{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T15:05:39Z","timestamp":1780326339059,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563235200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atten Percept Psychophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]},"DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-019-01816-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]],"date-time":"2019-07-16T15:02:53Z","timestamp":1563289373000},"page":"1221-1229","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Can unconscious sequential integration of semantic information occur when the prime Chinese characters are displayed from left to right?"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"82","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9111-2398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shen","family":"Tu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simin","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jerwen","family":"Jou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yidan","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weigang","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4724","key":"1816_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1126\/science.4048942","volume":"230","author":"RA Andersen","year":"1985","unstructured":"Andersen, R. A., Essick, G. K., & Siegel, R. M. (1985). Encoding of spatial location by posterior parietal neurons. Science, 230(4724), 456\u2013458.","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"1816_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797613499591","volume":"25","author":"A Atas","year":"2013","unstructured":"Atas, A., Faivre, N., Timmermans, B., Cleeremans, A., & Kouider, S. (2013). Nonconscious learning from crowded sequences. Psychological Science, 25(1), 113\u2013119.","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"1816_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/S1364-6613(03)00056-1","volume":"7","author":"BJ Baars","year":"2003","unstructured":"Baars, B. J., & Franklin, S. (2003). How conscious experience and working memory interact. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 7(4), 166\u2013172.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"1816_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Casali, A. G., Gosseries, O., Rosanova, M., Boly, M., Sarasso, S., Casali, K. R., . . . Massimini, M. (2013). A theoretically based index of consciousness independent of sensory processing and behavior. Science Translational Medicine, 5, 198ra105. doi:\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006294","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.3006294"},{"key":"1816_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"275","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8721.2009.01651.x","volume":"18","author":"CM Conway","year":"2009","unstructured":"Conway, C. M., Pisoni, D. B., & Kronenberger, W. G. (2009). The importance of sound for cognitive sequencing abilities. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 18, 275\u2013279.","journal-title":"Current Directions in Psychological Science"},{"key":"1816_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(72)90007-2","volume":"3","author":"CJ Darwin","year":"1972","unstructured":"Darwin, C. J., Turvey, M. T., & Crowder, R. G. (1972). An auditory analog of the Sperling partial report procedure: Evidence for brief auditory storage. Cognitive Psychology, 3, 255\u2013267.","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"1816_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03204322","volume":"28","author":"CW Eriksen","year":"1980","unstructured":"Eriksen, C. W. (1980). The use of a visual mask may seriously confound your experiment. Perception & Psychophysics, 28(1), 89\u201392.","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"11","key":"1816_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2006","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797614547916","volume":"25","author":"N Faivre","year":"2014","unstructured":"Faivre, N., Mudrik, L., Schwartz, N., & Koch, C. (2014). Multisensory integration in complete unawareness. Psychological Science, 25(11), 2006\u20132016.","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"1816_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"329","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.2.329","volume":"88","author":"G Felsten","year":"1980","unstructured":"Felsten, G., & Wasserman, G. S. (1980). Visual masking: Mechanisms and theories. Psychological Bulletin, 88(2), 329\u2013353.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"1816_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1037\/h0036331","volume":"81","author":"D Freides","year":"1974","unstructured":"Freides, D. (1974). Human information processing and sensory modality: Cross-modal functions, information complexity, memory, and deficit. Psychological Bulletin, 81, 284\u2013310.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"5282","key":"1816_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1126\/science.273.5282.1699","volume":"273","author":"AG Greenwald","year":"1996","unstructured":"Greenwald, A. G., Draine, S. C., & Abrams, R. L. (1996). Three cognitive markers of unconscious semantic activation. Science, 273(5282), 1699\u20131702.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"1816_CR12","first-page":"21","volume-title":"Brain mechanisms underlying speech and language","author":"IJ Hirsh","year":"1967","unstructured":"Hirsh, I. J. (1967). Information processing in input channels for speech and language: The significance of serial order of stimuli. In F. L. Darley (Ed.), Brain mechanisms underlying speech and language (pp. 21\u201338). New York, NY: Grune & Stratton."},{"issue":"1","key":"1816_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1016\/S0926-6410(01)00085-4","volume":"13","author":"M Kiefer","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kiefer, M. (2002). The N400 is modulated by unconsciously perceived masked words: Further evidence for an automatic spreading activation account of N400 priming effects. Cognitive Brain Research, 13(1), 27\u201339.","journal-title":"Cognitive Brain Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"1816_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2006.18.2.184","volume":"18","author":"M Kiefer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kiefer, M., & Brendel, D. (2006). Attentional modulation of unconscious \u201cautomatic\u201d processes: Evidence from event-related potentials in a masked priming paradigm. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 18(2), 184\u2013198.","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"7","key":"1816_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2010.04.006","volume":"14","author":"S Kouider","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kouider, S., de Gardelle, V., Sackur, J., & Dupoux, E. (2010). How rich is consciousness? The partial awareness hypothesis. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 14(7), 301\u2013307.