{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T19:22:21Z","timestamp":1790018541045,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773446400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773446400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"grants for the Major Program by the National Social Science Foundation of China","award":["19ZDA043"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19ZDA043"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atten Percept Psychophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-026-03237-4","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T08:26:25Z","timestamp":1773476785000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Aesthetic liking in automatic processing: Distinct effects of perceptual and conceptual fluency"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Luyao","family":"Jiang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cheng","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyi","family":"Hao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868309341564","volume":"13","author":"AL Alter","year":"2009","unstructured":"Alter, A. L., & Oppenheimer, D. M. (2009). Uniting the tribes of fluency to form a metacognitive nation. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 13(3), 219\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1088868309341564","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Review"},{"key":"3237_CR2","unstructured":"Bai, L., Ma, H., Huang, Y. X., & Luo, Y. J. (2005). The development of native Chinese affective picture system\u2212A pretest in 46 college students. Chinese Mental Health Journal, 19(11), 4\u22127."},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1080\/10926488.2018.1481255","volume":"33","author":"LJ Ball","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ball, L. J., Threadgold, E., Marsh, J. E., & Christensen, B. T. (2018). The effects of stimulus complexity and conceptual fluency on aesthetic judgments of abstract art: Evidence for a default\u2013interventionist account. Metaphor and Symbol, 33(3), 235\u2013252. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10926488.2018.1481255","journal-title":"Metaphor and Symbol"},{"key":"3237_CR4","unstructured":"Bao, H.-W.-S. (2023). bruceR: Broadly useful convenient and efficient R functions. R package version 0.8.x. https:\/\/CRAN.R-project.org\/package=bruceR"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1037\/a0019648","volume":"4","author":"B Belke","year":"2010","unstructured":"Belke, B., Leder, H., Strobach, T., & Carbon, C.-C. (2010). Cognitive fluency: High-level processing dynamics in art appreciation. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 4(4), 214\u2013222. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0019648","journal-title":"Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts"},{"key":"3237_CR6","unstructured":"Berlyne, D. E. (1971). Aesthetics and psychobiology. Appleton-Century-Crofts."},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.63.4.545","volume":"63","author":"RF Bornstein","year":"1992","unstructured":"Bornstein, R. F., & D\u2019Agostino, P. R. (1992). Stimulus recognition and the mere exposure effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 63(4), 545\u2013552. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.63.4.545","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3237_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000210","volume":"14","author":"D Brieber","year":"2020","unstructured":"Brieber, D., Forster, M., & Leder, H. (2020). On the mutual relation between art experience and viewing time. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 14(2), 197\u2013208. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/aca0000210","journal-title":"Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts"},{"key":"3237_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chenier, T., & Winkielman, P. (2018). The origins of aesthetic pleasure: Processing fluency and affect in judgment, body, and the brain. In Neuroaesthetics (pp. 275-289). Routledge.","DOI":"10.4324\/9781315224091-14"},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1108\/JCMARS-08-2020-0034","volume":"3","author":"X Deng","year":"2020","unstructured":"Deng, X., & Wang, L. (2020). The impact of semantic fluency on consumers\u2019 aesthetic evaluation in graphic designs with text. Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science, 3(3), 433\u2013446.","journal-title":"Journal of Contemporary Marketing Science"},{"issue":"11","key":"3237_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-015-4395-5","volume":"233","author":"V Era","year":"2015","unstructured":"Era, V., Candidi, M., & Aglioti, S. M. (2015). Subliminal presentation of emotionally negative vs positive primes increases the perceived beauty of target stimuli. Experimental Brain Research, 233(11), 3271\u20133281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-015-4395-5","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691612460685","volume":"8","author":"JSBT Evans","year":"2013","unstructured":"Evans, J. S. B. T., & Stanovich, K. E. (2013). Dual-process theories of higher cognition: Advancing the debate. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 8(3), 223\u2013241. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1745691612460685","journal-title":"Perspectives on Psychological Science"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149\u20131160. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"3237_CR14","unstructured":"Fechner, G. T. (1876). Vorschule der aesthetik (Vol. 1). Breitkopf & H\u00e4rtel."