{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,21]],"date-time":"2026-04-21T03:04:17Z","timestamp":1776740657784,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Cognizant, LLC","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Tourism Culture &amp; Communication"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Among the most common cultural tourism consumption practices is the purchase of products as souvenirs, frequently acquired as symbols of local heritage and extension of memorable tourist experiences, and sometimes as gifts permitting a sharing of those experiences. These items are complex,\n diverse, and multidimensional in their nature, format, and meanings. This article contributes to the debate of the role of souvenirs within tourism, through a comprehensive literature review highlighting two dominant perspectives: a) the economic and b) the symbolic. Results further reveal\n as thematic research categories those focusing on a) the object, b) its consumption, and c) the territory of its origin, from both mainly economic and symbolic perspectives. This research provides an analytical framework to help researchers navigate through past research and integrate new\n contributions into the identified research streams. It shall help identify research gaps, potential new themes, and interesting and relevant approaches to be considered in future souvenirs research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3727\/109830422x16600594683544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T01:10:07Z","timestamp":1661994607000},"page":"333-346","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Souvenirs in Tourism Studies: A Thematic Analytical Framework"],"prefix":"10.3727","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Edgar","family":"Bernardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Center for Tourism, Sustainability and Well-being, Universidade do Algarve, Portugal"}]},{"given":"Elisabeth","family":"Kastenholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Research Unit on Governance, Competitiveness and Public Policies (GOVCOPP), Degeit, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal"}]}],"member":"2029","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"R36_307_625","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2015.1081158","volume":"21","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1368-3500","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R36_307_585","first-page":"741","volume":"15","journal-title":"Revista de Turismo y Patrimonio Cultural,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R36_380_515","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(79)90096-3","volume":"6","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"14","key":"R36_336_435","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3420","DOI":"10.1002\/jsfa.6284","volume":"93","journal-title":"Journal of Science of Food and Agriculture,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-5142","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R36_419_395","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.3727\/216929720X15846938924003","volume":"4","journal-title":"Journal of Gastronomy and Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R36_307_335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(99)00061-8","volume":"21","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R36_324_245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/1467358419848139","volume":"20","journal-title":"Tourism and Hospitality Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1467-3584","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R36_476_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1108\/BFJ-05-2015-0190","volume":"118","journal-title":"British Food Journal,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0007-070X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R36_361_555","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2012.11.020","volume":"37","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R36_364_495","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(93)90112-G","volume":"20","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R36_473_365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1086\/209154","volume":"15","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0093-5301","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R36_428_345","first-page":"95","volume":"2","journal-title":"Research in Market- ing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0191-3026","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R36_368_285","first-page":"428","volume":"31","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R36_471_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tmp.2016.10.008","volume":"21","journal-title":"Tourism Management Perspectives,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R36_406_465","first-page":"311","volume":"18","journal-title":"Journal of Hospitality Mar- keting & Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R37_331_668","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1177\/004728759903800208","volume":"38","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R37_397_638","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"424","DOI":"10.1080\/15022250903175274","volume":"9","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1502-2250","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R37_355_598","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1177\/1359183512443166","volume":"17","journal-title":"Journal of Material Culture,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1359-1835","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R37_467_568","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(03)00126-2","volume":"25","journal-title":"Tour- ism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R37_431_468","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1080\/09669582.2011.586571","volume":"20","journal-title":"Journal of Sus- tainable Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0966-9582","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R37_408_438","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1079","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2006.07.006","volume":"28","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_313_418","first-page":"323","volume":"12","journal-title":"Caderno Virtual de Turismo,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R37_431_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/14735784.2012.710453","volume":"54","journal-title":"Culture, Theory and Critique,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1473-5784","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_315_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6989(99)00023-5","volume":"7","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0969-6989","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_448_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-7383(00)00076-1","volume":"28","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_90_598","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-3840.1986.2003_135.x","volume":"20","journal-title":"Journal of Popular Culture,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0022-3840","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_233_568","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1177\/1468797614536333","volume":"14","journal-title":"Tourist Studies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1468-7976","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R37_132_548","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-5177(93)90078-Y","volume":"14","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_189_518","first-page":"651","volume":"31","journal-title":"Revista Sociedade e Estado,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_212_488","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1177\/1468797611407751","volume":"10","journal-title":"Tourist Stud- ies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1468-7976","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R37_65_458","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1080\/14616688.2011.610147","volume":"14","journal-title":"Tourism Geographies: An International Journal of Tour- ism Space, Place and Environment,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R37_172_388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1177\/1356766707081005","volume":"13","journal-title":"Journal of Vacation Mar- keting,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1356-7667","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R37_125_298","first-page":"22","volume":"8","journal-title":"International Journal of Culture, Tour- ism and Hospitality Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R37_231_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1080\/1743873X.2010.515312","volume":"6","journal-title":"Journal