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EA treatment was given once a day, 5 days a week, for 3 weeks. Two acupoints, GV14 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Dazhui<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and GV20 (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Baihui<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), respectively on the cervical spine and scalp, were selected. EA frequency was held constant at 2Hz (2 pulses\/second), pulse width 0.3-ms, and intensity was adjusted to 3 mA. Forced swim tests (FST), open field tests (OFT; e.g., a. rearing and grooming, b. distance traveled within a central area, c. time spent in central area, and d. total distance traveled), and the Morris Water Maze test (MWM) were conducted 3 weeks after the initial treatment.\n                    <jats:bold>Results.<\/jats:bold>\n                    In the FST, there was significant difference between EA and control (P&lt;0.05) in immobility. In the OFT, there were significant differences between EA and control (P&lt;0.05) in rearing and grooming (P&lt;0.05). In the MWM, there were significant differences between treatment and control in frequency of crossing the platform (P&lt;0.05) and its surrounding area (P&lt;0.05).\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion.<\/jats:bold>\n                    Our data demonstrate that EA enhances memory and improves depression-related behaviors in a rat model of depression. This suggests that the modality may have therapeutic effects on depression in humans. Electroacupuncture may act on depression by protecting nerve cells in the hippocampus.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3727\/036012911803634166","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]],"date-time":"2015-12-14T21:36:18Z","timestamp":1450128978000},"page":"259-273","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Effects of Electroacupuncture on Depression in a Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Shifen","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Chief Physician of Acupuncture department, Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine affiliated to Shanghai TCM University, Shanghai 200071, China"},{"name":"Postdoctoral Fellow at the Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shengtian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor of Laboratory of Synaptic Signaling and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Life Sciences &amp; Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueyong","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director and Professor of Acupuncture College of Shanghai Traditional Chinese Medicine University, Shanghai 201203, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xianze","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200001, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lixing","family":"Lao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Director and Professor of Traditional Chinese Medicine Program, Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","first-page":"83","article-title":"Nonresponse","volume":"26","author":"Mauskopf JA","year":"2009","unstructured":"MauskopfJA SimonGE KalsekarA NimschC DunayevichE, CameronA. 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