{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T16:33:49Z","timestamp":1793291629464,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.springernature.com\/gp\/researchers\/text-and-data-mining"}],"funder":[{"name":"Bates College Student Research Fund","id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/003yn7c76","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Atten Percept Psychophys"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-026-03328-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T20:02:24Z","timestamp":1788206544000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Distractor preview moderates the alerting-congruency interaction in Stroop and flanker tasks"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Maya J.","family":"Golden","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas G.","family":"Hutcheon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine M.","family":"Mathis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily R.","family":"Cohen-Shikora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd A.","family":"Kahan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.108.3.624","volume":"108","author":"MM Botvinick","year":"2001","unstructured":"Botvinick, M. M., Braver, T. S., Barch, D. M., Carter, C. S., & Cohen, J. D. (2001). Conflict monitoring and cognitive control. Psychological Review, 108(3), 624\u2013652. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.108.3.624","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandc.2004.02.012","volume":"54","author":"A Callejas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Callejas, A., Lupi\u00e1\u00f1ez, J., & Tudela, P. (2004). The three attentional networks: On their independence and interactions. Brain and Cognition, 54(3), 225\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bandc.2004.02.012","journal-title":"Brain and Cognition"},{"issue":"1","key":"3328_CR3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-005-2365-z","volume":"167","author":"A Callejas","year":"2005","unstructured":"Callejas, A., Lupi\u00e0\u00f1ez, J., Funes, M. J., & Tudela, P. (2005). Modulations among the alerting, orienting and executive control networks. Experimental Brain Research, 167(1), 27\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00221-005-2365-z","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"3328_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-012-0186-0","volume":"44","author":"JID Campbell","year":"2012","unstructured":"Campbell, J. I. D., & Thompson, V. A. (2012). MorePower 60 for ANOVA with relational confidence intervals and Bayesian analysis. Behavior Research Methods, 44(4), 1255\u20131265.","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1037\/a0015854","volume":"138","author":"D Casasanto","year":"2009","unstructured":"Casasanto, D. (2009). Embodiment of abstract concepts: Good and bad in right- and left-handers. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 138(3), 351\u2013367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0015854","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: General"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.97.3.332","volume":"97","author":"JD Cohen","year":"1990","unstructured":"Cohen, J. D., Dunbar, K., & McClelland, J. L. (1990). On the control of automatic processes: A parallel distributed processing account of the Stroop effect. Psychological Review, 97(3), 332\u2013361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.97.3.332","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"5","key":"3328_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"628","DOI":"10.1123\/jsep.31.5.628","volume":"31","author":"K Davranche","year":"2009","unstructured":"Davranche, K., Hall, B., & McMorris, T. (2009). Effect of acute exercise on cognitive control required during an Eriksen flanker task. Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology, 31(5), 628\u2013639. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1123\/jsep.31.5.628","journal-title":"Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology"},{"key":"3328_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.20.4.731","volume":"20","author":"R De Jong","year":"1994","unstructured":"De Jong, R., Liang, C. C., & Lauber, E. (1994). Conditional and unconditional automaticity: A dual-process model of effects of spatial stimulus-response correspondence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 20, 731\u2013750. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0096-1523.20.4.731","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"issue":"1","key":"3328_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03203267","volume":"16","author":"BA Eriksen","year":"1974","unstructured":"Eriksen, B. A., & Eriksen, C. W. (1974). Effects of noise letters upon the identification of a target letter in a nonsearch task. Perception & Psychophysics, 16(1), 143\u2013149. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03203267","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1162\/089892902317361886","volume":"14","author":"J Fan","year":"2002","unstructured":"Fan, J., McCandliss, B. D., Sommer, T., Raz, A., & Posner, M. I. (2002). Testing the efficiency and independence of attentional networks. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 14(3), 340\u2013347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1162\/089892902317361886","journal-title":"Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000012","volume":"57","author":"R Fischer","year":"2010","unstructured":"Fischer, R., Plessow, F., & Kiesel, A. (2010). Auditory warning signals affect mechanisms of response selection: Evidence from a Simon task. Experimental Psychology, 57(2), 89\u201397. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000012","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-011-0350-7","volume":"76","author":"R Fischer","year":"2012","unstructured":"Fischer, R., Plessow, F., & Kiesel, A. (2012). The effects of alerting signals in action control: Activation of S-R associations or inhibition of executive control processes? Psychological Research, 76(3), 317\u2013328. