{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T22:30:12Z","timestamp":1740177012066,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["mejdd.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Middle East J Dig Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is an emergency medical situation that is very common, although often benign but can cause considerable morbidity and mortality and health care costs. The aim of this study was to analyze the endoscopic evaluation of upper GIB (UGIB) and lower GIB (LGIB) in Sistan and Balouchestan, southeast Iran. Methods: Data from patients with GIB in a referral university-affiliated hospital in Zahedan, Southeastern Iran during a 10-year period, were obtained. A total of 21884 reports of adult patients\u2019 endoscopy and colonoscopy from 2011 to 2020 who were admitted to Ali-Ibn-Abitaleb hospital were studied of which 5862 reports were related to GIB. Incomplete files were excluded. Information on age, sex, and endoscopic diagnosis of the 5053 reports was analyzed and compared using chi-square statistical test. Results: There were 3310 men (65.6%) and 1743 women (34.4%) with a mean (\u00b1SD) of age 48.4 (\u00b119.83) years. 3079 patients had UGIB (60.8%) and 1974 patients had LGIB (39.2%). Peptic ulcer (72.8% duodenal ulcer and 27.2% gastric ulcer) was seen as the main reason for UGIB (29.7%) and hemorrhoids were the main reason for LGIB (44.2%). Mallory\u2013Weiss syndrome was significantly common in the age&lt;40 years old, and the incidence rate of malignancy was significantly higher in those aged&gt;40 years old than in the younger age group (P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Peptic ulcer was the most common etiological factor and it was more common in men than in women. Gastroesophageal varices were the second most common cause of UGIB. Hemorrhoids and anal fissures were observed as the most common colonoscopic findings of LGIB. The prevalences of UGIB and LGIB are more common in men than women and increase with age. It is important for physicians to constantly update their information about the spectrum of diseases in their region and their changing over time to provide accurate diagnosis and management timely. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/mejdd.2023.329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T09:30:50Z","timestamp":1686648650000},"page":"116-120","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Upper and Lower Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Retrospective Study on 10 Years Experiences in Southeastern Iran"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6658-5820","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Alireza","family":"Bakhshipour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor, Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Resistant Tuberculosis Institute, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2796-5868","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Raheleh","family":"Rafaiee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Neuroscience, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ajg.2009.164"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.JAA.0000453234.32378.cb"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.disamonth.2018.02.002"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2012.02.033"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gie.2013.10.039"},{"key":"R6","unstructured":"Cotterell EM. 7.2 Gastrointestinal bleeding. In: Textbook of Paediatric Emergency Medicine. \u200e Churchill Livingstone; 2006. p. 171."},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barkun A, Leontiadis G. Systematic review of the symptom burden, quality of life impairment and costs associated with peptic ulcer disease. Am J Med 2010;123(4):358-66.e2. doi: 10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.09.031.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2009.09.031"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2018.1523490"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jmh.JMH_86_17"},{"key":"R10","first-page":"193","article-title":"Etiology and outcome of acute gastrointestinal bleeding in Iran: a review article","volume":"4","author":"Masoodi M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Middle East J Dig Dis"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13617"},{"key":"R12","first-page":"260","article-title":"Endoscopic findings in upper gastrointestinal bleeding patients at Tehran\u2019s Taleghani hospital, Iran","volume":"21","author":"Sharifian A","year":"2016","journal-title":"Govaresh"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.14377"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5009\/gnl20079"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hel.12514"},{"key":"R16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0966-6"},{"key":"R17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_531_17"},{"key":"R18","unstructured":"Askarpour SH, Mashhadizadeh E, Sarmast SM. A five year evaluation of patients with lower gastrointestinal bleeding in surgery ward of Jundishapour university hospitals. Jundishapur Sci Med J 2006;5(1):420-5. [Persian]."},{"key":"R19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/amhs.amhs_33_17"},{"key":"R20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e32835948e3"},{"key":"R21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-013-0333-5"}],"container-title":["Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/mejdd.org\/index.php\/mejdd\/article\/view\/2612\/2309","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/mejdd.org\/index.php\/mejdd\/article\/view\/2612\/2309","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T09:30:54Z","timestamp":1686648654000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/mejdd.org\/index.php\/mejdd\/article\/view\/2612"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/mejdd.2023.329","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-5249"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2008-5249"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Iranian Association of Gastroerterology and Hepatology","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Iranian Association of Gastroerterology and Hepatology","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2022-09-28","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-18","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}