{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,23]],"date-time":"2025-07-23T12:09:46Z","timestamp":1753272586229},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["journals.umsha.ac.ir"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Res Health Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of death among women worldwide and the second leading cause of death among Iranian women. The incidence of this malignancy in Iran is 22 per 100,000 women. These patients have long-term survival time with advances in medical sciences. The present study aimed to identify the risk factors of breast cancer using Cox proportional hazard and Cox mixture cure models. Study design: It is a retrospective cohort study. Methods: In this cohort study, we recorded the survival time of 140 breast cancer patients referred to Ali Ibn Abitaleb Hospital in Rafsanjan, Iran, from 2001 to 2015. The Kaplan-Meier curve was plotted; moreover, two Cox proportional hazards and the Cox mixture cure models were fitted for the patients. Data analysis was performed using SAS 9.4 M5 software. Results: The mean age of patients was reported as 47.12 \u00b112.48 years at the commencement of the study. Moreover, 83.57% of patients were censored. The stage of disease was a significant variable in Cox and the survival portion of Cox mixture cure models (P=0.001). The consumption of herbal tea, tumor size, duration of the last lactation, family history of cancer, and the type of treatment were significant variables in the cured proportion of the Cox mixture cure model (P=0.001). Conclusion: The Cox mixture cure model is a flexible model which is able to distinguish between the long-term and short-term survival of breast cancer patients. For breast cancer patients, cure effective factors were the stage of the disease, consumption of herbal tea, tumor size, duration of the last lactation, family history, and the type of treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/jrhs.2021.51","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T10:42:40Z","timestamp":1635244960000},"page":"e00516-e00516","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Determining the Factors Affecting Long-Term and Short-Term Survival of Breast Cancer Patients in Rafsanjan Using a Mixture Cure Model"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Sardar","family":"Jahani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Hoseini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashed","family":"Pourhamidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahshid","family":"Askari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azam","family":"Moslemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","first-page":"577","article-title":"Cancer registry in Iran: a brief overview","volume":"11","author":"Etemadi A","year":"2008","journal-title":"Arch Iran Med"},{"key":"R2","first-page":"729","article-title":"Breast cancer survival rate according to data of cancer registry and death registry systems in Bushehr province, 2001-2013","volume":"18","author":"Rampisheh Z","year":"2015","journal-title":"Iran South Med J"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.26719\/emhj.18.018","article-title":"Perceptions of Iranian women regarding breast cancer screening behaviour","volume":"24","author":"Noori S","year":"2018","journal-title":"East Mediterr Health J"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctrv.2017.10.014","article-title":"Triple negative breast cancer in Asia: An insider\u2019s view","volume":"62","author":"Wang C","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Treat Rev"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Othus M, Mitchell A, Barlogie B, Morgan G. Crowley J. Cure-rate survival models and their application to cancer clinical trials, in Frontiers of biostatistical methods and applications in clinical oncology. Matsui S, Crowley J (editors). Front Biostatistic Method Application Clin Oncol. Springer. 2017. pp. 165-78.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-0126-0_11"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klein J.P, Houwelingen H.C.V, Ibrahim J.G, Scheike T.H. Handbook of survival analysis. CRC Press; 2016.","DOI":"10.1201\/b16248"},{"key":"R7","unstructured":"Robinson M. Mixture cure models: simulation comparisons of methods in R and SAS [Master's thesis]. Columbia: University of South Carolina; 2014."},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canep.2018.01.013","article-title":"A new approach to estimate time-to-cure from cancer registries data","volume":"53","author":"Boussari O","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol,"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.6339\/JDS.201401_12(1).0007","article-title":"A New Class of Survival Regression Models with Cure Fraction","volume":"12","author":"Ortega E M","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Data Sci"},{"key":"R10","first-page":"236","article-title":"Analyzing the Survival of Breast Cancer Patients Using Weibull and Poisson Beta-Weibull Non-Mixture Cure Models","volume":"42","author":"Ghasemi F","year":"2018","journal-title":"Research in Medicine"},{"key":"R11","first-page":"63","article-title":"Estimation of survival in women diagnosed with breast cancer with cure survival in West-Azerbaijan and East-Azerbaijan provinces","volume":"16","author":"Mohammadpour M","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354579","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/354579","article-title":"Use of Cox's Cure Model to Establish Clinical Determinants of Long-Term Disease-Free Survival in Neoadjuvant-Chemotherapy-Treated Breast Cancer Patients without Pathologic Complete Response","volume":"2013","author":"Asano J","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Breast Cancer"},{"key":"R13","first-page":"369","article-title":"Comparison of Weibull and Lognormal Cure Models with Cox in the Survival Analysis Of Breast Cancer Patients in Rafsanjan","volume":"17","author":"Hoseini M","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Res Health Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Research in Health Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/jrhs.umsha.ac.ir\/index.php\/JRHS\/article\/view\/6298\/pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/jrhs.umsha.ac.ir\/index.php\/JRHS\/article\/view\/6298\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T10:42:52Z","timestamp":1635244972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/jrhs.umsha.ac.ir\/index.php\/JRHS\/article\/view\/6298"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/jrhs.2021.51","relation":{},"ISSN":["2228-7795","2228-7809"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2228-7795","type":"print"},{"value":"2228-7809","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,26]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Hamadan University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Hamadan University of Medical Sciences","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2020-11-15","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-15","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-05-26","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}