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00426-011-0350-7","journal-title":"Psychological Research"},{"key":"3328_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.10.091","volume":"66","author":"R Fischer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Fischer, R., Plessow, F., & Ruge, H. (2013). Priming of visual cortex by temporal attention? The effects of temporal predictability on stimulus(-specific) processing in early visual cortical areas. NeuroImage, 66, 261\u2013269. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2012.10.091","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"issue":"1","key":"3328_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5334\/joc.318","volume":"6","author":"H Heuer","year":"2023","unstructured":"Heuer, H., & W\u00fchr, P. (2023). The impact of speed-accuracy instructions on spatial congruency effects. Journal of Cognition, 6(1), Article 49. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5334\/joc.318","journal-title":"Journal of Cognition"},{"issue":"4","key":"3328_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"280","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00419688","volume":"55","author":"B Hommel","year":"1993","unstructured":"Hommel, B. (1993). The relationship between stimulus processing and response selection in the Simon task: Evidence for a temporal overlap. Psychological Research, 55(4), 280\u2013290. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00419688","journal-title":"Psychological Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"3328_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00419656","volume":"56","author":"B Hommel","year":"1994","unstructured":"Hommel, B. (1994). Spontaneous decay of response-code activation. Psychological Research, 56(4), 261\u2013268. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BF00419656","journal-title":"Psychological Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0214203","volume":"14","author":"R H\u00fcbner","year":"2019","unstructured":"H\u00fcbner, R., & T\u00f6bel, L. (2019). Conflict resolution in the Eriksen flanker task: Similarities and differences to the Simon task. PLoS One, 14(3), 1\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0214203","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"3328_CR18","unstructured":"JASP Team. (2024). JASP (Version 0.18.3) [Computer software].\u00a0https:\/\/jasp-stats.org\/faq\/"},{"issue":"1","key":"3328_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1037\/a0016466","volume":"36","author":"TA Kahan","year":"2010","unstructured":"Kahan, T. A., & Enns, J. T. (2010). Object trimming: When masking dots alter rather than replace target representations. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 36(1), 88\u2013102. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/a0016466","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"issue":"1","key":"3328_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1007\/s00426-023-01846-4","volume":"88","author":"TA Kahan","year":"2024","unstructured":"Kahan, T. A., & Smith, Z. P. (2024). Effects of alerting signals on the spatial Stroop effect: Evidence for modality differences. Psychological Research, 88(1), 25\u201338. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00426-023-01846-4","journal-title":"Psychological Research"},{"issue":"9\/10","key":"3328_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1080\/13506285.2019.1680586","volume":"27","author":"TA Kahan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kahan, T. A., & Zhang, H. (2019). Ready to be distracted: Further evidence that the alerting-congruency interaction requires stimulus-response directional associations. Visual Cognition, 27(9\/10), 760\u2013767. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13506285.2019.1680586","journal-title":"Visual Cognition"},{"issue":"5660","key":"3328_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1023","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1089910","volume":"303","author":"JG Kerns","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kerns, J. G., Cohen, J. D., MacDonald, A. W., Cho, R. Y., Stenger, V. A., & Carter, C. S. (2004). Anterior cingulate conflict monitoring and adjustments in control. Science, 303(5660), 1023\u20131026. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126\/science.1089910","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-295X.97.2.253","volume":"97","author":"S Kornblum","year":"1990","unstructured":"Kornblum, S., Hasbroucq, T., & Osman, A. (1990). Dimensional overlap: Cognitive basis for stimulus-response compatibility\u2013A model and taxonomy. Psychological Review, 97(2), 253\u2013270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-295X.97.2.253","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"3328_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130834","volume":"10","author":"K Lange","year":"2015","unstructured":"Lange, K., K\u00fchn, S., & Filevich, E. (2015). Just another tool for online studies\u201d (JATOS): An easy solution for setup and management of web servers supporting online studies. PLoS ONE, 10(6), 1\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0130834","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"3328_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1099","DOI":"10.1037\/xhp0001032","volume":"48","author":"IG Mackenzie","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mackenzie, I. G., Mittelst\u00e4dt, V., Ulrich, R., & Leuthold, H. (2022). The role of temporal order of relevant and irrelevant dimensions within conflict tasks. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 48(10), 1099\u20131115. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/xhp0001032","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.109.2.163","volume":"109","author":"CM MacLeod","year":"1991","unstructured":"MacLeod, C. M. (1991). Half a century of research on the Stroop effect: An integrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 109(2), 163\u2013203. