{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T10:06:52Z","timestamp":1789553212308,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"ALUNA","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Wiadomo\u015bci Lekarskie"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: To elucidate neurohormonal mechanisms underlying the development of higher-order behavioral and cognitive disturbances after traumatic brain injury\nand to substantiate a pathogenetic approach to their correction using carbacetam.\n\nMaterials and Methods: We examined neuroendocrine dynamics after closedhead TBI in rats and assessed pathogenetically oriented correction with\ncarbacetam \u2013 an endogenous modulator of the Type-A \u03b3-aminobutyric acid (GABA-A)-benzodiazepine receptor complex \u2013 compared with deproteinized calf\nblood hemoderivative (DCBH). One hundred seventy adult male outbred rats were used.\n\nResults: TBI caused a 5.4-5.9fold rise in neurological deficit on Day 1 with incomplete spontaneous recovery (still 3.4fold above intact on Day 7). Carbacetam\naccelerated recovery (57% reduction by Day 7 vs 43% in vehicle; p &lt; 0.05) and improved orienting-exploratory behavior and eightarm maze performance;\nDCBH improved most behavioral outcomes but was less effective for exploratory activity. Endocrine profiling revealed an acute hyperreactive response (ACTH,\ncorticosterone and vasopressin surges on Day 1) followed by delayed central depletion at Day 14 and persistent suppression of growth hormone (to 48% of\nintact at Day 30; p &lt; 0.05).\n\nConclusions: Carbacetam attenuated early hyperactivation, prevented delayed depletion and preserved somatotropic signaling, whereas DCBH primarily mitigated\nthe delayed depletion phase. Mortality was 50% in vehicle, 16% with carbacetam and 36% with DCBH (p = 0.002). Immunohistochemistry on Day 7 showed\nreduced GFAP\/S100 and increased NSE under carbacetam, consistent with attenuation of degenerative changes and preservation of neuronal metabolic activity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.36740\/wlek\/225985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T09:39:33Z","timestamp":1789551573000},"page":"1451-1466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Carbacetam attenuates biphasic neuroendocrine dysregulation\nand improves neurobehavioral recovery after closedhead\ntraumatic brain injury in rats"],"prefix":"10.36740","author":[{"given":"Sergiy V.","family":"Ziablitsev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nadia O.","family":"Aleksandrenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volodymyr V.","family":"Likhodievsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danylo I.","family":"Yevstifeiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mykola S.","family":"Babenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serhey O.","family":"Khudoley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liudmyla V.","family":"Molodan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliia Ya.","family":"Fedulenkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana G.","family":"Kiriya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olena P.","family":"Sharmazanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viktoriia O.","family":"Bibichenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"22436","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"container-title":["Wiadomo\u015bci Lekarskie"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wiadomoscilekarskie.pl\/pdf-225985-145200","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wiadomoscilekarskie.pl\/pdf-225985-145200","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T09:39:33Z","timestamp":1789551573000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.wiadomoscilekarskie.pl\/Carbacetam-attenuates-biphasic-neuroendocrine-dysregulation-nand-improves-neurobehavioral,225985,0,2.html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"alternative-id":["225985"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36740\/wlek\/225985","relation":{},"ISSN":["0043-5147","2719-342X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0043-5147","type":"print"},{"value":"2719-342X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]]}}}