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Among participants, 85.6% (n=636) were included in the functional dyspepsia group, and the rest were included in the organic dyspepsia group. In the organic dyspepsia group, the highest frequency was related to peptic ulcer disease, with 7.2% (n=53). Moreover, the most common complaint was epigastric pain and heartburn. No significant association was found between comorbidities (P=0.083), smoking, and sex (P=0.532) with the risk of organic dyspepsia. Conclusion: Dyspepsia is not necessarily accompanied by other comorbidities. The most mentioned chief complaint was epigastric pain or heartburn. Functional dyspepsia was the most common diagnosis in patients with dyspepsia, and the peptic ulcer was the leading cause of organic dyspepsia. There was no difference in the underlying cause of dyspepsia in the sexes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/mejdd.2025.402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,18]],"date-time":"2025-03-18T07:45:13Z","timestamp":1742283913000},"page":"5-11","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Endoscopic Findings in Patients Presenting Dyspepsia: A Population-Based Study in Mashhad, North East of Iran"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Mina","family":"AkbariRad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdollah","family":"Firoozi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"AmirAli","family":"Moodi Ghalibaf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Mehrad-Majd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Development Centre, Ghaem Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bahram","family":"Kangi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Beheshti Namdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230x-14-19"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(92)70021-3"},{"key":"R3","first-page":"e449","article-title":"US prevalence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms: a systematic literature review","volume":"17","author":"Sobieraj DM","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Manag Care"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18773\/austprescr.2017.066"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-307843"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nasseri-Moghaddam S, Mousavian AH, Kasaeian A, Kanno T, Yuan Y, Ford AC, et al. 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