{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:28:31Z","timestamp":1787243311550,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777334400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atten Percept Psychophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-026-03260-5","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T15:27:39Z","timestamp":1777390059000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["How background music rhythm modulates time perception: Evidence from the estimation of collision time"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Chang","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linxin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanbin","family":"Sang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yulin","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jie","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aijun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.01.029","volume":"14","author":"D Alais","year":"2004","unstructured":"Alais, D., & Burr, D. (2004). The ventriloquist effect results from near-optimal bimodal integration. Current Biology, 14(3), 257\u2013262.","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"3260_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2012.00225","volume":"6","author":"LH Arnal","year":"2012","unstructured":"Arnal, L. H. (2012). Predicting \u201cwhen\u201d using the motor system\u2019s beta-band oscillations. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 225.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1167\/9.4.25","volume":"9","author":"R Arrighi","year":"2009","unstructured":"Arrighi, R., Marini, F., & Burr, D. (2009). Meaningful auditory information enhances perception of visual biological motion. Journal of Vision, 9(4), 25\u201325.","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"key":"3260_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Battaglini, L., Campan Faul a, G., & Casco, C. (2013). Illusory speed is retained in memory during invisible motion. i-Perception, 4(3), 180\u2013191.","DOI":"10.1068\/i0562"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1111\/psyp.12375","volume":"52","author":"AKR Bauer","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bauer, A. K. R., Kreutz, G., & Herrmann, C. S. (2015). Individual musical tempo preference correlates with EEG beta rhythm. Psychophysiology, 52(4), 600\u2013604.","journal-title":"Psychophysiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"698","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-016-1244-y","volume":"79","author":"R Baur\u00e8s","year":"2017","unstructured":"Baur\u00e8s, R., DeLucia, P. R., Olson, M., & Oberfeld, D. (2017). Asymmetric interference in concurrent time-to-contact estimation: Cousin or twin of the psychological refractory period effect? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(2), 698\u2013711.","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"key":"3260_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Baur\u00e8s, R., Maquestiaux., F., DeLucia, P. R., Defer, A., & Prigent, E. (2018). Availability of attention affects time-to-contact estimation. Experimental Brain Research, 236(7), 1971\u20131984.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-018-5273-8"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2416-y","volume":"206","author":"SJ Bennett","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bennett, S. J., Baur\u00e8s, R., Hecht, H., & Benguigui, N. (2010). Eye movements influence estimation of time-to-contact in prediction motion. Experimental Brain Research, 206(4), 399\u2013407.","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1167\/15.3.8","volume":"15","author":"E Brenner","year":"2015","unstructured":"Brenner, E., & Smeets, J. B. (2015). How people achieve their amazing temporal precision in interception. Journal of Vision, 15(3), 8\u20138.","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1016\/S1369-8478(01)00025-0","volume":"4","author":"W Brodsky","year":"2001","unstructured":"Brodsky, W. (2001). The effects of music tempo on simulated driving performance and vehicular control. Transportation Research Part f: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 4(4), 219\u2013241.","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part f: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour"},{"key":"3260_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2018.12.011","volume":"123","author":"Y Cao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cao, Y., Zhuang, X., & Ma, G. (2019). Shorten pedestrians\u2019 perceived waiting time: The effect of tempo and pitch in audible pedestrian signals at red phase. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 123, 336\u2013340.","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"12","key":"3260_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2879","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1713316115","volume":"115","author":"CJ Chang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chang, C. J., & Jazayeri, M. (2018). Integration of speed and time for estimating time to contact. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(12), e2879\u2013e2887.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1771","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.04.207","volume":"32","author":"JL Chen","year":"2006","unstructured":"Chen, J. L., Zatorre, R. J., & Penhune, V. B. (2006). Interactions between auditory and dorsal premotor cortex during synchronization to musical rhythms. NeuroImage, 32(4), 1771\u20131781.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"3260_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, J. L., Penhune, V. B., & Zatorre, R. J. (2008). Listening to musical rhythms recruits motor regions of the brain. Cerebral Cortex, 18(12), 2844\u20132854.","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhn042"},{"key":"3260_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00070","volume":"4","author":"SE Chien","year":"2013","unstructured":"Chien, S. E., Ono, F., & Watanabe, K. (2013). A transient auditory signal shifts the perceived offset position of a moving visual object. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, Article 70.