{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,15]],"date-time":"2025-08-15T00:11:01Z","timestamp":1755216661036,"version":"3.43.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"The Journal of Health Economics and Outcomes Research","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1663632000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["jheor.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec id=\"background\"> <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title> <jats:p>Despite the substantial burden of varicella infection, Slovenia does not currently have a universal varicella vaccination (UVV) program. We modeled the long-term clinical and economic impact of implementing 2-dose UVV strategies compared with no vaccination in Slovenia.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"methods\"> <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title> <jats:p>A previously published dynamic transmission model was adapted to the demographics, varicella seroprevalence, herpes zoster incidence, and contact patterns in Slovenia. Six 2-dose UVV strategies, vs no vaccination, were considered over a 50-year period, including monovalent vaccination (Varivax<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> [V-MSD] or Varilrix<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> [V-GSK]) at ages 12 and 24 months, or monovalent vaccination at 15 months followed by monovalent or quadrivalent vaccination (ProQuad<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> [MMRV-MSD] or Priorix- Tetra<jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup> [MMRV-GSK]) at 5.5 years. Costs, quality-adjusted life-years, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios vs no vaccination were calculated to assess the economic impact of each strategy from payer and societal perspectives.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"results\"> <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title> <jats:p>The incidence of varicella infection was estimated as 1228 per 100\u202f000 population in the absence of UVV. Over 50 years, depending on vaccination strategy, UVV reduced varicella cases by 77% to 85% and was associated with substantial reductions in varicella deaths (39%-44%), outpatient cases (74%-82%), and hospitalizations (74%-82%). The greatest reductions were predicted with V-MSD (15 months\/5.5 years) and V MSD\/MMRV-MSD (15 months\/5.5 years).<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"discussion\"> <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title> <jats:p>All 2-dose UVV strategies were cost-effective compared with no vaccination from payer and societal perspectives, with V-MSD (15 months\/5.5 years) being the most favorable from both perspectives.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec> <jats:sec id=\"conclusion\"> <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title> <jats:p>Policymakers should consider implementing UVV to reduce the burden of varicella disease in Slovenia.<\/jats:p> <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.36469\/001c.37308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]],"date-time":"2022-09-20T09:57:50Z","timestamp":1663667870000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36469\/00001","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Long-Term Clinical and Economic Impact of Universal Varicella Vaccination in Slovenia"],"prefix":"10.36469","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Colleen","family":"Burgess","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Kujawski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ajda","family":"Lapornik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSD Inovativna zdravilla d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Goran","family":"Bencina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MSD, Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manjiri","family":"Pawaskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"22273","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,20]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2004-0012","article-title":"Decline in varicella-related hospitalizations and expenditures for children and adults after introduction of varicella vaccine in the United States","volume":"114","author":"Matthew M. 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