{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:46:37Z","timestamp":1792806397508,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians","issue":"1;1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pain Phys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The high prevalence of chronic persistent neck pain not only leads to disability\nbut also has a significant economic, societal, and health impact. Among multiple modalities\nof treatments prescribed in the management of neck and upper extremity pain, surgical,\ninterventional and conservative modalities have been described. Cervical epidural injections are\nalso common modalities of treatments provided in managing neck and upper extremity pain.\nThey are administered by either an interlaminar approach or transforaminal approach.\nObjectives: To determine the long-term efficacy of cervical interlaminar and transforaminal\nepidural injections in the treatment of cervical disc herniation, spinal stenosis, discogenic pain\nwithout facet joint pain, and post surgery syndrome.\nMethods: The literature search was performed from 1966 to October 2014 utilizing data\nfrom PubMed, Cochrane Library, US National Guideline Clearinghouse, previous systematic\nreviews, and cross-references.\nThe evidence was assessed based on best evidence synthesis with Level I to Level V.\nResults: There were 7 manuscripts meeting inclusion criteria. Of these, 4 assessed the role\nof interlaminar epidural injections for managing disc herniation or radiculitis, and 3 assessed\nthese injections for managing central spinal stenosis, discogenic pain without facet joint pain,\nand post surgery syndrome. There were 4 high quality manuscripts. A qualitative synthesis of\nevidence showed there is Level II evidence for each etiology category. The evidence is based\non one relevant, high quality trial supporting the efficacy of cervical interlaminar epidural\ninjections for each particular etiology.\nThere were no randomized trials available assessing the efficacy of cervical transforaminal\nepidural injections.\nLimitations: Paucity of available literature, specifically conditions other than disc herniation.\nConclusion: This systematic review with qualitative best evidence synthesis shows Level II\nevidence for the efficacy of cervical interlaminar epidural injections with local anesthetic with\nor without steroids, based on at least one high-quality relevant randomized control trial in each\ncategory for disc herniation, discogenic pain without facet joint pain, central spinal stenosis,\nand post surgery syndrome.\nKey words: Chronic neck pain, cervical disc herniation, cervical spinal stenosis, cervical post\nsurgery syndrome, cervical discogenic pain, cervical epidural injections, interlaminar epidural\ninjections, transforaminal epidural injections, steroids, local anesthetic<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.36076\/ppj\/2015.18.39","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T16:35:09Z","timestamp":1614011709000},"page":"39-60","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Do Cervical Epidural Injections Provide LongTerm Relief in Neck and Upper Extremity Pain?\nA Systematic Review"],"prefix":"10.36076","volume":"18;1","author":[{"suffix":"M.D.","given":"Laxmaiah","family":"Manchikanti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pain Management Center of Paducah, Paducah, KY, and University of Louisville, Louisville, KY"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"21814","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,15]]},"container-title":["Pain Physician"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,22]],"date-time":"2021-02-22T16:35:10Z","timestamp":1614011710000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/painphysicianjournal.com\/current\/pdf?article=MjIzNw%3D%3D&journal=86"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]]},"references-count":0,"issue-title":["January 2015"],"journal-issue":{"issue":"1;1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,5]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,4]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36076\/ppj\/2015.18.39","archive":["Internet Archive","Internet Archive"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2150-1149","1533-3159"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2150-1149","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1533-3159","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,14]]}}}