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"7\u20138","key":"3260_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-00002592","volume":"30","author":"C Chotsrisuparat","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chotsrisuparat, C., Koning, A., Jacobs, R., & van Lier, R. (2017). Auditory rhythms influence judged time to contact of an occluded moving object. Multisensory Research, 30(7\u20138), 717\u2013738.","journal-title":"Multisensory Research"},{"issue":"7","key":"3260_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-18001294","volume":"31","author":"C Chotsrisuparat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chotsrisuparat, C., Koning, A., Jacobs, R., & van Lier, R. (2018). Effects of auditory patterns on judged displacements of an occluded moving object. Multisensory Research, 31(7), 623\u2013643.","journal-title":"Multisensory Research"},{"key":"3260_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203771587","volume-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"J Cohen","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cohen, J. (2013). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge."},{"issue":"18","key":"3260_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7426","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.18-18-07426.1998","volume":"18","author":"JT Coull","year":"1998","unstructured":"Coull, J. T., & Nobre, A. C. (1998). Where and when to pay attention: The neural systems for directing attention to spatial locations and to time intervals as revealed by both PET and fMRI. Journal of Neuroscience, 18(18), 7426\u20137435.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"1","key":"3260_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1038\/npp.2010.113","volume":"36","author":"JT Coull","year":"2011","unstructured":"Coull, J. T., Cheng, R. K., & Meck, W. H. (2011). Neuroanatomical and neurochemical substrates of timing. Neuropsychopharmacology, 36(1), 3\u201325.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1183","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-021-01887-z","volume":"28","author":"J de Jong","year":"2021","unstructured":"de Jong, J., Aky\u00fcrek, E. G., & van Rijn, H. (2021). A common dynamic prior for time in duration discrimination. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(4), 1183\u20131190.","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR22","first-page":"901","volume":"24","author":"PR DeLucia","year":"1998","unstructured":"DeLucia, P. R., & Liddell, G. W. (1998). Cognitive motion extrapolation and cognitive clocking in prediction motion tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 24(3), 901.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1163\/22134808-00002520","volume":"29","author":"PR DeLucia","year":"2016","unstructured":"DeLucia, P. R., Preddy, D., & Oberfeld, D. (2016). Audiovisual integration of time-to-contact information for approaching objects. Multisensory Research, 29(4), 365\u2013395.","journal-title":"Multisensory Research"},{"key":"3260_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A. G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41(4), 1149\u20131160.","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A. G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175\u2013191.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"3260_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2019.105356","volume":"137","author":"IT Feldstein","year":"2020","unstructured":"Feldstein, I. T., & Dyszak, G. N. (2020). Road crossing decisions in real and virtual environments: A comparative study on simulator validity. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 137, Article 105356.","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"5","key":"3260_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2004.12.081","volume":"15","author":"DT Field","year":"2005","unstructured":"Field, D. T., & Wann, J. P. (2005). Perceiving time to collision activates the sensorimotor cortex. Current Biology, 15(5), 453\u2013458.","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"3260_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1791","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4107-11.2012","volume":"32","author":"T Fujioka","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fujioka, T., Trainor, L. J., Large, E. W., & Ross, B. (2012). Internalized timing of isochronous sounds is represented in neuromagnetic beta oscillations. Journal of Neuroscience, 32(5), 1791\u20131802.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2010.09.033","volume":"54","author":"JA Grahn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Grahn, J. A., Henry, M. J., & McAuley, J. D. (2011). FMRI investigation of cross-modal interactions in beat perception: Audition primes vision, but not vice versa. NeuroImage, 54(2), 1231\u20131243.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"24","key":"3260_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"9106","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1883-14.2015","volume":"35","author":"AM Hadjiosif","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hadjiosif, A. M., & Smith, M. A. (2015). Flexible control of safety margins for action based on environmental variability. Journal of Neuroscience, 35(24), 9106\u20139121.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2018.07.032","volume":"99","author":"RF Helfrich","year":"2018","unstructured":"Helfrich, R. F., Fiebelkorn, I. C., Szczepanski, S. M., Lin, J. J., Parvizi, J., Knight, R. T., & Kastner, S. (2018). Neural mechanisms of sustained attention are rhythmic. Neuron, 99(4), 854\u2013865.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"3260_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.3389\/fnint.2015.00062","volume":"9","author":"S Hidaka","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hidaka, S., Teramoto, W., & Sugita, Y. (2015). Spatiotemporal processing in crossmodal interactions for perception of the external world: A review. Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience, 9, 62.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3758\/CABN.4.2.241","volume":"4","author":"M Hofbauer","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hofbauer, M., Wuerger, S. M., Meyer, G. F., Roehrbein, F., Schill, K., & Zetzsche, C. (2004). Catching audiovisual mice: Predicting the arrival time of auditory-visual motion signals. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 4(2), 241\u2013250.","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"issue":"8","key":"3260_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2590","volume":"13","author":"M Jazayeri","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jazayeri, M., & Shadlen, M. N. (2010). Temporal context calibrates interval timing. Nature Neuroscience, 13(8), 1020\u20131026.","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"3260_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2010.00186","volume":"4","author":"O Jensen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Jensen, O., & Mazaheri, A. (2010). Shaping functional architecture by oscillatory alpha activity: Gating by inhibition. