{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:11:04Z","timestamp":1787163064659,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"The Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660521600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jheor.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"background\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Essential tremor (ET), the most common movement disorder, often impairs patients\u2019 ability to perform activities of daily living, mental health, and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"objectives\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To assess comorbidities, psychiatric disorders, healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), and costs among patients with ET compared with patients without ET.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"methods\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective observational study was conducted using a large US administrative claims database. Patients with ET were identified during the study period (1\/1\/2017\u201312\/31\/2019). The earliest claim date with ET diagnosis was identified as the index date. An index date was assigned randomly for each non-ET patient. Patients had to be at least 22 years old and be enrolled in the health plan for at least 6 months before and at least 12 months after the index date. Patients with and those without ET were matched 1:1 on age, gender, payer type, and first 3 digits of their ZIP code. Comorbidities were assessed using data within 6 months prior to the index date. Psychiatric disorders, HCRU, and costs were examined using data within 12 months after the index date.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"results\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean (SD) age of ET patients (n = 5286) was 70.8 (11.8) years, 49.1% were female, and 82.9% were Medicare Advantage members. In the 12 months following the index date, 26.0% of patients had no insurance claims for ET-related pharmacotherapy or invasive therapies. Patients with ET had a higher number of comorbidities than non-ET patients (5.3 [3.2] vs 4.0 [3.3]); a higher prevalence of psychiatric disorders (depression: 25.6% vs 15.3%; adjusted odds ratio (AOR) [95% CI], 1.56 [1.41-1.73]; anxiety: 27.7% vs 15.5%, AOR: 1.78 [1.61-1.96]); and higher total healthcare costs: $17\u202f560 [$39\u202f972] vs $13\u202f237 [$27\u202f098], adjusted cost ratio [95% CI]: 1.11 [1.06-1.16]; all\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;.0001.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"discussion\">\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Highly prevalent multiple comorbidities and psychiatric disorders should be considered in the context of clinical decision-making to optimize ET management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"conclusions\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study represents the largest observational study to report ET disease and economic burdens in a real-world setting. The data demonstrate increased comorbidity, mental health, and healthcare cost burdens among ET patients compared with matched non-ET patients. These findings underscore the need for innovative care for this complex population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.36469\/001c.37307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]],"date-time":"2022-08-15T16:30:41Z","timestamp":1660581041000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36469\/00001","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multiple Comorbidities, Psychiatric Disorders, Healthcare Resource Utilization and Costs Among Adults with Essential Tremor: A Retrospective Observational Study in a Large US Commercially Insured and Medicare Advantage Population"],"prefix":"10.36469","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Dingwei","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CVS Health Clinical Trial Services LLC, Woonsocket, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Samiian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cala Health, Inc., San Mateo, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CVS Health Clinical Trial Services LLC, Woonsocket, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henriette","family":"Coetzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CVS Health Clinical Trial Services LLC, Woonsocket, Rhode Island"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"22273","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,15]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.1184","article-title":"Correlates of functional disability in essential tremor","volume":"16","author":"Elan D. 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