{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T22:39:48Z","timestamp":1784673588272,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["journals.umsha.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Res Health Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Some patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been reported to have developed mild to severe kidney injuries. The current systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out to estimate the prevalence and incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) among COVID-19 patients. Study design: A systematic review and meta-analysis Methods: PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and MedRxiv databases were searched from December 1, 2019, up to July 27, 2020. Two independent co-authors completed the screening process, data extraction, and quality assessment of the retrieved records. Random-effects meta-analyses were used to determine the pooled prevalence and 95% confidence interval (CI) of AKI among COVID-19 patients. Results: Out of 2,332 unique identified records, 51 studies were included in the review. Overall, the studies were carried out on 25,600 patients. A total of 6,505 patients (in 18 cross-sectional studies) were included to estimate the pooled prevalence of AKI, and 18,934 patients (in 27 cohort studies) were included to determine the pooled incidence of AKI. The pooled prevalence of AKI was estimated as 10.08% (95% CI: 4.59, 17.32; I 2=98.56%; P&lt;0.001). Furthermore, the pooled incidence of AKI was 12.78% (95% CI: 7.38, 19.36; I 2=99.27%; P&lt;0.001). The mean (95% CI) values of serum creatinine (SCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), potassium, and sodium were 76.10 (69.36, 82.84), 4.60 (4.04, 5.30), 3.94 (3.78, 4.11), and 139.30 (138.26, 140.36) mmol\/L, respectively. Conclusions: The AKI is a considerable complication among COVID-19 patients and should be screened for on clinical examinations. The BUN, SCr, potassium, and sodium levels were within the normal ranges.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/jrhs.2021.39","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T10:39:18Z","timestamp":1635244758000},"page":"e00503-e00503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Kidney Complications of COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Naser","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoboo","family":"Rahmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbas","family":"Etminan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Afzalipour Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamid","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Bazrafshan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Karamouzian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV\/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"},{"name":"School of Population and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Sharifi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Shafa Hospital, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.3072","article-title":"COVID-19-New Insights on a Rapidly Changing Epidemic","volume":"323","author":"Del Rio C","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e130","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268820001430","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"148","author":"Khalili M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Epidemiol Infect"},{"key":"R3","unstructured":"COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. Worldmeter- real time world statistics; 2020 [cited 20 oct 2020]; Available from: https:\/\/www.worldometers.info\/."},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa243","article-title":"Clinical Features and Short-term Outcomes of 102 Patients with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Wuhan, China","volume":"71","author":"Cao J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1708","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China","volume":"382","author":"Guan WJ","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140396","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.140396","article-title":"Association of particulate matter pollution and case fatality rate of COVID-19 in 49 Chinese cities","volume":"741","author":"Yao Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Total Environ"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/2020.02.12.20022418"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1114","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06026-1","article-title":"Identification of a potential mechanism of acute kidney injury during the COVID-19 outbreak: a study based on single-cell transcriptome analysis","volume":"46","author":"Pan XW","year":"2020","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1007\/s11684-020-0754-0","article-title":"Single-cell RNA-seq data analysis on the receptor ACE2 expression reveals the potential risk of different human organs vulnerable to 2019-nCoV infection","volume":"14","author":"Zou X","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Med"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-03065-4","article-title":"Prevalence and impact of acute renal impairment on COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"24","author":"Yang X","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1136\/jim-2020-001407","article-title":"Incidence of acute kidney injury and its association with mortality in patients with COVID-19: a meta-analysis","volume":"68","author":"Hansrivijit P","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Investig Med"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6775","article-title":"Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area","volume":"323","author":"Richardson S","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher D","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R14","unstructured":"The Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal tools for use in JBI systematic reviews. Joanna Briggs Institute; 2020 [cited 31 Oct 2020]; Available from: https:\/\/joannabriggs.org\/critical-appraisal-tools."},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10070","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.103298","article-title":"Comparison of clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 at different ages","volume":"12","author":"Zhao M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.03.040","article-title":"Epidemiological, clinical characteristics of cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection with abnormal imaging findings","volume":"94","author":"Zhang X","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104364","article-title":"Clinical features and short-term outcomes of 221 patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China","volume":"127","author":"Zhang G","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R18","first-page":"1","article-title":"Patients with COVID-19 in 19 ICUs in Wuhan, China: a cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Yu Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1016\/S2213-2600(20)30079-5","article-title":"Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a single-centered, retrospective, observational study","volume":"8","author":"Yang X","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Respir Med"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"609","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpt.13170","article-title":"Analysis of the clinical characteristics, drug treatments and prognoses of 136 patients with coronavirus disease 2019","volume":"45","author":"Yang Q","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Pharm Ther"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104475","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104475","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical features of 200 hospitalized patients with corona virus disease 2019 outside Wuhan, China: A descriptive study","volume":"129","author":"Yang L","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"R22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1159\/000507471","article-title":"Coronavirus Disease 19 Infection Does Not Result in Acute Kidney Injury: An Analysis of 116 Hospitalized Patients from Wuhan, China","volume":"51","author":"Wang L","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Nephrol"},{"key":"R23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1811","DOI":"10.21037\/jtd-20-1914","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of COVID-19 infection in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a multicenter, retrospective, observational study","volume":"12","author":"Wu F","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thorac Dis"},{"key":"R24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2012270","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.12270","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics and Morbidity Associated With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in a Series of Patients in Metropolitan Detroit","volume":"3","author":"Suleyman G","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"key":"R25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"737","DOI":"10.1007\/s40620-020-00790-5","article-title":"Impact of renal function on admission in COVID-19 patients: an analysis of the international HOPE COVID-19 (Health Outcome Predictive Evaluation for COVID 19) Registry","volume":"33","author":"Uribarri A","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"R26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-020-02895-6","article-title":"Clinical course and outcome of 107 patients infected with the novel coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, discharged from two hospitals in Wuhan, China","volume":"24","author":"Wang D","year":"2020","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"R27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6775","article-title":"Presenting Characteristics, Comorbidities, and Outcomes Among 5700 Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 in the New York City Area","volume":"323","author":"Richardson S","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R28","first-page":"537","article-title":"Clinical features of 62 cases of coronavirus disease 2019 complicated with acute renal injury","volume":"41","author":"Xu S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Wuhan University"},{"key":"R29","first-page":"542","article-title":"Clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis in 89 cases of COVID-19","volume":"41","author":"Xiong J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Wuhan University"},{"key":"R30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1159\/000509182","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Community- and Hospital-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury with COVID-19 in a US Inner City Hospital System","volume":"10","author":"Pelayo J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Cardiorenal Med"},{"key":"R31","first-page":"1","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 19 in minority populations of Newark, New Jersey","volume":"19","author":"Okoh AK","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"R32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e257","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2020.35.e257","article-title":"Acute Kidney Injury and Kidney Damage in COVID-19 Patients","volume":"35","author":"Na KR","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"R33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.05.068","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of critically ill patients co-infected with SARS-CoV-2 and the influenza virus in Wuhan, China","volume":"96","author":"Ma S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.B2000112","article-title":"Comparison of epidemiological and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with and without Wuhan exposure history in Zhejiang Province, China","volume":"21","author":"Lian JS","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Sci B"},{"key":"R35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.21037\/atm-20-3422","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 16 patients with COVID-19 infection outside of Wuhan, China: a retrospective, single-center study","volume":"8","author":"Hu W","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Transl Med"},{"key":"R36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1093\/ckj\/sfaa083","article-title":"Kidney manifestations of mild, moderate and severe coronavirus disease 2019: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Hong D","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Kidney J"},{"key":"R37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.05.006","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with\u00a0COVID-19","volume":"98","author":"Hirsch JS","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R38","first-page":"e203596","article-title":"Factors Associated With Death in Critically Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019 in the US","volume":"15","author":"Gupta S","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Intern Med"},{"key":"R39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2020.07.039","article-title":"Clinical Manifestations and Outcomes of Critically Ill Children and Adolescents with Coronavirus Disease 2019 in New York City","volume":"226","author":"Derespina KR","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"R40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1261","DOI":"10.1097\/CM9.0000000000000824","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of fatal and recovered cases of coronavirus disease 2019 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective study","volume":"133","author":"Deng Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Med J (Engl)"},{"key":"R41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.03.005","article-title":"Kidney disease is associated with in-hospital death of patients with COVID-19","volume":"97","author":"Cheng Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1091","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1091","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 113 deceased patients with coronavirus disease 2019: retrospective study","volume":"368","author":"Chen T","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-39131\/v1"},{"key":"R44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"m1996","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m1996","article-title":"Characterization and clinical course of 1000 patients with coronavirus disease 2019 in New York: retrospective case series","volume":"369","author":"Argenziano MG","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2419","DOI":"10.1002\/ppul.24921","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of acute respiratory syndrome with SARS-CoV-2 infection in children in South China","volume":"55","author":"Zheng G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pediatr Pulmonol"},{"key":"R46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1585","article-title":"Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China","volume":"323","author":"Wang D","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30566-3","article-title":"Clinical course and risk factors for mortality of adult inpatients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective cohort study","volume":"395","author":"Zhou F","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5","article-title":"Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China","volume":"395","author":"Huang C","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.0950","article-title":"Association of