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 4, 186.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Human Neuroscience"},{"key":"3260_CR36","unstructured":"Jia, F. (1997). Basic music theory. Southwest Normal University Press."},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1348\/000712699161314","volume":"90","author":"D Jones","year":"1999","unstructured":"Jones, D. (1999). The cognitive psychology of auditory distraction: The 1997 BPS broadbent lecture. British Journal of Psychology, 90(2), 167\u2013187.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychology"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.1080\/14640749208401304","volume":"44","author":"D Jones","year":"1992","unstructured":"Jones, D., Madden, C., & Miles, C. (1992). Privileged access by irrelevant speech to near term memory: The role of changing state. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A, 44(4), 645\u2013669.","journal-title":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Section A"},{"issue":"12","key":"3260_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1167\/6.12.8","volume":"6","author":"R Kanai","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kanai, R., Paffen, C. L. E., Hogendoorn, H., & Verstraten, F. A. J. (2006). Time dilation in dynamic visual display. Journal of Vision, 6(12), 8\u20138.","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"issue":"7","key":"3260_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1167\/9.7.14","volume":"9","author":"S Kaneko","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kaneko, S., & Murakami, I. (2009). Perceived duration of visual motion increases with speed. Journal of Vision, 9(7), 14\u201314.","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"key":"3260_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2565","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2018.02565","volume":"9","author":"H Kar\u015f\u0131lar","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kar\u015f\u0131lar, H., K\u0131sa, Y. D., & Balc\u0131, F. (2018). Dilation and constriction of subjective time based on observed walking velocity. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2565.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.041","volume":"25","author":"L Kaufmann","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kaufmann, L., Koppelstaetter, F., Delazer, M., Siedentopf, C., Rhomberg, P., Golaszewski, S., & Ischebeck, A. (2005). Neural correlates of distance and congruity effects in a numerical Stroop task: An event-related fMRI study. NeuroImage, 25(3), 888\u2013898.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"929","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-016-1270-9","volume":"79","author":"B Keshavarz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Keshavarz, B., Campos, J. L., DeLucia, P. R., & Oberfeld, D. (2017). Estimating the relative weights of visual and auditory tau versus heuristic-based cues for time-to contact judgments in realistic, familiar scenes by older and younger adults. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 79(3), 929\u2013944.","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"key":"3260_CR44","first-page":"405","volume":"13","author":"WB Knowles","year":"1958","unstructured":"Knowles, W. B., & Carel, W. L. (1958). Estimating time-to-collision. American Psychologist, 13, 405\u2013406.","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"key":"3260_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"933","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2022.933497","volume":"13","author":"Y Kwon","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kwon, Y., Lee, J., & Lee, S. (2022). The impact of background music on film audience\u2019s attentional processes: Electroencephalography alpha-rhythm and event-related potential analyses. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 933\u2013497.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"3260_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.106.1.119","volume":"106","author":"EW Large","year":"1999","unstructured":"Large, E. W., & Jones, M. R. (1999). The dynamics of attending: How people track time-varying events. Psychological Review, 106(1), 119.","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1080\/14640748308402138","volume":"35","author":"DN Lee","year":"1983","unstructured":"Lee, D. N., Young, D. S., Reddish, P. E., Lough, S., & Clayton, T. M. H. (1983). Visual timing in hitting an accelerating ball. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 35(2), 333\u2013346.","journal-title":"The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"key":"3260_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.04.017","volume":"73","author":"Y Li","year":"2015","unstructured":"Li, Y., Mo, L., & Chen, Q. (2015). Differential contribution of velocity and distance to time estimation during self-initiated time-to-collision judgment. Neuropsychologia, 73, 35\u201347.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"issue":"13","key":"3260_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1167\/9.13.3","volume":"9","author":"A Lingnau","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lingnau, A., Ashida, H., Wall, M. B., & Smith, A. T. (2009). Speed encoding in human visual cortex revealed by fMRI adaptation. Journal of Vision, 9(13), 3\u20133.","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"issue":"20","key":"3260_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.visres.2011.08.019","volume":"51","author":"AJ Lugtigheid","year":"2011","unstructured":"Lugtigheid, A. J., & Welchman, A. E. (2011). Evaluating methods to measure time-to contact. Vision Research, 51(20), 2234\u20132241.","journal-title":"Vision Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2012.01.013","volume":"139","author":"AD Makin","year":"2012","unstructured":"Makin, A. D., Poliakoff, E., Dillon, J., Perrin, A., Mullet, T., & Jones, L. A. (2012). The interaction between duration, velocity and repetitive auditory stimulation. Acta Psychologica, 139(3), 524\u2013531.","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"issue":"5","key":"3260_CR52","first-page":"1617","volume":"37","author":"WJ Matthews","year":"2011","unstructured":"Matthews, W. J. (2011). How do changes in speed affect the perception of duration? Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 37(5), 1617.