{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T19:29:54Z","timestamp":1765654194793,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Maad Rayan Publishing Company","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["mejdd.org"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Middle East J Dig Dis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Recurrent perirectal abscesses in children under 2 years pose management challenges due to high relapse risks, with limited evidence comparing long-term outcomes of antibiotic therapy versus surgical drainage. This study aimed to compare antibiotic treatment approaches and surgical interventions in managing this condition. Methods: This retrospective cohort study analyzed 336 medical records of children under two years old with perianal abscesses treated at Hazrat Masoumeh Children\u2019s Hospital from 2012-2019. Patients were divided into three groups: antibiotic treatment only, spontaneous drainage, and incision and drainage. Data, including demographics, abscess characteristics, and treatment outcomes (recurrence, fistula formation), were analyzed using SPSS software version 26. Results: A retrospective cohort study of 336 children with perianal abscesses found no significant differences in age, weight, sex, or nutritional status among the three treatment groups (P&gt;0.05). However, statistically significant differences were observed in abscess location (distance from the anus) and size, with the incision and drainage group having larger and more distally located abscesses (P&lt;0.05). Colic was less prevalent in the antibiotic-only group. The spontaneous drainage group had a significantly higher recurrence rate (37%). Antibiotic type distribution was similar across groups. The antibiotic-only group showed symptom resolution within 3-10 days, averaging 6 days. Conclusion: In general, according to the lowest rate of recurrence in the group receiving antibiotics and the average duration of short treatment of 6 days, the antibiotic approach is the preferred and primary method for the treatment and prevention of abscess recurrence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.34172\/mejdd.2025.417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T19:26:07Z","timestamp":1765653967000},"page":"123-127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Approaches of Antibiotic Therapy and Surgical Intervention in Managing Recurrent Perirectal Abscess in Children Under Two Years Old"],"prefix":"10.34172","volume":"17","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9443-5109","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Amrollah","family":"Salimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7731-3966","authenticated-orcid":true,"given":"Mohadeseh","family":"Najafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Kachoie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Vahedian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, Spiritual Health Research Center, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Enayatollah","family":"Noori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"20123","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpedsurg.2012.06.032"},{"key":"R2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bjs.10154"},{"key":"R3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-020-03818-1"},{"key":"R4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14744\/ejmi.2020.38824"},{"key":"R5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9712854"},{"key":"R6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0037-1603092"},{"key":"R7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0029-1241878"},{"key":"R8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.2009.01644.x"},{"key":"R9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2017.07.001"},{"key":"R10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/dcr.0000000000003334"},{"key":"R11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/sur.2021.351"},{"key":"R12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2022.09.005"},{"key":"R13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3345\/cep.2019.00969"},{"key":"R14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0003134820954829"},{"key":"R15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00383-011-2956-7"}],"container-title":["Middle East Journal of Digestive Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/mejdd.org\/index.php\/mejdd\/article\/view\/3203\/2399","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/mejdd.org\/index.php\/mejdd\/article\/view\/3203\/2399","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,13]],"date-time":"2025-12-13T19:26:07Z","timestamp":1765653967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/mejdd.org\/index.php\/mejdd\/article\/view\/3203"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.34172\/mejdd.2025.417","relation":{},"ISSN":["2008-5249"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2008-5249","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Iranian Association of Gastroerterology and Hepatology","name":"journal_owner","label":"Journal Owner"},{"value":"Iranian Association of Gastroerterology and Hepatology","name":"journal_publisher","label":"Journal Publisher"},{"value":"2024-12-17","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-30","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}