{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T09:41:54Z","timestamp":1778233314358,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":166,"publisher":"Open Exploration Publishing","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/Open_Exploration_Crossmark_Policy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) has a dismal prognosis, with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 10%. Platinum-based chemotherapy has been the backbone of the first-line treatment of aUC for over 40 years. Only in the last decade, the treatment of aUC has evolved and been enriched with new classes of drugs that demonstrated pivotal improvements in terms of oncological responses and, ultimately, survival. Thus, the approach to aUC is becoming more and more tailored to the single patient, particularly owing to targeted therapies, such as fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting TROP2 and Nectin-4, anti-Her-2 therapies and others. However, due to the rapidly evolving scenario, the optimal sequence of systemic treatment is unknown and several important research questions remain unanswered, including the identification of reliable biomarkers to guide treatment decisions. Through ongoing research and clinical trials, we can continue to refine personalized treatment strategies and ultimately enhance patient care in this challenging disease setting. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the current and emerging landscape of targeted therapies for aUC. We delved into the opportunities and challenges presented by personalized treatment approaches and explored potential future directions in this rapidly evolving field.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.37349\/etat.2024.00279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T08:04:42Z","timestamp":1732176282000},"page":"1326-1364","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/open_exploration_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Targeted therapies and molecular targets in the therapeutic landscape of advanced urothelial carcinoma: state of the art and future perspectives"],"prefix":"10.37349","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Irene","family":"Testi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43123 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giulia Claire","family":"Giudice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Oncology Unit, University Hospital of Parma, 43123 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Salfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martino","family":"Pedrani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, 20162 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Merler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Institute of Oncology Research (IOR), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Section of Innovation Biomedicine-Oncology Area, Department of Engineering for Innovation Medicine, University of Verona and Verona University Hospital Trust, 37129 Verona, Italy; Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Turco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Tortola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ursula","family":"Vogl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland (IOSI), Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"21850","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Cancer Stat Facts: Bladder Cancer [Internet]. 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