{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T03:08:04Z","timestamp":1789873684737,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,26]],"date-time":"2014-02-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1393372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Appl Plant Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>Premise of the study:<\/jats:italic> An efficient and inexpensive system was developed to produce smoke solutions from plant material to research the influence of water\u2010soluble compounds from smoke on seed germination.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>Methods and Results:<\/jats:italic> Smoke solutions (300 mL per batch) were produced by burning small quantities (100\u2013200 g) of dried plant material from a range of species in a bee smoker attached by a heater hose to a side\u2010arm flask. The flask was attached to a vacuum water aspirator, to pull the smoke through the water. The entire apparatus was operated in a laboratory fume hood.<\/jats:p><jats:p>\u2022 <jats:italic>Conclusions:<\/jats:italic> Compared with other smoke solution preparation systems, the system described is easy to assemble and operate, inexpensive to build, and effective at producing smoke solutions from desired species in a small indoor space. Quantitative measurements can be made when using this system, allowing for replication of the process.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3732\/apps.1300097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,26]],"date-time":"2014-02-26T05:20:15Z","timestamp":1393392015000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["An effective system to produce smoke solutions from dried plant tissue for seed germination studies"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Janice","family":"Coons","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nancy","family":"Coutant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Lawrence","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Finn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_4_2_1","volume-title":"Seed ecology of federally threatened Pinguicula ionantha (Godfrey's butterwort)","author":"Annis J.","year":"2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_4_3_1","volume-title":"Seeds ecology, biogeography, and evolution of dormancy and germination","author":"Baskin C. 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