of Heritage Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R37_208_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1080\/10436928.2015.1131360","volume":"27","journal-title":"Lit: Literature Interpretation Theory,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1043-6928","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"R37_178_178","first-page":"1","volume":"17","journal-title":"Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1094-1665","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R37_97_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287506295908","volume":"45","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_315_388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-5177(89)90009-5","volume":"10","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_376_338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"396","DOI":"10.1177\/004728750003800408","volume":"38","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_467_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1007\/s00267-008-9214-3","volume":"42","journal-title":"Envi- ronmental Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0364-152X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_434_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1080\/14616680701278547","volume":"9","journal-title":"Tourism Geog- raphies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1461-6688","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_190_658","first-page":"81","volume":"11","journal-title":"Analysis of Urban Change, Theory, Action,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_170_628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2623","DOI":"10.1007\/s10531-004-2139-0","volume":"13","journal-title":"Biodiversity & Conserva- tion,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0960-3115","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_65_428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2017.08.006","volume":"64","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_65_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1177\/003803857901300203","volume":"13","journal-title":"Sociology,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0038-0385","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_144_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.3727\/109830412X13542041184775","volume":"12","journal-title":"Tourism, Culture & Communica- tion,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1098-304X","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_383_248","first-page":"1103","volume":"584","journal-title":"Applied Mechanics and Mate- rials,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1660-9336","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R37_65_338","first-page":"1255","volume":"365","journal-title":"Applied Mechanic and Materials","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_388_648","first-page":"5","volume":"21","journal-title":"Etnogrfica,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R38_417_608","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1386\/ijis.21.2.109_1","volume":"21","journal-title":"International Journal of Iberian Studies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1364-971X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"30","key":"R38_400_578","first-page":"11736","volume":"5","journal-title":"African Journal of Business Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_378_538","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287503253906","volume":"42","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R38_469_508","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1080\/14649360802652111","volume":"10","journal-title":"Social & Cultural Geography,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1464-9365","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R38_326_488","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1177\/1468797612461083","volume":"12","journal-title":"Tourist Studies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1468-7976","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R38_395_458","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1177\/1359183505053074","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Material Culture,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1359-1835","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R38_307_428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9841.2011.00489.x","volume":"15","journal-title":"Journal of Sociolinguistics,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1360-6441","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R38_463_358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.1093\/jdh\/epm015","volume":"20","journal-title":"Journal of Design History,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0952-4649","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R38_363_308","first-page":"359","volume":"20","journal-title":"An International Journal of Tourism and Hospitality Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R38_307_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1177\/135676670401000403","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Vacation Marketing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1356-7667","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_445_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1177\/0097700405282348","volume":"32","journal-title":"Modern China,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0097-7004","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R38_379_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.1080\/17450100802376738","volume":"3","journal-title":"Mobilities,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R38_442_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1177\/135676670401000402","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Vaca- tion Marketing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1356-7667","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_351_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1080\/15022250701231915","volume":"7","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1502-2250","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_103_668","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1177\/1468797605062714","volume":"5","journal-title":"Tourist Studies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1468-7976","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R38_211_608","first-page":"619","volume":"12","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_175_578","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1108\/10610420210419531","volume":"11","journal-title":"Journal of Product & Brand Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1061-0421","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_166_518","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2015.07.024","volume":"69","journal-title":"Journal of Business Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0148-2963","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R38_245_478","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1080\/14766825.2012.742094","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Tourism and Cultural Change,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1476-6825","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_212_448","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1080\/10462930128121","volume":"21","journal-title":"Text and Perfor- mance Quarterly,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1046-2937","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_103_428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1177\/004728759403300101","volume":"33","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_152_388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(93)90118-M","volume":"20","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_192_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1080\/14616688.2013.868031","volume":"16","journal-title":"Tourism Geographies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1461-6688","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R38_215_248","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.1177\/135676670401000404","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Vaca- tion Marketing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1356-7667","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_165_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1080\/14616680903493654","volume":"12","journal-title":"Tourism Geographies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1461-6688","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R38_204_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1080\/1528008X.2015.1115242","volume":"17","journal-title":"Journal