{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T03:09:04Z","timestamp":1788577744479,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Politechnika Wroclawska Oficyna Wydawnicza","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Bioeng Biomech"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a central nervous system disease marked by multifocal damage over time, leading to symptoms such as spasticity and balance disorders, which increase fall risk and reduce patient independence. Whole-body cryotherapy (WBC) is used in MS rehabilitation, but its effect on balance without subsequent kinesiotherapy remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the impact of 10 and 20 WBC sessions, without kinesiotherapy, on disability (Expanded Disability Status Scale \u2013 EDSS), muscle spasticity (Modified Ashworth Scale \u2013 MAS), and body balance.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>Methods<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>The study was completed by 51 patients, aged 23 to 65 years, with a disability grade of 3.5-6.5 on the EDSS scale and spasticity 0-3.0 assessed by the MAS. Patients were randomly assigned to the control group (n=18) or the experimental group participating in 20 WBC sessions (n=33). Balance assessment consisted of performing two, 30-second static tests on stabilometric platform, the first test with eyes open and the second one with eyes closed.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>Results<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>A series of 20 daily WBC resulted in an improvement in the functional status of patients with multiple sclerosis in the form of a significant reduction in EDSS values and spasticity, both on the side with greater and less spasticity. Under the effect of whole-body cryotherapy treatments, there was slight improvement in the stability in patients with multiple sclerosis.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>Conclusions<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:p>It can be concluded that WBC, without subsequent targeted kinesiotherapy, are not sufficient to obtain clear and measurable benefits in the rehabilitation of patients with multiple sclerosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.37190\/abb-02584-2025-02","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T08:00:07Z","timestamp":1747814407000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Effect of Whole-Body Cryotherapy on Body Balance in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis"],"prefix":"10.37190","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Robert","family":"Staszkiewicz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stanis\u0142aw","family":"Rusek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Lubkowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zbigniew","family":"Szygu\u0142a","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"23140","container-title":["Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/actabio.pwr.edu.pl\/fcp\/mGBUKOQtTKlQhbx08SlkTUARAUWRuHQwFDBoIVURNWHxTDlhnRlUuWTISTnoYDxMe\/302\/public\/publikacje\/v27-1-2025\/15.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T08:00:13Z","timestamp":1747814413000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/actabio.pwr.edu.pl\/fcp\/mGBUKOQtTKlQhbx08SlkTUARAUWRuHQwFDBoIVURNWHxTDlhnRlUuWTISTnoYDxMe\/302\/public\/publikacje\/v27-1-2025\/15.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37190\/abb-02584-2025-02","relation":{},"ISSN":["1509-409X","2450-6303"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1509-409X","type":"print"},{"value":"2450-6303","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}}}