{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,13]],"date-time":"2025-11-13T06:36:04Z","timestamp":1763015764621},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]],"date-time":"2019-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564617600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Current Oncology"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: We report our institution\u2019s treatment techniques, disease outcomes, and complication rates after radiotherapy for the management of anal canal carcinoma with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (imrt) and concurrent chemotherapy relative to prior cases managed with 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-crt). Methods: In a retrospective review of the medical records of 21 patients diagnosed with biopsy-proven stage i (23%), stage ii (27%), or stage iii (50%) squamous-cell carcinoma of the anal canal treated with curative chemotherapy and imrt between July 2009 and December 2014, patient outcomes were determined. Results for patients treated with 3D-crt by the same group were previously reported. The median initial radiation dose to the pelvic and inguinal nodes at risk was 45 Gy (range: 36\u201350.4 Gy), and the median total dose, including local anal canal primary tumour boost, was 59.4 Gy (range: 41.4\u201361.2 Gy). Patients received those doses over a median of 32 fractions (range: 23\u201334 fractions). Chemotherapy consisted of 2 cycles of concurrent fluorouracil\u2013cisplatin (45%) or fluorouracil\u2013mitomycin C (55%). Results: Median follow-up was 3.1 years (range: 0.38\u20136.4 years). The mean includes a patient who died of septic shock at 38 days. The 3-year rates of overall survival, metastasis-free survival, locoregional control, and colostomy-free survival were 95%, 100%, 100%, and 100% respectively. No patients underwent abdominoperitoneal resection after chemoradiotherapy or required diverting colostomy during or after treatment. Those outcomes compare favourably with the previously published series that used 3D-crt with or without brachytherapy in treating anal canal cancers. Of the 21 patients in the present series, 10 (48%) experienced acute grade 3, 4, or 5 toxicities related to treatment. Conclusions: The recommended use of imrt with concurrent chemotherapy as an improvement over 3D-crt for management of anal canal carcinoma achieves a high probability of local control and colostomy-free survival without excessive risk for acute or late treatment-related toxicities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3747\/co.26.4311","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,16]],"date-time":"2019-10-16T22:18:51Z","timestamp":1571264331000},"page":"515-521","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Outcomes after Intensity-Modulated Compared with 3-Dimensional Conformal Radiotherapy with Chemotherapy for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M.S.","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.E.","family":"Hitchcock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C.G.","family":"Morris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T.J.","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W.M.","family":"Mendenhall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.A.","family":"Zlotecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"container-title":["Current Oncology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/current-oncology.com\/index.php\/oncology\/article\/viewFile\/4311\/3919","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/current-oncology.com\/index.php\/oncology\/article\/viewFile\/4311\/3987","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/26\/4\/4311\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,19]],"date-time":"2021-02-19T13:25:29Z","timestamp":1613741129000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/1718-7729\/26\/4\/4311"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8]]}},"alternative-id":["co.26.4311"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3747\/co.26.4311","relation":{},"ISSN":["1718-7729"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1718-7729","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,1]]}}}