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"3260_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aap.2021.106168","volume":"157","author":"L Miao","year":"2021","unstructured":"Miao, L., Gu, Y., He, L., Wang, H., Schwebel, D. C., & Shen, Y. (2021). The influence of music tempo on mental load and hazard perception of novice drivers. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 157, 106168.","journal-title":"Accident Analysis & Prevention"},{"issue":"7","key":"3260_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-021-02364-4","volume":"84","author":"TB Patrick","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patrick, T. B., & Anderson, R. B. (2022). The influence of auditory rhythms on the speed of inferred motion. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 84(7), 2360\u20132383.","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR55","first-page":"307","volume":"22","author":"IS Penton-Voak","year":"1996","unstructured":"Penton-Voak, I. S., Edwards, H., Percival, A., & Wearden, J. H. (1996). Speeding up an internal clock in humans? Effects of click trains on subjective duration. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes, 22(3), 307.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes"},{"issue":"47","key":"3260_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"17220","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2028-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"FH Petzschner","year":"2011","unstructured":"Petzschner, F. H., & Glasauer, S. (2011). Iterative Bayesian estimation as an explanation for range and regression effects: A study on human path integration. Journal of Neuroscience, 31(47), 17220\u201317229.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"issue":"6","key":"3260_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(04)00107-2","volume":"41","author":"P Pinel","year":"2004","unstructured":"Pinel, P., Piazza, M., Le Bihan, D., & Dehaene, S. (2004). Distributed and overlapping cerebral representations of number, size, and luminance during comparative judgments. Neuron, 41(6), 983\u2013993.","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"4","key":"3260_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20126","volume":"25","author":"V Pouthas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Pouthas, V., George, N., Poline, J. B., Pfeuty, M., VandeMoorteele, P. F., Hugueville, L., Ferrandez, A., Leh\u00e9ricy, S., LeBihan, D., & Renault, B. (2005). Neural network involved in time perception: An fMRI study comparing far and near interval estimation. Human Brain Mapping, 25(4), 433\u2013441.","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1080\/10508410801926855","volume":"18","author":"GR Prowse","year":"2008","unstructured":"Prowse, G. R., Palmisano, S. A., & Favelle, S. (2008). Time-to-contact perception during simulated night landing. The International Journal of Aviation Psychology, 18(2), 207\u2013223.","journal-title":"The International Journal of Aviation Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1491","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00398.2009","volume":"102","author":"JF Soechting","year":"2009","unstructured":"Soechting, J. F., Juveli, J. Z., & Rao, H. M. (2009). Models for the extrapolation of target motion for manual interception. Journal of Neurophysiology, 102(3), 1491\u20131502.","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"3260_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2016.00239","volume":"10","author":"S Teki","year":"2016","unstructured":"Teki, S., & Griffiths, T. D. (2016). Brain bases of working memory for time intervals in rhythmic sequences. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 10, 239.","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"3260_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci4020428","volume":"4","author":"MH Thaut","year":"2014","unstructured":"Thaut, M. H., Trimarchi, P. D., & Parsons, L. M. (2014). Human brain basis of musical rhythm perception: Common and distinct neural substrates for meter, tempo, and pattern. Brain Sciences, 4(2), 428\u2013452.","journal-title":"Brain Sciences"},{"issue":"6","key":"3260_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.1177\/0305735611400173","volume":"40","author":"WF Thompson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Thompson, W. F., Schellenberg, E. G., & Letnic, A. K. (2012). Fast and loud background music disrupts reading comprehension. Psychology of Music, 40(6), 700\u2013708.","journal-title":"Psychology of Music"},{"issue":"13","key":"3260_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1037\/h0093864","volume":"77","author":"M Treisman","year":"1963","unstructured":"Treisman, M. (1963). Temporal discrimination and the indifference interval: Implications for a model of the \u201cinternal clock.\u201d Psychological Monographs: General and Applied, 77(13), 1.","journal-title":"Psychological Monographs: General and Applied"},{"issue":"3","key":"3260_CR65","first-page":"716","volume":"33","author":"JH Wearden","year":"2007","unstructured":"Wearden, J. H., Norton, R., Martin, S., & Montford-Bebb, O. (2007). Internal clock processes and the filled-duration illusion. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 33(3), 716.","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"}],"container-title":["Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03260-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03260-5","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03260-5.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T16:12:27Z","timestamp":1787242347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03260-5"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]}},"alternative-id":["3260"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03260-5","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-3921","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"3 February 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"30 January 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"28 April 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors declare that they have no known competing for financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflict of interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of Soochow University, China.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants involved in this study provided their written informed consent, affirming their voluntary participation.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants provided their written informed consent, confirming the anonymous publication of their data with the commitment that no personal identifiers would be revealed.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"118"}}