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0033-2909.109.2.163","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-011-0168-7","volume":"44","author":"S Math\u00f4t","year":"2012","unstructured":"Math\u00f4t, S., Schreij, D., & Theeuwes, J. (2012). Opensesame: An open-source, graphical experiment builder for the social sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 44(2), 314\u2013324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13428-011-0168-7","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"issue":"6","key":"3328_CR28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1776","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-021-01900-5","volume":"28","author":"J Miller","year":"2021","unstructured":"Miller, J., & Schwarz, W. (2021). Delta plots for conflict tasks: An activation-suppression race model. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 28(6), 1776\u20131795. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13423-021-01900-5","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-021-02003-x","volume":"29","author":"V Mittelst\u00e4dt","year":"2022","unstructured":"Mittelst\u00e4dt, V., Miller, J., Leuthold, H., Mackenzie, I. G., & Ulrich, R. (2022). The time-course of distractor-based activation modulates effects of speed-accuracy tradeoffs in conflict tasks. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 29(3), 837\u2013854. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13423-021-02003-x","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"issue":"4","key":"3328_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03206694","volume":"48","author":"WT Neill","year":"1990","unstructured":"Neill, W. T., Lissner, L. S., & Beck, J. L. (1990). Negative priming in same-different matching: Further evidence for a central locus of inhibition. Perception & Psychophysics, 48(4), 398\u2013400. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/BF03206694","journal-title":"Perception & Psychophysics"},{"key":"3328_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"103541","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103541","volume":"225","author":"L Patterson","year":"2022","unstructured":"Patterson, L., & Kahan, T. A. (2022). Is the alerting-congruency interaction that is seen in experiments with stimulus-response motor associations moderated by a concurrent working-memory load? Acta Psychologica, 225, 103541. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.actpsy.2022.103541","journal-title":"Acta Psychologica"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"3328_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2006.11.017","volume":"162","author":"JW Peirce","year":"2007","unstructured":"Peirce, J. W. (2007). PsychoPy\u2013psychophysics software in Python. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 162(1\u20132), 8\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2006.11.017","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-020-02166-0","volume":"83","author":"MS Pratte","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pratte, M. S. (2021). Eriksen flanker delta plot shapes depend on the stimulus. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 83(2), 685\u2013699. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-020-02166-0","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"7","key":"3328_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.3758\/APP.72.7.2013","volume":"72","author":"MS Pratte","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pratte, M. S., Rouder, J. N., Morey, Rd., & Feng, C. (2010). Exploring the differences in distributional properties between Stroop and Simon effects using delta plots. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 72(7), 2013\u20132025. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/APP.72.7.2013","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"key":"3328_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780203022795","volume-title":"Stimulus-response compatibility principles: Data, theory, and application","author":"RW Proctor","year":"2006","unstructured":"Proctor, R. W., & Vu, K.-P.L. (2006). Stimulus-response compatibility principles: Data, theory, and application (1st ed.). CRC Press. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1201\/9780203022795","edition":"1st"},{"key":"3328_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198510697.003.0024","volume-title":"Common mechanisms in perception and action. Attention & performance","author":"KR Ridderinkhof","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ridderinkhof, K. R. (2002). Activation and suppression in conflict tasks: Empirical clarification through distributional analyses. In W. Prinz & B. Hommel (Eds.), Common mechanisms in perception and action. Attention & performance (vol. 3, pp. 494\u2013519). Oxford University Press.","edition":"vol. 3"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.114.2.197","volume":"114","author":"KR Ridderinkhof","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ridderinkhof, K. R., Scheres, A., Oosterlaan, J., & Sergeant, J. A. (2005). Delta plots in the study of individual differences: New tools reveal response inhibition deficits in AD\/HD that are eliminated by methylphenidate treatment. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(2), 197\u2013215. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0021-843X.114.2.197","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"700","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-020-02167-z","volume":"83","author":"KR Ridderinkhof","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ridderinkhof, K. R., Wylie, S. A., van den Wildenberg, W. P. M., Bashore, T. R., Jr., & van der Molen, M. W. (2021). The arrow of time: Advancing insights into action control from the arrow version of the Eriksen flanker task. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 83(2), 700\u2013721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-020-02167-z","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"4","key":"3328_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-018-1491-1","volume":"80","author":"DW Schneider","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schneider, D. W. (2018). Alertness and cognitive control: Toward a spatial grouping hypothesis. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 80(4), 913\u2013928. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-018-1491-1","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"1","key":"3328_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-018-1613-9","volume":"81","author":"DW Schneider","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schneider, D. W. (2019). Alertness and cognitive control: Is there a spatial attention constraint? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 81(1), 119\u2013136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-018-1613-9","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"5","key":"3328_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2257","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-020-01993-5","volume":"82","author":"DW Schneider","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schneider, D. W. (2020). Alertness and cognitive control: Interactions in the spatial Stroop task. Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 82(5), 2257\u20132270. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-020-01993-5","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.3758\/s13414-017-1451-1","volume":"80","author":"VC Seibold","year":"2018","unstructured":"Seibold, V. C. (2018). Do alerting signals increase the size of the attentional focus? Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics, 80(2), 402\u2013425. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-017-1451-1","journal-title":"Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"},{"issue":"2","key":"3328_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"140","DOI":"10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000181","volume":"60","author":"A Soutschek","year":"2013","unstructured":"Soutschek, A., M\u00fcller, H. J., & Schubert, T. (2013). Conflict-specific effects of accessory stimuli on cognitive control in the Stroop task and the Simon task. Experimental Psychology, 60(2), 140\u2013147. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1027\/1618-3169\/a000181","journal-title":"Experimental Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"3328_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1037\/h0054651","volume":"18","author":"JR Stroop","year":"1935","unstructured":"Stroop, J. R. (1935). Studies of interference in serial verbal reactions. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 18(6), 643\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/h0054651","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology"},{"issue":"6","key":"3328_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1345","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-1523.28.6.1345","volume":"28","author":"B St\u00fcrmer","year":"2002","unstructured":"St\u00fcrmer, B., Leuthold, H., Soetens, E., Schr\u00f6ter, H., & Sommer, W. (2002). Control over location-based response activation in the Simon task: Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 28(6), 1345\u20131363. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1037\/0096-1523.28.6.1345","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance"},{"key":"3328_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"148","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2015.02.005","volume":"78","author":"R Ulrich","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ulrich, R., Schr\u00f6ter, H., Leuthold, H., & Birngruber, T. (2015). Automatic and controlled stimulus processing in conflict tasks: Superimposed diffusion processes and delta functions. Cognitive Psychology, 78, 148\u2013174. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cogpsych.2015.02.005","journal-title":"Cognitive Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"3328_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2011.08.010","volume":"121","author":"N Weinbach","year":"2011","unstructured":"Weinbach, N., & Henik, A. (2011). Phasic alertness can modulate executive control by enhancing global processing of visual stimuli. Cognition, 121(3), 454\u2013458. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cognition.2011.08.010","journal-title":"Cognition"}],"container-title":["Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03328-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03328-2","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03328-2.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T16:09:11Z","timestamp":1793290151000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03328-2"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["3328"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13414-026-03328-2","relation":{},"ISSN":["1943-3921","1943-393X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1943-3921","type":"print"},{"value":"1943-393X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2 June 2025","order":1,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"14 July 2026","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"31 August 2026","order":3,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ArticleHistory","label":"Article History"}},{"value":"The authors have no competing interests to declare.","order":1,"name":"Ethics","label":"Conflicts of interest\/Competing interests","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"This work was approved by the Bates College Institutional Review Board and all participants were treated in accordance with the ethical standards of the APA and laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki.","order":2,"name":"Ethics","label":"Ethics approval","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants were presented with an overview of the basic procedures and all individuals consented to participate.","order":3,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent to participate","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}},{"value":"All participants were told that responses would not be linked with identifying information, and everyone consented to having their de-identified responses posted on a public server and published in a scholarly journal or presented at a conference.","order":4,"name":"Ethics","label":"Consent for publication","group":{"name":"EthicsHeading","label":"Declarations"}}],"article-number":"186"}}