{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T18:31:33Z","timestamp":1790361093685,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]],"date-time":"2015-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1420070400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perit Dial Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peritonitis remains a common complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Although representing only 1 \u2013 12% of overall peritonitis in dialysis patients, fungal peritonitis (FP) is associated with serious complications, including technique failure and death. Only scarce data have been published regarding FP outcomes in modern cohorts in North America. In this study we evaluated the rates, characteristics and outcomes of FP in a major North American PD center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study including all fungal peritonitis episodes among peritoneal dialysis patients followed in a large PD center between January 2000 and February 2013. Our pre-specified end-points included rates of FP, characteristics, outcomes and determinants of death.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Thirty-six episodes of FP were identified during the follow-up period (one episode per 671 patient-months), representing 4.5% of the total peritonitis events. Patients\u2019 mean age and peritoneal dialysis vintage were 61.3 \u00b1 15.5 and 2.9 (1.5 \u2013 4.8) years, respectively. Of the 36 episodes of FP, seven (19%) resulted in death and 17 (47%) led to technique failure with permanent transfer to hemodialysis. Surprisingly, PD was eventually resumed in 33% of cases with a median delay of 15 weeks (interquartile range 8 \u2013 23) between FP and catheter reinsertion. In a univariable analysis, a higher Charlson comorbidity index (Odds ratio [OR] 3.25 per unit increase, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.23 \u2013 8.58) and PD fluid white blood cell (WBC) count greater than 3,000\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      at presentation (OR 6.56, 95% CI 1.05 \u2013 40.95) predicted death.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>While fungal peritonitis is still associated with a high frequency of death and technique failure, one-third of our patients eventually returned to PD. Patients with a high burden of comorbidities appear at higher risk of death. We postulate that the high mortality associated with FP is partially related to the severity of comorbidity among patients with F P, rather than the infection per se. Importantly, PD can be resumed in a significant proportion of cases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,2,5]],"date-time":"2014-02-05T00:40:51Z","timestamp":1391560851000},"page":"78-84","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Characteristics and Outcomes of Fungal Peritonitis in a Modern North American Cohort"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"Annie-Claire","family":"Nadeau-Fredette","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Nephrology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanne M","family":"Bargman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, Division of Nephrology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2009.00057"},{"key":"bibr2-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.09.016"},{"key":"bibr3-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080902902S31"},{"key":"bibr4-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.2009.202"},{"key":"bibr5-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08860220802546446"},{"key":"bibr6-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(03)00119-1"},{"key":"bibr7-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000328735"},{"key":"bibr8-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.1519"},{"key":"bibr9-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.2000.19833"},{"key":"bibr10-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2011.00057"},{"key":"bibr11-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2008.00189"},{"key":"bibr12-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080702700512"},{"key":"bibr13-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080002000319"},{"key":"bibr14-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"bibr15-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0272-6386(03)00415-3"},{"key":"bibr16-pdi.2013.00179","first-page":"338","volume":"18","author":"Castillo A.A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Perit Dial Int"},{"key":"bibr17-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11255-010-9763-2"},{"key":"bibr18-pdi.2013.00179","first-page":"213","volume":"39","author":"Predari S.C.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rev Argent Microbiol"},{"key":"bibr19-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2012.00024"},{"key":"bibr20-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2010.00049"},{"key":"bibr21-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080702700221"},{"key":"bibr22-pdi.2013.00179","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080302302s25"}],"container-title":["Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T05:21:32Z","timestamp":1777612892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3747\/pdi.2013.00179","relation":{},"ISSN":["0896-8608","1718-4304"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0896-8608","type":"print"},{"value":"1718-4304","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1]]}}}