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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), an immune-mediated gastrointestinal inflammatory, is increasingly recognized as having multiple stages of development, similar to other inflammatory diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis). EBV, a commonly encountered opportunistic infection in IBD, can cause rapid disease progression loss of response to drug treatment, and induction of lymphoid tissue proliferative diseases or EBV-associated lymphomas, and may even lead to death in affected patients. 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