{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T12:02:20Z","timestamp":1793188940724,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Open Exploration Publishing","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Explor Target Antitumor Ther"],"accepted":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:p xml:lang=\"en\">Aim: Oligoprogressive disease (OPD) has emerged as a clinically relevant and common scenario in oncology, reflecting progression in a limited number of metastatic sites while systemic therapy continues to control the majority of disease. Despite its increasing recognition, the definition, diagnostic approach, and management of OPD remain poorly standardized. Methods: A multidisciplinary expert panel from Kazakhstan and international faculty, including ten medical oncologists, radiation, and surgical oncologists, participated in a structured survey. The questionnaire consisted of 15 items divided into three domains: definition of OPD, diagnostic evaluation, and treatment strategies. Responses were analyzed, and consensus was defined as \u2265 70% agreement, relative agreement as 50\u201369%, and lack of consensus as &lt; 50%. Results: Consensus was reached that OPD is defined as progression in a limited number of lesions while other sites remain controlled, regardless of lesion size or localization. No consensus was achieved regarding the maximum number of progressive lesions, with experts divided between \u201c\u2264 5 lesions\u201d and \u201cany number amenable to local therapy.\u201d Imaging with CT or PET-CT was considered sufficient. Biopsy and molecular testing were recommended only in selected contexts. Systemic therapy continuation during OPD was endorsed if effective, with strong support for local therapy, particularly stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SBRT\/SABR). Divergence remained regarding the management of repeat OPD. Conclusions: This Kazakhstan Cancer Society consensus defines the fundamental clinical features of OPD and provides practical recommendations for diagnosis and treatment. Comparison with international guidelines reveals broad alignment on systemic continuation and local therapy, as well as persistent variation regarding lesion number, biopsy, and repeat OPD management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.37349\/etat.2026.1002392","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T05:29:16Z","timestamp":1785907756000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/open_exploration_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Consensus statements on the definition, diagnosis, and management of oligoprogressive disease: results of an expert survey of Kazakhstan Cancer Society"],"prefix":"10.37349","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0969-5983","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilyara","family":"Kaidarova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Republic of Kazakhstan; Kazakhstan Cancer Society, Almaty 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8312-0558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Indira","family":"Omarova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karaganda Medical University, Karaganda 100012, Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4950-9794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samat","family":"Kaldarbekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty 050012, Republic of Kazakhstan; Kazakhstan Cancer Society, Almaty 050040, Republic of Kazakhstan; Outpatient Department, Zhambyl Regional Multidisciplinary Oncology and Surgery Center, Taraz 080000, Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5500-1495","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nazgul","family":"Omarbayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Breast Cancer Department, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050022, Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7594-2639","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maia","family":"Dzhugashvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, GenesisCare, Madrid 28010, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2701-8812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Ulrikh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0804-7536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dina","family":"Alisheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Almaty Oncology Center, Almaty 050054, Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2297-9805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bakhadyr","family":"Bereketov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urological Oncology, Kazakh Institute of Oncology and Radiology, Almaty 050022, Republic of Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7357-0392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilya","family":"Tsimafeyeu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bureau for Cancer Research, New York, NY 10032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7923-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timur","family":"Mitin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"21850","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2830","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.20.00818","article-title":"Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for the Comprehensive Treatment of Oligometastatic Cancers: Long-Term Results of the SABR-COMET Phase II Randomized Trial","volume":"38","author":"Palma","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2025.43.16_suppl.tps4620","article-title":"A randomized phase 2 study of the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma and oligoprogression on maintenance therapy with avelumab (VOLGA 2)","volume":"43","author":"Tsimafeyeu","year":"2025","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"936","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2014.06.053","article-title":"Systematic Evaluation of the Prognostic Impact and Intratumour Heterogeneity of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma Biomarkers","volume":"66","author":"Gulati","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur Urol"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14174326","article-title":"Clone Phylogenetics Reveals Metastatic Tumor Migrations, Maps, and Models","volume":"14","author":"Chroni","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancers"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urolonc.2025.110989","article-title":"Distinct pathways of disease progression with dual checkpoint blockade versus immunotargeted therapy in metastatic renal cell carcinoma","volume":"44","author":"Tsimafeyeu","year":"2026","journal-title":"Urol Oncol: Semin Orig Investig"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iotech.2024.100725","article-title":"A novel anti-FGFR1 monoclonal antibody OM-RCA-01 exhibits potent antitumor activity and enhances the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in lung cancer models","volume":"23","author":"Tsimafeyeu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Immuno-Oncol Technol"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1007\/s10147-025-02776-4","article-title":"Stereotactic body radiotherapy for oligometastatic disease: current evidence and future perspectives","volume":"30","author":"Imano","year":"2025","journal-title":"Int J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2023.109681","article-title":"EGFR-TKIs plus stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for stage IV Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): A prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled phase II study","volume":"184","author":"Peng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/esmoopen-2019-000535","article-title":"Stereotactic body radiation therapy in combination with systemic therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a prospective multicentre study","volume":"4","author":"Dengina","year":"2019","journal-title":"ESMO Open"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/jco.2022.40.16_suppl.1007","article-title":"NRG-BR002: A phase IIR\/III trial of standard of care systemic therapy with or without stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) and\/or surgical resection (SR) for newly oligometastatic breast cancer (NCT02364557)","volume":"40","author":"Chmura","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prro.2023.04.004","article-title":"Treatment of Oligometastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: An ASTRO\/ESTRO Clinical Practice Guideline","volume":"13","author":"Iyengar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pract Radiat Oncol"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radonc.2020.04.003","article-title":"Defining oligometastatic disease from a radiation oncology perspective: An ESTRO-ASTRO consensus document","volume":"148","author":"Lievens","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiother Oncol"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e193","DOI":"10.1016\/s1470-2045(24)00023-8","article-title":"Delphi consensus on stereotactic ablative radiotherapy for oligometastatic and oligoprogressive renal cell carcinoma\u2014a European Society for Radiotherapy and Oncology study endorsed by the European Association of Urology","volume":"25","author":"Marvaso","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Oncol"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2024.103756","article-title":"6th and 7th International consensus guidelines for the management of advanced breast cancer (ABC guidelines 6 and 7)","volume":"76","author":"Cardoso","year":"2024","journal-title":"Breast"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e81","DOI":"10.3747\/co.26.4116","article-title":"Canadian Consensus: Oligoprogressive, Pseudoprogressive, and Oligometastatic Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer","volume":"26","author":"Laurie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Curr Oncol"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radmp.2025.05.001","article-title":"Radiation Oncology Physician Branch, Chinese Medical Doctor Association; Radiation Oncology Branch, Chinese Medical Association; Professional Commitee of Radiation Oncology, China Anti-Cancer Association; Expert Committee of Esophageal Cancer, Chinese Cancer Radiotherapy Alliance; Radiotherapy Sub-Committee, Professional Commitee of Elderly Oncology, Gerontological Society of China. Expert consensus on radiotherapy for oligometastatic esophageal cancer (2025 edition)","volume":"6","year":"2025","journal-title":"Radiat Med Prot"}],"container-title":["Exploration of Targeted Anti-tumor Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T05:29:18Z","timestamp":1785907758000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.explorationpub.com\/Journals\/etat\/Article\/1002392"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"references-count":16,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.37349\/etat.2026.1002392","archive":["Portico","Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2692-3114"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2692-3114","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-04-13","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-07-23","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published Online","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"1002392"}}