{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T23:45:36Z","timestamp":1783727136833,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]],"date-time":"2016-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1477958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perit Dial Int"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incidence of bacteremia and fungemia (BAF) is largely unknown in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients initiating peritoneal dialysis (PD).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The main objective was to estimate and compare incidence rates of first episodes of BAF in incident PD patients and a comparison cohort. A secondary objective was to compare causative agents and 30-day post-BAF mortality between PD patients and the comparison cohort.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Design: Observational cohort study. Setting: Central and North Denmark regions. Participants: patients who initiated PD during 1995 \u2013 2010. For each patient we sampled up to 10 controls from the general population matched on age, sex, and municipality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main outcome<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data on positive blood cultures were retrieved from electronic microbiology databases covering the 2 regions. We calculated incidence rates (IRs) of first-time BAF for PD patients and population controls. Incidence-rate ratios (IRRs) were calculated to compare these rates. Thirty-day mortality was estimated by Kaplan-Meier analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among 1,024 PD patients and 10,215 population controls, we identified 75 and 282 episodes of BAF, respectively. Incidence rates of BAF were 4.7 (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.8 \u2013 5.9) per 100 person-years of follow-up (PYFU) in PD patients and 0.5 (95% CI, 0.4 \u2013 0.5) per 100 PYFU in population controls (IRR = 10.4; 95% CI, 8.1 \u2013 13.5). In PD patients, the most frequent microorganisms were Escherichia coli (18.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (13.3%). Escherichia coli (27.3%) also ranked first among population controls. Thirty-day mortality following BAF was 20.8% (95% CI, 12.6 \u2013 31.0) and 20.7% (95% CI, 16.3 \u2013 25.9) among PD patients and population controls, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Peritoneal dialysis patients are at markedly higher risk of BAF than population controls. Causative agents and the 30-day post-BAF mortality were similar in the 2 cohorts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.3747\/pdi.2015.00197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,5]],"date-time":"2016-05-05T00:58:35Z","timestamp":1462409915000},"page":"647-654","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Risk and Prognosis of Bacteremia and Fungemia among Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: A Population-Based Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Lars Skov","family":"Dalgaard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mette","family":"N\u00f8rgaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johan Vestergaard","family":"Povlsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bente","family":"Jespersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S\u00f8ren","family":"Jensen-Fangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Svend","family":"Ellermann-Eriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lars","family":"\u00d8stergaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henrik Carl","family":"Sch\u00f8nheyder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ole Schmeltz","family":"S\u00f8gaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1488"},{"key":"bibr2-pdi.2015.00197","volume-title":"USRDS 2013 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States.","author":"National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, US Renal Data System (USRDS)","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr3-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.jrn.2011.10.020"},{"key":"bibr4-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1755.2005.00414.x"},{"key":"bibr5-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2007.06.005"},{"key":"bibr6-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.01230406"},{"key":"bibr7-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ASN.0000119144.95922.C4"},{"key":"bibr8-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.51.7111"},{"key":"bibr9-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"SnellJ.J. Statistics Denmark [Availablel at http:\/\/www.statbank.dk\/statbank5a\/default.asp?w=1920: updated 3 december 2013; cited 2013 2 December 2013]."},{"key":"bibr10-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-12-139"},{"key":"bibr11-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6553(88)90053-3"},{"key":"bibr12-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(87)90171-8"},{"key":"bibr13-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1403494811404278"},{"key":"bibr14-pdi.2015.00197","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e318225c2be"},{"key":"bibr15-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"DalgaardL. Causal diagram. Sex. PD. [Online.] Available at: http:\/\/dagitty.net\/dags.html?id=JYM6wA2015. Accessed 2015."},{"key":"bibr16-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"DalgaardL. Causal diagram. Age. PD. [Online.] Available at: http:\/\/dagitty.net\/dags.html?id=a7D4lC2015. Accessed 2015."},{"key":"bibr17-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"DalgaardL. Causal diagram. Diabetes. PD. [Online.] Available at: http:\/\/dagitty.net\/dags.html?id=ARwOBK2015. Accessed 2015."},{"key":"bibr18-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"DalgaardL. Causal diagram. Type of PD. [Online.] Available at: http:\/\/dagitty.net\/dags.html?id=ajA6OR# 2015. Accessed 2015."},{"key":"bibr19-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"DalgaardL. Causal diagram. Renal replacement therapy before PD. [Online.] Available at: http:\/\/dagitty.net\/dags.html?id=Grp2GI 2015. Accessed 2015."},{"key":"bibr20-pdi.2015.00197","unstructured":"DalgaardL. Causal diagram. Period of first PD. [Online.] Available at: http:\/\/dagitty.net\/dags.html?id=oC5NYV2015. 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