ_365_18"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1043\/0003-3219(1992)???"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0044-1801265"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13226843"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-025-04680-8"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins16100431"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/joddd.2021.021"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/dj12100329"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/gox.0000000000001789"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3290\/j.qi.a43046"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0045-1809151"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-025-04753-8"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/2317-1782\/e20240124pt"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00034894251356728"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25259\/jcas_111_2024"},{"key":"R18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-018-1116-z"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjy174"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/a-2338-0581"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2019.07.014"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2018.vol32.0030"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04223-w"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7181\/acfs.2023.00451"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/tohm.957"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/dss.0000000000004345"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2022.04.009"},{"key":"R28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjps.2022.08.063"},{"key":"R29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.80662"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-025-01396-6"}],"container-title":["Journal of Dental Research, Dental Clinics, Dental Prospects"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/joddd.tbzmed.ac.ir\/PDF\/joddd-20-43.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/joddd.tbzmed.ac.ir\/PDF\/joddd-20-43.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:08:39Z","timestamp":1784632119000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/joddd.tbzmed.ac.ir\/Article\/joddd-44115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/joddd.44115","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-210X","2008-2118"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-210X","type":"print"},{"value":"2008-2118","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2025-09-09","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-02-07","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}