},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02256.x","volume":"20","author":"M Finkbeiner","year":"2009","unstructured":"Finkbeiner, M., & Palermo, R. (2009). The role of spatial attention in nonconscious processing: A comparison of face and nonface stimuli. Psychological Science, 20(1), 42\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2008.02256.x","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"3237_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0135944","volume":"10","author":"M Forster","year":"2015","unstructured":"Forster, M., Gerger, G., & Leder, H. (2015). Everything\u2019s relative? Relative differences in processing fluency and the effects on liking. PLoS One, 10(8), Article e0135944. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0135944","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"2","key":"3237_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1037\/a0030115","volume":"13","author":"M Forster","year":"2013","unstructured":"Forster, M., Leder, H., & Ansorge, U. (2013). It felt fluent, and I liked it: Subjective feeling of fluency rather than objective fluency determines liking. Emotion, 13(2), 280\u2013289. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0030115","journal-title":"Emotion"},{"issue":"2","key":"3237_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1007\/s11571-021-09720-y","volume":"16","author":"F Gao","year":"2022","unstructured":"Gao, F., Wang, J., Wu, C., Wang, M.-Y., Zhang, J., & Yuan, Z. (2022). The neural dynamics associated with lexicality effect in reading single Chinese words, pseudo-words and non-words. Cognitive Neurodynamics, 16(2), 471\u2013481. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11571-021-09720-y","journal-title":"Cognitive Neurodynamics"},{"key":"3237_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gawronski, B., & Creighton, L. A. (2013). Dual process theories. In The Oxford handbook of social cognition. (pp. 282-312). Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordhb\/9780199730018.013.0014"},{"key":"3237_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Gerger, G., & Leder, H. (2015). Titles change the esthetic appreciations of paintings. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00464","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00464"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1177\/1088868315574978","volume":"19","author":"LKM Graf","year":"2015","unstructured":"Graf, L. K. M., & Landwehr, J. R. (2015). A dual-process perspective on fluency-based aesthetics: The pleasure-interest model of aesthetic liking. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 19(4), 395\u2013410. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/1088868315574978","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Review"},{"key":"3237_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00015","author":"LKM Graf","year":"2017","unstructured":"Graf, L. K. M., & Landwehr, J. R. (2017). Aesthetic pleasure versus aesthetic interest: The two routes to aesthetic liking. Frontiers in Psychology. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.00015","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1348\/000712603762842147","volume":"94","author":"P Hekkert","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hekkert, P., Snelders, D., & van Wieringen, P. C. W. (2003). Most advanced, yet acceptable\u2019: Typicality and novelty as joint predictors of aesthetic preference in industrial design. British Journal of Psychology, 94(1), 111\u2013124. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1348\/000712603762842147","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.07.010","volume":"29","author":"T Jacobsen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jacobsen, T., Schubotz, R. I., H\u00f6fel, L., & Cramon, D. Y. V. (2006). Brain correlates of aesthetic judgment of beauty. NeuroImage, 29(1), 276\u2013285. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.07.010","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"2","key":"3237_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2011.10.006","volume":"48","author":"AS Koch","year":"2012","unstructured":"Koch, A. S., & Forgas, J. P. (2012). Feeling good and feeling truth: The interactive effects of mood and processing fluency on truth judgments. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 48(2), 481\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesp.2011.10.006","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"880","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.111.4.880","volume":"111","author":"J Lachter","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lachter, J., Forster, K. I., & Ruthruff, E. (2004). Forty-five years after Broadbent (1958): Still no identification without attention. Psychological Review, 111(4), 880\u2013913. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.111.4.880","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"key":"3237_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2020.103997","volume":"90","author":"JR Landwehr","year":"2020","unstructured":"Landwehr, J. R., & Eckmann, L. (2020). The nature of processing fluency: Amplification versus hedonic marking. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 90, Article 103997. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesp.2020.103997","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1287\/mksc.1110.0633","volume":"30","author":"JR Landwehr","year":"2011","unstructured":"Landwehr, J. R., Labroo, A. A., & Herrmann, A. (2011). Gut liking for the ordinary: Incorporating design fluency improves automobile sales forecasts. Marketing Science, 30(3), 416\u2013429. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1287\/mksc.1110.0633","journal-title":"Marketing Science"},{"key":"3237_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Lanska, M., Olds, J. M., & Westerman, D. L. (2014). Fluency effects in recognition memory: Are perceptual fluency and conceptual fluency interchangeable? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 40(1), 1\u201311. