{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T17:53:21Z","timestamp":1765475601884,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Innovative Healthcare Institute","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To evaluate the impact of Sars-Cov-2 infection on mortality and immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) toxicity in patients with cancer receiving ICIs compared to those not receiving ICIs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective matched cohort study of 25 patients receiving ICIs within 1 year of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) diagnosis between March 20, 2020, and June 3, 2020, at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute\/Mass General Brigham. Cases were matched 1:1 with controls based on age, sex, and anticancer therapy within the prior 6 months.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven of 25 (28%) patients receiving ICIs died from COVID-19 as compared with nine of 25 (36%) controls. Through multivariable analysis adjusting for age, sex, and anticancer therapy, ICI use was not associated with increased risk for COVID-19 death (OR [odds ratio] 0.36, 95% CI 0.07\u20131.87). Determinants of mortality included age (OR 1.14, 95% CI 1.03\u20131.27) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (OR 12.26, 95% CI 1.76\u201385.14). Statin use was protective against mortality (OR 0.08, 95% CI 0.01\u20130.63). Two patients experienced persistent immune-related adverse events (irAEs) (hypophysitis); one had new-onset irAE (hypothyroidism) during their COVID-19 course. Patients with ICIs had significantly higher platelet (p = 0.017) and D-dimer (p = 0.037) levels. Elevated troponin levels (p = 0.01) were associated with COVID-19 death in patients using ICI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is insufficient evidence to conclude COVID-19\u2013related outcomes are associated with ICIs, and we did not observe an increased risk of COVID-19\u2013related death associated with ICIs. The potential protective effect of statin therapy and role of laboratory biomarkers warrant further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.36401\/jipo-20-34","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]],"date-time":"2021-05-14T14:19:53Z","timestamp":1621001993000},"page":"35-44","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Impact of COVID-19 on Patients with Cancer Receiving Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors"],"prefix":"10.36401","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Ai-Tram N.","family":"Bui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Tyan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Giobbie-Hurder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Biostatistics, Department of Data Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isaac A.","family":"Klein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Whitehead Institute of Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael P.","family":"Manos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Leyre","family":"Zubiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerry","family":"Reynolds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shilpa","family":"Grover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gerald L.","family":"Weinhouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patrick A.","family":"Ott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole R.","family":"LeBoeuf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Center for Cutaneous Oncology, Dana-Farber\/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osama","family":"Rahma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"22027","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021051818503350000_i2590-017X-4-2-35-b01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dai\n              M,\n            \n            \n              Liu\n              D,\n            \n  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