{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T15:54:52Z","timestamp":1790956492473,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Doc Design and Informatics Co. Ltd.","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a galactose-binding lectin released from immune cells that modulates the immune response and plays a role in type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and related vascular complications. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum Gal-3 levels and infection and inflammatory processes among patients with type 2 DM, diabetic foot infection (DFI), and healthy controls.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Patients with DFI, patients with type 2 DM without signs of infection, and healthy controls without comorbidities admitted to our clinic were included in the study. Serum Gal-3 levels were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), version 21.0. Statistical significance was set at p &lt; 0.05 for all tests. \n\nResults: Thirty-six patients with DFI, 24 patients with type 2 DM without signs of infection, and 24 healthy controls were included in the study. The median Gal-3 level was 232.54 pg\/mL among patients with DFI, 209.14 pg\/mL among patients with type 2 DM without infection, and 277.85 pg\/mL among healthy group. No statistically significant difference in Gal-3 levels was found among the three groups (p &gt; 0.05). Sixteen (44.4%) patients with DFI were classified as PEDIS grade 4, 11 (30.6%) as PEDIS grade 3, and 9 (25%) as PEDIS grade 2. No statistically significant difference in Gal-3 levels was observed across PEDIS grades (p &gt; 0.05). There were no statistically significant associations between Gal-3 levels and C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, leukocyte count, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate (p &gt; 0.05).\n\nConclusion: In our study, Gal-3 levels did not differ significantly among patients with DFI, patients with type 2 DM without infection, and healthy controls. More comprehensive studies are needed to clarify the potential diagnostic and severity-assessment value of Gal-3 in DFI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.36519\/idcm.2026.1132","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T15:15:35Z","timestamp":1790954135000},"page":"507","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Serum Galectin-3 in Diabetic Foot Infections: A Case-Control Evaluation of Its Diagnostic and Severity-Grading Utility"],"prefix":"10.36519","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5558-8441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00fcmeyye","family":"Atasever-Y\u00fcce","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9815-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bahar","family":"Kandemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3155-4036","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rukiyye","family":"Bulut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7491-2710","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u0130brahim","family":"Erayman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"22401","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"container-title":["Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology"],"original-title":[],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T15:15:35Z","timestamp":1790954135000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.idcmjournal.org\/galectin-3-in-diabetic-foot-infections"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36519\/idcm.2026.1132","relation":{},"ISSN":["2667-646X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2667-646X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"article-number":"1132"}}