{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T16:33:47Z","timestamp":1793291627983,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atten Percept Psychophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-026-03323-7","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T21:04:05Z","timestamp":1787173445000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Memory load modulates the role of perception in category effects in visual working memory"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruoyu","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tengfei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"3323_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Baddeley, A. D., & Hitch, G. (1974). Working memory. In G. H. Bower (Ed.), The psychology of learning and motivation (Vol. Vol. 8, pp. 47\u201389). Academic Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0079-7421(08)60452-1","DOI":"10.1016\/s0079-7421(08)60452-1"},{"key":"3323_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118366","volume":"240","author":"G Bae","year":"2021","unstructured":"Bae, G. (2021). Neural evidence for categorical biases in location and orientation representations in a working memory task. NeuroImage, 240, Article 118366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2021.118366","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"4","key":"3323_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"744","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0000076","volume":"144","author":"G Bae","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bae, G., Olkkonen, M., Allred, S. R., & Flombaum, J. I. (2015). Why some colors appear more memorable than others: A model combining categories and particulars in color working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 144(4), 744\u2013763. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xge0000076","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"issue":"4","key":"3323_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1167\/14.4.7","volume":"14","author":"G Bae","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bae, G., Olkkonen, M., Allred, S. R., Wilson, C., & Flombaum, J. I. (2014). Stimulus-specific variability in color working memory with delayed estimation. Journal of Vision, 14(4), 7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/14.4.7","journal-title":"Journal of Vision"},{"key":"3323_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chunharas, C., Wolff, M. J., Hettwer, M. D., Rademaker, R. L. (2025) A gradual transition toward categorical representations along the visual hierarchy during working memory, but not perception. eLife, 14:RP103347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7554\/eLife.103347","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.103347"},{"key":"3323_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193146","volume":"39","author":"F Faul","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39, 175\u2013191.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"7","key":"3323_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1196","DOI":"10.3758\/s13421-020-01043-3","volume":"48","author":"A Forsberg","year":"2020","unstructured":"Forsberg, A., Johnson, W., & Logie, R. H. (2020). Cognitive aging and verbal labeling in continuous visual memory. Memory & Cognition, 48(7), 1196\u20131213. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13421-020-01043-3","journal-title":"Memory & Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"3323_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1037\/xhp0000290","volume":"43","author":"KO Hardman","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hardman, K. O., Vergauwe, E., & Ricker, T. J. (2016). Categorical working memory representations are used in delayed estimation of continuous colors. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 43(1), 30\u201354. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xhp0000290","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"3323_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hasantash, M., & Afraz, A. (2020). Richer color vocabulary is associated with better color memory but not color perception. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(49), 31046\u201331052. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073\/pnas.2001946117","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2001946117"},{"issue":"6657","key":"3323_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1038\/36846","volume":"390","author":"SJ Luck","year":"1997","unstructured":"Luck, S. J., & Vogel, E. K. (1997). The capacity of visual working memory for features and conjunctions. Nature, 390(6657), 279\u2013281. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/36846","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"2","key":"3323_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0001084","volume":"151","author":"C Overkott","year":"2021","unstructured":"Overkott, C., & Souza, A. S. (2021). Verbal descriptions improve visual working memory but have limited impact on visual long-term memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 151(2), 321\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xge0001084","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"key":"3323_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Overkott, C., Souza, A. S., & Morey, C. C. (2023). The developing impact of verbal labels on visual memories in children. Journal of Experimental Psychology General, 152(3), 825\u2013838. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xge0001305","DOI":"10.1037\/xge0001305"},{"key":"3323_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2023.105638","volume":"242","author":"H Park","year":"2023","unstructured":"Park, H., & Zhang, W. (2023). The dynamics of attentional guidance by working memory contents. Cognition, 242, Article 105638. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2023.105638","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"3323_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1037\/xhp0000302","volume":"43","author":"MS Pratte","year":"2016","unstructured":"Pratte, M. S., Park, Y. E., Rademaker, R. L., & Tong, F. (2016). Accounting for stimulus-specific variation in precision reveals a discrete capacity limit in visual working memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 43(1), 6\u201317. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xhp0000302","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"3323_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"277","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2017.05.038","volume":"166","author":"AS Souza","year":"2017","unstructured":"Souza, A. S., & Sk\u00f3ra, Z. (2017). The interplay of language and visual perception in working memory. Cognition, 166, 277\u2013297. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2017.05.038","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"3323_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2014.01.003","volume":"71","author":"N Unsworth","year":"2014","unstructured":"Unsworth, N., Fukuda, K., Awh, E., & Vogel, E. K. (2014). Working memory and fluid intelligence: Capacity, attention control, and secondary memory retrieval. Cognitive Psychology, 71, 1\u201326. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2014.01.003","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"issue":"10","key":"3323_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1509","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4105","volume":"18","author":"X Wei","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wei, X., & Stocker, A. A. (2015). A Bayesian observer model constrained by efficient coding can explain \u201canti-Bayesian\u201d percepts. Nature Neuroscience, 18(10), 1509\u20131517. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nn.4105","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"3323_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Wilken, P., & Ji, W., MA. (2004). A detection theory account of change detection. Journal of Vision, 4(12), 11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1167\/4.12.11","DOI":"10.1167\/4.12.11"},{"key":"3323_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2023.120149","volume":"274","author":"C Yan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Yan, C., Christophel, T. B., Allefeld, C., & Haynes, J. (2023). Categorical working memory codes in human visual cortex. NeuroImage, 274, Article 120149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2023.120149","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"7192","key":"3323_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1038\/nature06860","volume":"453","author":"W Zhang","year":"2008","unstructured":"Zhang, W., & Luck, S. J. (2008). Discrete fixed-resolution representations in visual working memory. Nature, 453(7192), 233\u2013235. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature06860","journal-title":"Nature"}],"container-title":["Attention, Perception, &amp; Psychophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03323-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03323-7","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03323-7.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T16:09:24Z","timestamp":1793290164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03323-7"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3323"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03323-7","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-3921","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"7 December 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"29 June 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"19 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"Approval was obtained from the ethics committee of Zhejiang University. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants gave their consent for their data to be included in scientific publications.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare that are relevant to the content of this article.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This study was not preregistered. Materials and data are available at\n                      \n                      .","order":5,"name":"Ethics","label":"Open practices statement","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"178"}}