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"9","key":"1816_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"488","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2014.04.009","volume":"18","author":"L Mudrik","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mudrik, L., Faivre, N., & Koch, C. (2014). Information integration without awareness. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 18(9), 488\u2013496.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"8","key":"1816_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13890","volume":"47","author":"K Nakamura","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nakamura, K., Makuuchi, M., Oga, T., Mizuochiendo, T., Iwabuchi, T., Nakajima, Y., & Dehaene, S. (2018). Neural capacity limits during unconscious semantic processing. European Journal of Neuroscience, 47(8), 929\u2013937.","journal-title":"European Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"1816_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03212682","volume":"11","author":"N O\u2019Connor","year":"1972","unstructured":"O\u2019Connor, N., & Hermelin, B. (1972). Seeing and hearing in space and time. Perception & Psychophysics, 11, 46\u201348.","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"1816_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"682","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2009.12.018","volume":"19","author":"M Overgaard","year":"2010","unstructured":"Overgaard, M., Timmermans, B., Sandberg, K., & Cleeremans, A. (2010). Optimizing subjective measures of consciousness. Consciousness and Cognition, 19(2), 682\u2013684.","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"4","key":"1816_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2009.12.013","volume":"19","author":"K Sandberg","year":"2010","unstructured":"Sandberg, K., Timmermans, B., Overgaard, M., & Cleeremans, A. (2010). Measuring consciousness: Is one measure better than the other? Consciousness and Cognition, 19(4), 1069\u20131078.","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"8","key":"1816_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2008.04.008","volume":"12","author":"AK Seth","year":"2008","unstructured":"Seth, A. K., Dienes, Z., Cleeremans, A., Overgaard, M., & Pessoa, L. (2008). Measuring consciousness: Relating behavioural and neurophysiological approaches. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 12(8), 314\u2013321.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"issue":"3","key":"1816_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-016-1170-y","volume":"24","author":"DR Shanks","year":"2017","unstructured":"Shanks, D. R. (2017). Regressive research: The pitfalls of post hoc data selection in the study of unconscious mental processes. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 24(3), 752\u2013775.","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"48","key":"1816_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"19614","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1211645109","volume":"109","author":"AY Sklar","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sklar, A. Y., Levy, N., Goldstein, A., Mandel, R., Maril, A., & Hassin, R. R. (2012). Reading and doing arithmetic nonconsciously. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 109(48), 19614\u201319619.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"11","key":"1816_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/h0093759","volume":"74","author":"G Sperling","year":"1960","unstructured":"Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 74(11), 1\u201329.","journal-title":"Psychological Monographs: General and Applied"},{"key":"1816_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tu, S., Jou, J., Cui, Q., Zhao, G., Wang, K., Hitchman, G., . . . Zhang, Q. (2015). Category-selective attention interacts with partial awareness processes in a continuous manner: An fMRI study. Cogent Psychology, 2(1), 1046243. doi:\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/23311908.2015.1046243","DOI":"10.1080\/23311908.2015.1046243"},{"key":"1816_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tu, S., Liu, C., Zhu, S., Jou, J., Zhou, Y., & Wan, S. (2019). The semantic integration between two subliminally perceived words simultaneously presented at different locations. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research. Advance online publication. doi:\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10936-019-09648-9","DOI":"10.1007\/s10936-019-09648-9"},{"key":"1816_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tu, S., Zhu, S., Liang, Q., Jou, J., Wan, S., Zhao, G., . . . Jiang, Q. (2019). Unconscious integration of sequentially presented subliminal arrow pointing directions. Australian Journal of Psychology. Advance online publication. doi:\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ajpy.12252","DOI":"10.1111\/ajpy.12252"},{"key":"1816_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"van Gaal, S., Naccache, L., Meuwese, J. D., van Loon, A. M., Leighton, A. H., Cohen, L., & Dehaene, S. (2014). Can the meaning of multiple words be integrated unconsciously? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London B Biological Science, 369(1641). doi:\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098\/rstb.2013.0212","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2013.0212"},{"issue":"3","key":"1816_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.88.3.638","volume":"88","author":"RB Welch","year":"1980","unstructured":"Welch, R. B., & Warren, D. H. (1980). Immediate perceptual response to intersensory discrepancy. Psychological Bulletin, 88(3), 638\u2013667.","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"5","key":"1816_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-017-0525-9","volume":"17","author":"Y Yang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang, Y., Tien, Y., Yang, P., & Yeh, S. (2017). Role of consciousness in temporal integration of semantic information. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 17(5), 954\u2013972.","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"1816_CR31","first-page":"e149355","volume":"11","author":"J Zhou","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zhou, J., Lee, C., Li, K., Tien, Y., & Yeh, S. (2016). Does temporal integration occur for unrecognizable words in visual crowding? PLOS ONE, 11(2), e149355.","journal-title":"PLOS ONE"}],"container-title":["Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-019-01816-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-019-01816-2\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-019-01816-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,16]],"date-time":"2020-07-16T00:02:44Z","timestamp":1594857764000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.3758\/s13414-019-01816-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4]]}},"alternative-id":["1816"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-019-01816-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-3921","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"16 July 2019","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"This content has been made available to all.","name":"free","label":"Free to read"}]}}