{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T06:37:07Z","timestamp":1778308627125,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.","issue":"43","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["WJG"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i43.6800","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,10,16]],"date-time":"2015-10-16T13:24:50Z","timestamp":1445001890000},"page":"6800","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Pregnancy is not a risk factor for gallstone disease: Results of a randomly selected population sample"],"prefix":"10.3748","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"Walcher","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"2060","reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9610(05)80929-8"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.01.025"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Diehl AK. Epidemiology and natural history of gallstone disease. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1991;20:1-19.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00531-8"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.32978"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2036.2003.01439.x"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0096(199901)27:1<1::AID-JCU1>3.0.CO;2-H"},{"key":"ref7","unstructured":"Everhart JE. US government printing office. US government printing 1994;647-649."},{"key":"ref8","unstructured":"Hall MJ, Owings MF. 2000 National Hospital Discharge Survey. Adv Data 2002;1-18."},{"key":"ref9","unstructured":"Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. Morbidit?t - Krankenhausf?lle und Arbeitsunf?higkeit. Daten des Gesundheitswesens Baden-Baden: Nomos; 1993;34-43."},{"key":"ref10","unstructured":"Bundesministerium für Gesundheit. Gallensteine (ICD 574). Ern?hrungsabh?ngige Krankheiten und ihre Kosten Baden-Baden: Nomos; 1993;187-193."},{"key":"ref11","unstructured":"Safer L, Bdioui F, Braham A, Ben Salem K, Soltani MS, Bchir A, Saffar H. [Epidemiology of cholelithiasis in central Tunisia. Prevalence and associated factors in a nonselected population]. Gastroenterol Clin Biol 2000;24:883-887."},{"key":"ref12","unstructured":"Walker AR, Segal I, Posner R, Shein H, Tsotetsi NG, Walker AJ. Prevalence of gallstones in elderly black women in Soweto, Johannesburg, as assessed by ultrasound. Am J Gastroenterol 1989;84:1383-1385."},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shi JS, Ma JY, Zhu LH, Pan BR, Wang ZR, Ma LS. Studies on gallstone in China. World J Gastroenterol 2001;7:593-596.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v7.i5.593"},{"key":"ref14","unstructured":"Zhao Y, Zhang R, Hu Y, Li R, Liang L, Gang Y. An epidemiological survey of gallstones with gray-scale ultrasound. HuaXi YiKe DaXue XueBao 1990;21:217-220."},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.30.2.201"},{"key":"ref16","unstructured":"Dhar SC, Ansari S, Saha M, Ahmad MM, Rahman MT, Hasan M, Khan AK. Gallstone disease in a rural Bangladeshi community. Indian J Gastroenterol 2001;20:223-226."},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nomura H, Kashiwagi S, Hayashi J, Kajiyama W, Ikematsu H, Noguchi A, Tani S, Goto M. Prevalence of gallstone disease in a general population of Okinawa, Japan. Am J Epidemiol 1988;128:598-605.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115007"},{"key":"ref18","unstructured":"Zhu X, Zhang S, Huang Z. [The trend of the gallstone disease in China over the past decade]. Zhonghua WaiKe ZaZhi 1995;33:652-658."},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1018816109905"},{"key":"ref20","unstructured":"Kratzer W, Kron M, Hay B, Pfeiffer MM, Kächele V. Prevalence of cholecystolithiasis in South Germany--an ultrasound study of 2,498 persons of a rural population. Z Gastroenterol 1999;37:1157-1162."},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840070520"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01730363"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004836-199010000-00011"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Attili AF, Carulli N, Roda E, Barbara B, Capocaccia L, Menotti A, Okoliksanyi L, Ricci G, Capocaccia R, Festi D. Epidemiology of gallstone disease in Italy: prevalence data of the Multicenter Italian Study on Cholelithiasis (M.I.COL.). Am J Epidemiol 1995;141:158-165.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a117403"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Méndez-Sánchez N, Chavez-Tapia NC, Motola-Kuba D, Sanchez-Lara K, Ponciano-Rodríguez G, Baptista H, Ramos MH, Uribe M. Metabolic syndrome as a risk factor for gallstone disease. World J Gastroenterol 2005;11:1653-1657.","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v11.i11.1653"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365529509093293"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.32.3.316"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0800781"},{"key":"ref29","unstructured":"Barbara L, Festi D, Morselli AM, Labate , Roda E, Rusticali AG et al. The sirmione study: familial frequency of gallstone disease. Hepatology 1984;4:1086."},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1066716"},{"key":"ref31","unstructured":"Sarin SK, Negi VS, Dewan R, Sasan S, Saraya A. High familial prevalence of gallstones in the first-degree relatives of gallstone patients. Hepatology 1995;22:138-141."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prevalence of gallstone disease in an Italian adult female population. Rome Group for the Epidemiology and Prevention of Cholelithiasis (GREPCO). Am J Epidemiol 1984;119:796-805.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113800"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.29.4.433"},{"key":"ref34","unstructured":"Hossain GA, Islam SM, Mahmood S, Chakrabarty RK, Akhter N. Gall stone in pregnancy. Mymensingh Med J 2003;12:112-116."},{"key":"ref35","unstructured":"WHO Expert Committee on. Physical status: the use and interpretation of anthropometry. Report of a WHO Expert Committee. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 1995;854:1-452."},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hosmer DWJr, Lemeshow S. Applied logistic regression New York: Wiley;; 1989;.","DOI":"10.2307\/2531779"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ije\/5.4.335"},{"key":"ref38","unstructured":"Prathnadi P, Miki M, Suprasert S. Incidence of cholelithiasis in the northern part of Thailand. J Med Assoc Thai 1992;75:462-470."},{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0021932000017302"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365528708991963"},{"key":"ref41","unstructured":"Berndt H, Nürnberg D, Pannwitz H. [Prevalence of cholelithiasis. Results of an epidemiologic study using sonography in East Germany]. Z Gastroenterol 1989;27:662-666."},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(66)90132-9"},{"key":"ref43","unstructured":"Basso L, McCollum PT, Darling MR, Tocchi A, Tanner WA. A study of cholelithiasis during pregnancy and its relationship with age, parity, menarche, breast-feeding, dysmenorrhea, oral contraception and a maternal history of cholelithiasis. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1992;175:41-46."},{"key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jørgensen T. Prevalence of gallstones in a Danish population. Am J Epidemiol 1987;126:912-921.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114728"},{"key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0021-9681(85)90100-6"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thijs C, Knipschild P, Leffers P. Pregnancy and gallstone disease: an empiric demonstration of the importance of specification of risk periods. Am J Epidemiol 1991;134:186-195.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116071"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.36.4.274"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01299828"},{"key":"ref49","unstructured":"Valdivieso V, Covarrubias C, Siegel F, Cruz F. Pregnancy and cholelithiasis: pathogenesis and natural course of gallstones diagnosed in early puerperium. Hepatology 1993;17:1-4."},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.4995.732"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197012172832502"},{"key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198908313210902"},{"key":"ref53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.289.6450.1002"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6487.11"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.288.6433.1795"}],"container-title":["World Journal of Gastroenterology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1007-9327\/full\/v11\/i43\/6800.htm","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]],"date-time":"2022-05-23T12:08:29Z","timestamp":1653307709000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/www.wjgnet.com\/1007-9327\/full\/v11\/i43\/6800.htm"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2005]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"43","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3748\/wjg.v11.i43.6800","relation":{},"ISSN":["1007-9327"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1007-9327","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2005]]}}}