{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T22:32:14Z","timestamp":1773095534064,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Firenze University Press","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]],"date-time":"2024-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1714435200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Phytopathol. Mediterr."],"abstract":"<jats:p>Meloidogyne\u00a0chitwoodi,\u00a0M. enterolobii,\u00a0and\u00a0M. luci\u00a0are present in some EU countries, with restricted distributions, and plant resistance can be used to manage these nematodes. Two pot experiments were conducted under controlled conditions for 56 d to assess the host suitability of two potential rootstocks,\u00a0Cucumis metuliferus BGV11135 and Citrullus amarus BGV5167, to\u00a0one isolate of each nematode. The susceptible cucumber (Cucumis sativus) \u2018Dasher II\u2019, watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) \u2018Sugar Baby\u2019 and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) \u2018Cora\u00e7\u00e3o-de-Boi\u2019 were included for comparisons. A histopathological study using confocal-laser microscopy was also conducted 15 d after nematode inoculations. In the pot test, the rootstocks showed lower numbers of galls, egg masses, and eggs per plant than their susceptible ones. Reproduction indices of the rootstocks varied from immune to moderately resistant, depending on the isolate-rootstock combination. In the\u00a0histopathological\u00a0study, M. enterolobii and M. luci induced similar numbers of\u00a0giant cells (GC) per feeding site in all germplasms.\u00a0However, GC volumes and numbers of nuclei in rootstocks were lower than in the susceptible germplasms. GCs induced by\u00a0M. chitwoodi\u00a0were only detected in susceptible cucumber. These results emphasize the potential of C. metuliferus and C. amarus as effective, eco-friendly strategies for managing root-knot nematodes, and show the complex these host-pathogen interactions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.36253\/phyto-15108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T05:25:51Z","timestamp":1715577951000},"page":"79-90","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reactions of Citrullus amarus and Cucumis metuliferus to Meloidogyne chitwoodi, Meloidogyne enterolobii and Meloidogyne luci"],"prefix":"10.36253","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5190-3478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aida Magdalena","family":"FULLANA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1616-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"MALEITA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4948-7473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Duarte","family":"SANTOS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8761-2151","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"ABRANTES","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7465-7353","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco Javier","family":"SORRIBAS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3598-4818","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ariadna","family":"GINE\u0301","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"21822","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"9802","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aydinli G., Kurtar E.S., Mennan S., 2019. Screening of Cucurbita maxima and Cucurbita moschata genotypes for resistance against Meloidogyne arenaria, M. incognita, M. javanica, and M. luci. Journal of Nematology 51: 2019\u20132057. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21307\/jofnem-2019-057","DOI":"10.21307\/jofnem-2019-057"},{"key":"9803","unstructured":"Bent E., Loffredo A., McKenry M.V., Becker J.O., Borneman J., 2008. Detection and investigation of soil biological activity against Meloidogyne incognita. Journal of Nematology 40(2): 109\u2013118."},{"key":"9804","unstructured":"Brown C.R., Mojtahedi H., Santo G.S., Williamson V.M., 1997. Effect of the Mi gene in tomato on reproductive factors of Meloidogyne chitwoodi and M. hapla. Journal of Nematology 29(3): 416-419."