Cardiac Injury With Mortality in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 in Wuhan, China","volume":"5","author":"Shi S","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"R50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.03.019","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 in elderly patients: Characteristics and prognostic factors based on 4-week follow-up","volume":"80","author":"Wang L","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1733","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061733","article-title":"A Cohort of Patients with COVID-19 in a Major Teaching Hospital in Europe","volume":"9","author":"Borobia AM","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2020.04.006","article-title":"Risk factors for severity and mortality in adult COVID-19 inpatients in Wuhan","volume":"146","author":"Li X","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Allergy Clin Immunol"},{"key":"R53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21203\/rs.3.rs-18699\/v1"},{"key":"R54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1157","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2020030276","article-title":"Renal Involvement and Early Prognosis in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia","volume":"31","author":"Pei G","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"R55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1718","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9061718","article-title":"Fatal Outcomes of COVID-19 in Patients with Severe Acute Kidney Injury","volume":"9","author":"Lim JH","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25783","article-title":"Clinical features and treatment of COVID-19 patients in northeast Chongqing","volume":"92","author":"Wan S","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"R57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0237960","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0237960","article-title":"Prognostic factors in Spanish COVID-19 patients: A case series from Barcelona","volume":"15","author":"Sis\u00f3-Almirall A","year":"2020","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"R58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.3559601"},{"key":"R59","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of patients with 2019 coronavirus disease in a non-Wuhan area of Hubei Province, China: a retrospective study","volume":"20","author":"Zhao XY","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-020-02084-w","article-title":"Venous thrombosis and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities in a very severe patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease: a case report","volume":"50","author":"Zhou B","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"R61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2147","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc2002418","article-title":"Case 17-2020: A 68-Year-Old Man with Covid-19 and Acute Kidney Injury","volume":"382","author":"Sise ME","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R62","first-page":"731","article-title":"[Renal Monomorphology in COVID-19 with Acute Renal Insufficiency]","volume":"109","author":"Tuma J","year":"2020","journal-title":"Praxis"},{"key":"R63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1529","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm9051529","article-title":"A Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Protocol for Patients with Acute Kidney Injury in Intensive Care Unit with COVID-19","volume":"9","author":"Nalesso F","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"key":"R64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"647","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2020.05.009","article-title":"Acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A meta-analysis","volume":"81","author":"Ng JJ","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ekir.2020.06.013","article-title":"Outcomes for Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Kidney Injury: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"5","author":"Robbins-Juarez SY","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int Rep"},{"key":"R66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1807","DOI":"10.3346\/jkms.2015.30.12.1807","article-title":"Renal Complications and Their Prognosis in Korean Patients with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus from the Central MERS-CoV Designated Hospital","volume":"30","author":"Cha RH","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Korean Med Sci"},{"key":"R67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.67130.x","article-title":"Acute renal impairment in coronavirus-associated severe acute respiratory syndrome","volume":"67","author":"Chu KH","year":"2005","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"R68","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000509274"},{"key":"R69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"533","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ccx.0000183666.54717.3d","article-title":"Risk factors for acute renal failure: inherent and modifiable risks","volume":"11","author":"Leblanc M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr Opin Crit Care"},{"key":"R70","first-page":"1","article-title":"Early prediction of acquiring acute kidney injury for older inpatients using most effective laboratory test results","volume":"20","author":"Chen YS","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Med Inform Decis Mak"},{"key":"R71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100753","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2020.100753","article-title":"Baseline electrolyte abnormalities would be related to poor prognosis in hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients","volume":"37","author":"Tezcan ME","year":"2020","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect"},{"key":"R72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2616","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26082","article-title":"Correlation between the variables collected at admission and progression to severe cases during hospitalization among patients with COVID-19 in Chongqing","volume":"92","author":"Duan J","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"R73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1177\/0004563220922255","article-title":"Electrolyte imbalances in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"57","author":"Lippi G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann Clin Biochem"},{"key":"R74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e01295","DOI":"10.1213\/XAA.0000000000001295","article-title":"Hypernatremia-A manifestation of COVID-19: a case series","volume":"14","author":"Zimmer MA","year":"2020","journal-title":"A A Pract"}],"container-title":["Journal of Research in Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/jrhs.umsha.ac.ir\/index.php\/JRHS\/article\/view\/6210\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/jrhs.umsha.ac.ir\/index.php\/JRHS\/article\/view\/6210\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T10:40:14Z","timestamp":1635244814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/jrhs.umsha.ac.ir\/index.php\/JRHS\/article\/view\/6210"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"references-count":74,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/jrhs.2021.39","relation":{},"ISSN":["2228-7795","2228-7809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2228-7795","type":"print"},{"value":"2228-7809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Hamadan University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Hamadan University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2020-10-21","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-12-20","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}