{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T23:34:54Z","timestamp":1790897694054,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Xia & He Publishing","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["gene expr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,22]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    \u03b17-nAChR is a nicotinic acetylcholine receptor [specifically expressed on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), Kupffer cells, and cholangiocytes] that regulates inflammation and apoptosis in the liver. Thus, targeting \u03b17-nAChR may be therapeutic in biliary diseases. Bile duct\n ligation (BDL) was performed on wild-type (WT) and \u03b17-nAChR\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    mice. We first evaluated the expression of \u03b17-nAChR by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in liver sections. IHC was also performed to assess intrahepatic bile duct mass (IBDM), and Sirius Red staining\n was performed to quantify the amount of collagen deposition. Immunofluorescence was performed to assess colocalization of \u03b17-nAChR with bile ducts (costained with CK-19) and HSCs (costained with desmin). The mRNA expression of \u03b17-nAChR, Ki-67\/PCNA (proliferation), fibrosis genes\n (TGF-\u03b21, fibronectin-1, Col1\u03b11, and \u03b1-SMA), and inflammatory markers (IL-6, IL-1\u03b2, and TNF-\u03b1) was measured by real-time PCR. Biliary TGF-\u03b21 and hepatic CD68 (Kupffer cell marker) expression was assessed using IHC. \u03b17-nAChR immunoreactivity was observed\n in both bile ducts and HSCs and increased following BDL. \u03b17-nAChR\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212\/\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    BDL mice exhibited decreased (i) bile duct mass, liver fibrosis, and inflammation, and (ii) immunoreactivity of TGF-\u03b21 as well as expression of fibrosis genes compared to WT BDL mice. \u03b17-nAChR\n activation triggers biliary proliferation and liver fibrosis and may be a therapeutic target in managing extrahepatic biliary obstruction.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3727\/105221618x15216453076707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]],"date-time":"2018-03-26T21:08:56Z","timestamp":1522098536000},"page":"197-207","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["\u03b17-nAChR Knockout Mice Decreases Biliary Hyperplasia and Liver Fibrosis in Cholestatic Bile Duct-Ligated Mice"],"prefix":"10.14218","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Laurent","family":"Ehrlich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chad","family":"Hall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tori","family":"White","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research, Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixian","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinda","family":"Scrushy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Mubarak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fanyin","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Dostal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chaodong","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry C.","family":"Lairmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Alpini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shannon","family":"Glaser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Physiology, Baylor Scott & White and Texas A&M University Health Science Center, Temple, TX, 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