},{"key":"9805","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castagnone-Sereno P., 2012. Meloidogyne enterolobii (= M. mayaguensis): profile of an emerging, highly pathogenic, root-knot nematode species. Nematology 14(2): 133\u2013138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1163\/156854111X601650","DOI":"10.1163\/156854111X601650"},{"key":"9806","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elling A.A., 2013. Major emerging problems with minor Meloidogyne species. Phytopathology 103: 1092\u20131102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/PHYTO-01-13-0019-RVW","DOI":"10.1094\/PHYTO-01-13-0019-RVW"},{"key":"9807","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"EPPO, 2016. PM 7\/41 (3) Meloidogyne chitwoodi and Meloidogyne fallax. Bulletin OEPP\/EPPO 46(2): 171\u2013189.","DOI":"10.1111\/epp.12292"},{"key":"9808","unstructured":"EPPO, 2017. EPPO Alert List: Addition of Meloidogyne luci together with M. ethiopica. EPPO Reporting Service, 2017\/2018. Available at: https:\/\/gd.eppo.int\/reporting\/article-6186. Accessed August 05, 2023"},{"key":"9809","unstructured":"EPPO, 2023a. EPPO Alert List 2013-10. Available at: https:\/\/www.eppo.int\/ACTIVITIES\/plant_quarantine\/alert_list. Accessed November 03, 2023"},{"key":"9810","unstructured":"EPPO, 2023b. Meloidogyne chitwoodi. EPPO global database. Available at: https:\/\/gd.eppo.int\/taxon\/MELGCH Accessed November 03, 2023"},{"key":"9811","unstructured":"EPPO, 2023c. Meloidogyne enterolobii. EPPO global database. Available at: https:\/\/gd.eppo.int\/taxon\/MELGMY Accessed August 05, 2023"},{"key":"9812","unstructured":"EPPO, 2023d. Meloidogyne luci. EPPO global database. Available at: https:\/\/gd.eppo.int\/taxon\/MELGLC Accessed August 05, 2023"},{"key":"9813","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Exp\u00f3sito A., Munera M., Gin\u00e9 A., L\u00f3pez-G\u00f3mez M., C\u00e1ceres A., \u2026 Sorribas F.J., 2018. Cucumis metuliferus is resistant to root-knot nematode Mi1.2 gene (a)virulent isolates and a promising melon rootstock. Plant Pathology 67: 1161\u20131167. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppa.12815","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.12815"},{"key":"9814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Exp\u00f3sito A., Garc\u00eda S., Gin\u00e9 A., Escudero N., Sorribas F.J., 2019. Cucumis metuliferus reduces Meloidogyne incognita virulence against the Mi1.2 resistance gene in a tomato-melon rotation sequence. Pest Management Science 75: 1902\u20131910. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ps.5297","DOI":"10.1002\/ps.5297"},{"key":"9815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Expo\u0301sito A., Pujol\u00e0 M., Achaerandio I., Gin\u00e9 A., Escudero N., \u2026 Sorribas F.J., 2020. Tomato and melon Meloidogyne resistant rootstocks improve crop yield but melon fruit quality is influenced by the cropping season. Frontiers Plant Science 11: 560024-14. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2020.560024","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.560024"},{"key":"9816","unstructured":"Fassuliotis G., 1970. Resistance of Cucumis spp. to the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita acrita. Journal of Nematology 2: 174\u2013178."},{"key":"9817","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fullana A.M., Exp\u00f3sito A., Escudero N., Cunquero M., Loza-Alvarez P., \u2026 Sorribas F.J., 2023. Crop rotation with Meloidogyne-resistant germplasm is useful to manage and revert the (a)virulent populations of Mi1.2 gene and reduce yield losses. Frontiers Plant Science 14: 1133095-13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2023.1133095","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1133095"},{"key":"9818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Garc\u00eda-Mend\u00edvil H.A., Munera M., Gin\u00e9 A., Escudero N., Pic\u00f3 M.B., \u2026 Sorribas F.J., 2019. Response of two Citrullus amarus accessions to isolates of three species of Meloidogyne and their graft compatibility with watermelon. Crop Protection 119: 208\u2013213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cropro.2019.02.005","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cropro.2019.02.005"},{"key":"9819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gin\u00e9 A., L\u00f3pez\u2010G\u00f3mez M., Vela M.D., Ornat C., Talavera M., \u2026 Sorribas F.J., 2014. Thermal requirements and population dynamics of root\u2010knot nematodes on cucumber and yield losses under protected cultivation. Plant Pathology 63(6): 1446\u20131453. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppa.12217","DOI":"10.1111\/ppa.12217"},{"key":"9820","unstructured":"Guner N., Wehner T.C., Pitrat M., 2008. Overview of potyvirus resistance in watermelon. In: Proceedings of the IXth EUCARPIA Meeting on Genetics and Breeding of Cucurbitaceae. (M Pitrat ed.), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Avignon, France, 445\u2013451."},{"key":"9821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gusmini G., Song R., Wehner T.C., 2005. New sources of resistance to gummy stem blight in watermelon. Crop Science 45(2): 582\u2013588. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2135\/cropsci2005.0582","DOI":"10.2135\/cropsci2005.0582"},{"key":"9822","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hadisoeganda W.W., Sasser J.N., 1982. Resistance of tomato, bean, southern pea, and garden pea cultivars to root-knot nematodes based on host suitability. Plant Disease 66: 145\u2013150.","DOI":"10.1094\/PD-66-145"},{"key":"9823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanna H.Y., 2000. Double-cropping muskmelons with nematode-resistant tomatoes increases yield, but mulch color has no effect. HortScience 35: 1213\u20131214. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21273\/HORTSCI.35.7.1213","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI.35.7.1213"},{"key":"9824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Holbrook C.C., Knauf D.A., Dickson D.W., 1983. A technique for screening peanut for resistance to Meloidogyne incognita. Plant Disease 57: 957\u2013958.","DOI":"10.1094\/PD-67-957"},{"key":"9825","unstructured":"Hussey R.S., Barker K.R., 1973. A comparison of methods of collecting inocula of Meloidogyne spp., including a new technique. Plant Disease Report 57: 1025\u20131038."},{"key":"9826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jones J.T., Haegeman A.J., Danchin E.G., Gaur H.S., Helder J.K., \u2026 Perry R.N., 2013. Top 10 plant-parasitic nematodes in molecular plant pathology. Molecular Plant Pathology 14: 946\u2013961. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mpp.12057","DOI":"10.1111\/mpp.12057"},{"key":"9827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keinath A.P., Wechter W.P., Rutter W.B., Agudelo P.A., 2019. Cucurbit rootstocks resistant to Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum remain resistant when coinfected by Meloidogyne incognita in the field. Plant Disease 103: 1383\u20131390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1094\/PDIS-10-18-1869-RE","DOI":"10.1094\/PDIS-10-18-1869-RE"},{"key":"9828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koutsovoulos G.D., Poullet M., Elashry A., Kozlowski D.K., Sallet E., \u2026 Danchin E.G., 2020. Genome assembly and annotation of Meloidogyne enterolobii, an emerging parthenogenetic root-knot nematode. Scientific Data 7(1): 324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41597-020-00666-0","DOI":"10.1038\/s41597-020-00666-0"},{"key":"9829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X., Sun Y., Yang Y., Yang X., Xue W., \u2026 Chen S., 2021. Transcriptomic and histological analysis of the response of susceptible and resistant cucumber to Meloidogyne incognita infection revealing complex resistance via multiple signalling pathways. Frontiers Plant Science 12: 675429-675441. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpls.2021.675429","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.675429"},{"key":"9830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ling J., Mao Z., Zhai M., Zeng F., Yang Y., Xie B., 2017. Transcriptome profiling of Cucumis metuliferus infected by Meloidogyne incognita provides new insights into putative defense regulatory network in Cucurbitaceae. 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Susceptibility of crop plants to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne luci, a threat to agricultural productivity. Phytopathologia Mediterranea 61: 169\u2013179. doi: 10.36253\/phyto-13369","DOI":"10.36253\/phyto-13369"},{"key":"9834","unstructured":"Ornat C., Verdejo-Lucas S., Sorribas F.J., 1997. Effect of the previous crop on population densities of Meloidogyne javanica and yield of cucumber. Nematropica 27: 85\u201390."},{"key":"9835","unstructured":"Pais C.S., Abrantes I., Fernandes M.F.M., Santos M.S.N.A., 1986. T\u00e9cnica de electroforese aplicada ao estudo das enzimas dos nem\u00e1todes-das-galhas-radiculares, Meloidogyne spp. Ci\u00eancia Biol\u00f3gica Ecology and Systematics 6: 19\u201334."},{"key":"9836","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Phan N.T., Waele D., Lorieux M., Xiong L., Bellafiore S., 2018. A hypersensitivity-like response to Meloidogyne graminicola in rice (Oryza sativa). 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Penetration rates of root-knot nematodes into Cucumis sativus and C. metuliferus roots and subsequent histological changes. Nematropica 36: 231\u2013242."},{"key":"9846","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xie X., Ling J., Mao Z., Li Y., Zhao J., \u2026 Xie B., 2022. Negative regulation of root-knot nematode parasitic behavior by root-derived volatiles of wild relatives of Cucumis metuliferus CM3. Horticulture Research 9: uhac051. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/hr\/uhac051","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhac051"},{"key":"9847","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ye D.Y., Qi Y.H., Cao S.F., Wei B.Q., Zhang H.S., 2017. Histopathology combined with transcriptome analyses reveals the mechanism of resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in Cucumis metuliferus. 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