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0034309","DOI":"10.1037\/a0034309"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"489","DOI":"10.1348\/0007126042369811","volume":"95","author":"H Leder","year":"2004","unstructured":"Leder, H., Belke, B., Oeberst, A., & Augustin, D. (2004). A model of aesthetic appreciation and aesthetic judgments. British Journal of Psychology, 95(4), 489\u2013508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1348\/0007126042369811","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1111\/bjop.12084","volume":"105","author":"H Leder","year":"2014","unstructured":"Leder, H., & Nadal, M. (2014). Ten years of a model of aesthetic appreciation and aesthetic judgments: The aesthetic episode \u2013 Developments and challenges in empirical aesthetics. British Journal of Psychology, 105(4), 443\u2013464. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bjop.12084","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"key":"3237_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-psych-120710-100504","volume":"64","author":"SE Palmer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Palmer, S. E., Schloss, K. B., & Sammartino, J. (2013). Visual aesthetics and human preference. Annual Review of Psychology, 64, 77\u2013107. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146\/annurev-psych-120710-100504","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-018-01193-y","volume":"51","author":"J Peirce","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peirce, J., Gray, J. R., Simpson, S., MacAskill, M., H\u00f6chenberger, R., Sogo, H., Kastman, E., & Lindel\u00f8v, J. K. (2019). PsychoPy2: Experiments in behavior made easy. Behavior Research Methods, 51(1), 195\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13428-018-01193-y","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2006.02.001","volume":"123","author":"R Reber","year":"2006","unstructured":"Reber, R., Meier, B., Ruch-Monachon, M.-A., & Tiberini, M. (2006). Effects of processing fluency on comparative performance judgments. Acta Psychologica, 123(3), 337\u2013354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2006.02.001","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"issue":"2","key":"3237_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1075\/ce.2.2.03reb","volume":"2","author":"R Reber","year":"2001","unstructured":"Reber, R., & Schwarz, N. (2001). The hot fringes of consciousness: Perceptual fluency and affect. Consciousness & Emotion, 2(2), 223\u2013231. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1075\/ce.2.2.03reb","journal-title":"Consciousness & Emotion"},{"issue":"4","key":"3237_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327957pspr0804_3","volume":"8","author":"R Reber","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reber, R., Schwarz, N., & Winkielman, P. (2004). Processing fluency and aesthetic pleasure: Is beauty in the perceiver\u2019s processing experience? Personality and Social Psychology Review, 8(4), 364\u2013382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1207\/s15327957pspr0804_3","journal-title":"Personality and Social Psychology Review"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9280.00008","volume":"9","author":"R Reber","year":"1998","unstructured":"Reber, R., Winkielman, P., & Schwarz, N. (1998). Effects of perceptual fluency on affective judgments. Psychological Science, 9(1), 45\u201348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1467-9280.00008","journal-title":"Psychological Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/S1053-8100(03)00049-7","volume":"13","author":"R Reber","year":"2004","unstructured":"Reber, R., Wurtz, P., & Zimmermann, T. D. (2004). Exploring \u201cfringe\u201d consciousness: The subjective experience of perceptual fluency and its objective bases. Consciousness and Cognition, 13(1), 47\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S1053-8100(03)00049-7","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"28","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000259","volume":"15","author":"CC Steciuch","year":"2021","unstructured":"Steciuch, C. C., Kopatich, R. D., Feller, D. P., Durik, A. M., & Millis, K. (2021). Don\u2019t go with your gut: Exploring the role of motivation in aesthetic experiences. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 15(1), 28\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/aca0000259","journal-title":"Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts"},{"issue":"1","key":"3237_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-5884.00033","volume":"39","author":"K Suzuki","year":"1997","unstructured":"Suzuki, K., & Takahashi, R. (1997). Effectiveness of color in picture recognition memory. Japanese Psychological Research, 39(1), 25\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1468-5884.00033","journal-title":"Japanese Psychological Research"},{"key":"3237_CR41","volume-title":"History of aesthetics","author":"W Tatarkiewicz","year":"1970","unstructured":"Tatarkiewicz, W. (1970). History of aesthetics. Mouton."},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000331","volume":"16","author":"K Th\u00f6mmes","year":"2022","unstructured":"Th\u00f6mmes, K., & H\u00fcbner, R. (2022). Why people press \u201clike\u201d: A new measure for aesthetic appeal derived from Instagram data. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 16(3), 437\u2013454. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/aca0000331","journal-title":"Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts"},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"608","DOI":"10.1016\/j.concog.2008.06.002","volume":"18","author":"S Topolinski","year":"2009","unstructured":"Topolinski, S., & Strack, F. (2009). Scanning the \u201cFringe\u201d of consciousness: What is felt and what is not felt in intuitions about semantic coherence. Consciousness and Cognition, 18(3), 608\u2013618. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.concog.2008.06.002","journal-title":"Consciousness and Cognition"},{"issue":"3","key":"3237_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1037\/aca0000388","volume":"17","author":"N Vissers","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vissers, N., & Wagemans, J. (2023). Processing fluency, processing style, and aesthetic response to artistic photographs. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 17(3), 338\u2013357. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/aca0000388","journal-title":"Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts"},{"issue":"8","key":"3237_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1587","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0000731","volume":"149","author":"T Vogel","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vogel, T., Silva, R. R., Thomas, A., & W\u00e4nke, M. (2020). Truth is in the mind, but beauty is in the eye: Fluency effects are moderated by a match between fluency source and judgment dimension. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 149(8), 1587\u20131596. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xge0000731","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"3237_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2018.07.002","volume":"127","author":"W Wang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wang, W., Li, B., Gao, C., & Guo, C. (2018). The temporal dynamics of perceptual and conceptual fluency on recognition memory. Brain and Cognition, 127, 1\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandc.2018.07.002","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"key":"3237_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wang, W., Li, B., Gao, C., Xiao, X., & Guo, C. (2015). Electrophysiological correlates associated with contributions of perceptual and conceptual fluency to familiarity. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00321","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2015.00321"},{"issue":"6","key":"3237_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.81.6.989","volume":"81","author":"P Winkielman","year":"2001","unstructured":"Winkielman, P., & Cacioppo, J. T. (2001). Mind at ease puts a smile on the face: Psychophysiological evidence that processing facilitation elicits positive affect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81(6), 989\u20131000. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0022-3514.81.6.989","journal-title":"Journal of Personality and Social Psychology"},{"key":"3237_CR49","unstructured":"Winkielman, P., Schwarz, N., Fazendeiro, T. A., & Reber, R. (2003). The hedonic marking of processing fluency: Implications for evaluative judgment. In The psychology of evaluation: Affective processes in cognition and emotion. (pp. 189-217). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers."},{"issue":"9","key":"3237_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2571","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.003","volume":"48","author":"GD Zannino","year":"2010","unstructured":"Zannino, G. D., Perri, R., Salamone, G., Di Lorenzo, C., Caltagirone, C., & Carlesimo, G. A. (2010). Manipulating color and other visual information influences picture naming at different levels of processing: Evidence from Alzheimer subjects and normal controls. Neuropsychologia, 48(9), 2571\u20132578. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2010.05.003","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"3237_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2021.104247","volume":"98","author":"L Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, L., Atari, M., Schwarz, N., Newman, E. J., & Afhami, R. (2022). Conceptual metaphors, processing fluency, and aesthetic preference. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 98, Article 104247. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jesp.2021.104247","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Social Psychology"},{"key":"3237_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01880","volume":"8","author":"D Zhou","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhou, D., & Chen, Q. (2017). Color image norms in Mandarin Chinese. Frontiers in Psychology, 8, Article 1880. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fpsyg.2017.01880","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"}],"container-title":["Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03237-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03237-4","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03237-4.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T13:41:19Z","timestamp":1776260479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03237-4"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["3237"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03237-4","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-3921","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"25 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 March 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"order":1,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Normal University prior to data collection.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Ethics approval"}},{"value":"All participants give written informed consent prior to taking part in the study.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent to participate"}},{"value":"We obtained consent from participants to publish their anonymous data, and all images contained in the article are original.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Consent for publication"}},{"value":"The authors declare no conflicts of interest.","order":5,"name":"Ethics","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Competing interests"}}],"article-number":"94"}}