{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T10:19:11Z","timestamp":1777889951154,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,1]],"date-time":"2016-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1467331200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perit Dial Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Burkholderia cepacia is a hardy bacterium with intrinsic resistance to multiple antibiotics and high transmissibility. Opportunistic healthcare-associated B. cepacia infections among immunocompromised or critically ill patients have been reported, but there is limited data on the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of exit-site infection (ESI) in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients who suffered from B. cepacia ESI from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2014 were reviewed. The clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of the patients and the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the bacterial isolates were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty-two patients were included for analysis. Eight patients (36.4%) had medical conditions which impaired host immunity, while 7 (31.8%) had pre-existing skin abnormalities. Three patients (13.6%) progressed to tunnel-tract infection and another 3 patients (13.6%) developed associated peritonitis. Fifteen patients (68.2%) responded to medical treatment while 7 (31.8%) required catheter removal. Eleven patients (50.0%) had recurrent B. cepacia ESI, which occurred at 7.8 months (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.1 \u2013 19.4 months) after the first episode. Most B. cepacia strains were susceptible to ceftazidime (95.5%), piperacillin\/tazobactam (95.5%), and piperacillin (90.9%). Besides aminoglycosides (80 \u2013 100%), high rates of resistance were also observed for ticarcillin\/clavulanate (90.9%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Burkholderia cepacia ESI is associated with low rates of tunnel-tract infection or peritonitis, but the risk of recurrence is high. Most cases can be managed with medical treatment alone, although one third of patients might require catheter removal.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2015.00122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,22]],"date-time":"2015-10-22T23:19:20Z","timestamp":1445555960000},"page":"390-394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["<i>Burkholderia Cepacia<\/i>\n                    Exit-Site Infection in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients\u2014Clinical Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Desmond Y.H.","family":"Yap","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasper F.W.","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terence","family":"Yip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maggie M.Y.","family":"Mok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lorraine P.Y.","family":"Kwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wai Kei","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Renal Unit, Department of Medicine, Tung Wah Hospital, Hong Kong"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tak Mao","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Division, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong 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