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Neurostimulation therapies include electrical stimulation that targets the circuitry-level connection in important brain areas such as the hippocampus to induce therapeutic neuromodulation of dysfunctional neural circuitry and electromagnetic field (EMF) stimulation that targets anti-amyloid molecular pathways to promote the degradation of beta-amyloid (A\u03b2). These devices target specific or diffuse cortical and subcortical brain areas to modulate neuronal activity at the electrophysiological or molecular pathway level, providing therapeutic effects for AD. This review attempts to determine the most effective and safe neurostimulation device for AD and provides an overview of potential and current clinical indications. Several EMF devices have shown a beneficial or harmful effect in cell cultures and animal models but not in AD human studies. These contradictory results may be related to the stimulation parameters of these devices, such as frequency, penetration depth, power deposition measured by specific absorption rate, time of exposure, type of cell, and tissue dielectric properties. Based on this, determining the optimal stimulation parameters for EMF devices in AD and understanding their mechanism of action is essential to promote their clinical application, our review suggests that repeated EMF stimulation (REMFS) is the most appropriate device for human AD treatments. Before its clinical application, it is necessary to consider the complicated and interconnected genetic and epigenetic effects of REMFS-biological system interaction. This will move forward the urgently needed therapy of EMF in human AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.37349\/en.2025.100674","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T19:54:54Z","timestamp":1740513294000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/open_exploration_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Neurostimulation devices to treat Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.37349","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0068-5252","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe P.","family":"Perez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brett","family":"Walker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of General Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge","family":"Morisaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haitham","family":"Kanakri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maher","family":"Rizkalla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"21850","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"2022 Alzheimer\u2019s disease facts and figures. 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