{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T19:45:24Z","timestamp":1782675924324,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"ALUNA","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wiadomo\u015bci Lekarskie"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Aim: To determine the relationship between changes in serum and fecal zonulin levels depending on the severity of colonic dysbiosis in patients with\nautoimmune thyroiditis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Material and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 143 patients with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) were included in the study. An assessment of the species and quantitative\ncomposition of the colonic microbiota (CM) was performed in the examined patients. The zonulin level was determined in blood serum and feces using enzyme-\nlinked immunosorbent assay. The \u03b11-antitrypsin (\u03b11-AT) level was also determined in blood serum and feces using ELISA. Based on the results obtained,\nthe \u03b11-AT clearance was calculated. The level of fecal calprotectin (FC) was also assessed using the ELISA method.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The data obtained indicate that the vast majority of patients had reduced thyroid hormone levels (hypothyroidism) \u2013 in 70 (49.0% of those examined).\nPatients with thyroid hypofunction in AIT were assigned to group 1 of the examined patients. Euthyroidism was diagnosed in 47 (32.9%) patients, who were\nclassified as group 2. Group 3 consisted of 26 (18.1%) patients with AIT who were diagnosed with elevated thyroid hormone levels in their blood serum.\nAs the data show, patients with AIT and thyroid hypofunction are significantly more likely to have grade 3 colonic dysbiosis (p&lt;0.001). It is in patients with\nAIT and hypothyroidism that grade 4 colonic dysbiosis is significantly more common (in 11.4% of cases \u2013 p&lt;0.01), which is 5.0% and 7.6% more than in\npatients in groups 2 and 3.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with AIT have been found to have colonic dysbiosis, the severity of which depends on the functional state of the thyroid gland. At the\nsame time, patients with hypothyroidism in AIT are mainly diagnosed with grade 3 CD (in 57.1% \u2013 p&lt;0.001), while patients with AIT and euthyroidism and\nhyperthyroidism are mainly diagnosed with grade 2 CD (in 55.3% (p&lt;0.001) and 46.2% (p&lt;0.01) of patients, respectively). CD (in 55.3% (p&lt;0.001) and 46.2%\n(p&lt;0.01) of the examined patients, respectively). In patients with AIT, impaired intestinal barrier function was established based on the levels of biomarkers\nsuch as zonulin, \u03b11-AT in feces and blood serum, regardless of thyroid function. However, the maximum values of zonulin and \u03b11-AT in feces were diagnosed in\npatients with AIT with pancreatic hypofunction (an increase in their levels to 168.73\u00b10.51 ng\/ml (p&lt;0.001) and to 41.07\u00b10.37 mg\/dl(p&lt;0.01), respectively),\nwhich directly correlates with the severity of CD in these patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.36740\/wlek\/220840","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T19:30:14Z","timestamp":1782675014000},"page":"1061-1067","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dysbiosis of the large intestine and impaired barrier function of the intestine in patients with autoimmune thyroiditis"],"prefix":"10.36740","author":[{"given":"Yelyzaveta S.","family":"Sirchak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea Yu.","family":"Andriichuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lyubov Yu.","family":"Pushkash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan I.","family":"Pushkash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bohdana I.","family":"Kostan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan I.","family":"Lemko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"22436","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"container-title":["Wiadomo\u015bci Lekarskie"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wiadomoscilekarskie.pl\/pdf-220840-141701","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wiadomoscilekarskie.pl\/pdf-220840-141701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,28]],"date-time":"2026-06-28T19:30:20Z","timestamp":1782675020000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wiadomoscilekarskie.pl\/Dysbiosis-of-the-large-intestine-and-impaired-barrier-function-of-the-intestine-in,220840,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["220840"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36740\/wlek\/220840","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-5147","2719-342X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-5147","type":"print"},{"value":"2719-342X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]}}}