of Quality Assurance in Hospitality and Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1528-008X","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R38_236_138","first-page":"104","volume":"41","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R38_165_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-7383(00)00064-5","volume":"28","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R38_379_338","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2014.10.014","volume":"48","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R38_497_168","first-page":"455","volume":"1","journal-title":". Espacios e Destinos Tursticos en Tiempos de Global- izacin y Crisis,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R38_97_358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhtm.2014.12.001","volume":"22","journal-title":"Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1447-6770","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R38_164_318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2012.730941","volume":"29","journal-title":"Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1054-8408","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R39_359_598","first-page":"1","volume":"23","journal-title":"Cultural Geographies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1474-4740","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"R39_345_558","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1080\/09669582.2015.1083996","volume":"24","journal-title":"Journal of Sustainable Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0966-9582","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R39_388_518","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287503257493","volume":"42","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R39_471_458","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1080\/10462930500362403","volume":"25","journal-title":"Text and Performance Quarterly,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1046-2937","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R39_457_428","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5177(02)00114-0","volume":"24","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"04","key":"R39_449_398","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2014.883351","volume":"31","journal-title":"Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1054-8408","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R39_467_358","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287510362782","volume":"50","journal-title":"Jour- nal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R39_313_348","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1016\/S0160-7383(98)00103-0","volume":"26","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R39_381_318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(95)00039-9","volume":"22","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_293_268","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.5367\/te.2014.0420","volume":"22","journal-title":"Tourism Economics,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1354-8166","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R39_312_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1002\/jtr.595","volume":"9","journal-title":"International Journal of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1099-2340","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"7","key":"R39_293_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2013.820259","volume":"19","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1368-3500","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_451_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.annals.2011.06.006","volume":"39","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_107_618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/21568316.2013.839471","volume":"11","journal-title":"Tourism Planning & Development,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R39_98_588","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287504263031","volume":"42","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R39_100_558","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1177\/135676670401000407","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Vacation Marketing,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1356-7667","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"R39_197_498","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1177\/0047287513517420","volume":"53","journal-title":"Journal of Travel Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0047-2875","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"6","key":"R39_65_468","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"663","DOI":"10.1080\/13683500.2016.1265487","volume":"21","journal-title":"Current Issues in Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1368-3500","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R39_113_438","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1080\/14616680801999992","volume":"10","journal-title":"Tourism Geographies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1461-6688","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_65_388","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1080\/15022250.2017.1354717","volume":"19","journal-title":"Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1502-2250","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R39_86_338","first-page":"404","volume":"28","journal-title":"An International Journal of Tourism and Hospital- ity Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"3","key":"R39_232_298","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1080\/02614369400390141","volume":"13","journal-title":"Leisure Studies,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-4367","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_97_278","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(93)90116-K","volume":"20","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"2","key":"R39_65_258","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1086\/208956","volume":"10","journal-title":"Journal of Consumer Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0093-5301","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_94_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/0160-7383(93)90117-L","volume":"20","journal-title":"Annals of Tourism Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0160-7383","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"1","key":"R39_99_208","first-page":"68","volume":"2","journal-title":"International Journal of Innovative Manage- ment, Information & Production,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"5","key":"R39_65_148","first-page":"5","volume":"15","journal-title":"Electronic Commerce Research,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1389-5753","issn-type":"print"},{"issue":"4","key":"R39_101_98","first-page":"409","volume":"64","journal-title":"Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R39_328_628","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.egypro.2011.03.415","volume":"5","journal-title":"Energy Procedia,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/1751-1577","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R39_358_288","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6989(00)00005-9","volume":"8","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0969-6989","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R39_326_238","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2014.05.005","volume":"45","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R39_65_538","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tourman.2011.10.007","volume":"33","journal-title":"Tourism Management,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0261-5177","issn-type":"print"},{"key":"R39_132_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1016\/S0969-6989(03)00051-1","volume":"11","journal-title":"Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,","ISSN":"https:\/\/id.crossref.org\/issn\/0969-6989","issn-type":"print"}],"container-title":["Tourism Culture &amp; Communication"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/cog\/tcc\/2023\/00000023\/00000004\/art00003","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,16]],"date-time":"2023-12-16T04:33:38Z","timestamp":1702701218000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ingentaconnect.com\/content\/10.3727\/109830422X16600594683544"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]},"references-count":114,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]}},"alternative-id":["1098-304X(20231211)23:4L.333;1-"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3727\/109830422x16600594683544","relation":{},"ISSN":["1098-304X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1098-304X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]]}}}