{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T06:58:13Z","timestamp":1768719493840,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Springer Science and Business Media LLC","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]],"date-time":"2015-09-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1442448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/www.springer.com\/tdm"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-015-0377-0","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,18]],"date-time":"2015-09-18T03:43:13Z","timestamp":1442547793000},"page":"23-36","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Dopamine, depressive symptoms, and decision-making: the relationship between spontaneous eye blink rate and depressive symptoms predicts Iowa Gambling Task performance"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Kaileigh A.","family":"Byrne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dominique D.","family":"Norris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darrell A.","family":"Worthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"377_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1376","DOI":"10.1080\/03640210802352992","volume":"32","author":"W-Y Ahn","year":"2008","unstructured":"Ahn, W.-Y., Busemeyer, J. R., Wagenmakers, E.-J., & Stout, J. C. (2008). Comparison of decision learning models using the generalization criterion method. Cognitive Science, 32, 1376\u20131402. doi: 10.1080\/03640210802352992","journal-title":"Cognitive Science"},{"key":"377_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1037\/a0020684","volume":"4","author":"W-Y Ahn","year":"2011","unstructured":"Ahn, W.-Y., Krawitz, A., Kim, W., Busemeyer, J. R., & Brown, J. W. (2011). A model-fMRI analysis with hierarchical Bayesian parameter estimation. Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics, 4, 95\u2013110.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience, Psychology, and Economics"},{"key":"377_CR3","first-page":"849","volume":"5","author":"W-Y Ahn","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ahn, W.-Y., Vasilev, G., Lee, S.-H., Busemeyer, J. R., Kruschke, J. K., Bechara, A., & Vassileva, J. (2014). Decision-making in stimulant and opiate addicts in protracted abstinence: Evidence from computational modeling with pure users. Frontiers in Psychology, 5, 849. doi: 10.3389\/fpsyg.2014.00849","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"665","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01176004","volume":"11","author":"AH Ahrens","year":"1987","unstructured":"Ahrens, A. H. (1987). Theories of depression: The role of goals and the self-evaluation process. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 11, 665\u2013680.","journal-title":"Cognitive Therapy and Research"},{"key":"377_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"716","DOI":"10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705","volume":"AC-19","author":"H Akaike","year":"1974","unstructured":"Akaike, H. (1974). A new look at the statistical model identification. IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, AC-19, 716\u2013723. doi: 10.1109\/TAC.1974.1100705","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control"},{"key":"377_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-1781(00)00108-6","volume":"93","author":"G Barbato","year":"2000","unstructured":"Barbato, G., Ficca, G., Muscettola, G., Fichele, M., Beatrice, M., & Rinaldi, F. (2000). Diurnal variation in spontaneous eye-blink rate. Psychiatry Research, 93, 145\u2013151.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"377_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"336","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geb.2004.06.010","volume":"52","author":"A Bechara","year":"2005","unstructured":"Bechara, A., & Damasio, A. R. (2005). The somatic marker hypothesis: A neural theory of economic decision. Games and Economic Behavior, 52, 336\u2013372.","journal-title":"Games and Economic Behavior"},{"key":"377_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(94)90018-3","volume":"50","author":"A Bechara","year":"1994","unstructured":"Bechara, A., Damasio, A. R., Damasio, H., & Anderson, S. W. (1994). Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex. Cognition, 50, 7\u201315. doi: 10.1016\/0010-0277(94)90018-3","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"377_CR9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(00)00136-6","volume":"39","author":"A Bechara","year":"2001","unstructured":"Bechara, A., Dolan, S., Denburg, N., Hindes, A., Anderson, S. W., & Nathan, P. E. (2001). Decision-making deficits, linked to a dysfunctional ventromedial prefrontal cortex, revealed in alcohol and stimulant abusers. Neuropsychologia, 39, 376\u2013389.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"377_CR10","volume-title":"Cognitive theory of depression","author":"AT Beck","year":"1979","unstructured":"Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive theory of depression. New York, NY: Wiley."},{"key":"377_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2012.09.054","volume":"207","author":"CG Beevers","year":"2013","unstructured":"Beevers, C. G., Worthy, D. A., Gorlick, M. A., Nix, B., Chotibut, T., & Maddox, W. T. (2013). Influence of depression symptoms on history-independent reward and punishment processing. Psychiatry Research, 207, 53\u201360.","journal-title":"Psychiatry Research"},{"key":"377_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.101.1.37","volume":"101","author":"H Berenbaum","year":"1992","unstructured":"Berenbaum, H., & Oltmanns, T. F. (1992). Emotional experience and expression in schizophrenia and depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 37\u201344. doi: 10.1037\/0021-843X.101.1.37","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR13","first-page":"224","volume":"6","author":"GE Berrios","year":"1990","unstructured":"Berrios, G. E., & Canagasabey, A. F. B. (1990). Depression, eye blink rate, psychomotor retardation, and electroconvulsive therapy-enhanced dopamine receptor sensitivity. Journal of ECT, 6, 224\u2013230.","journal-title":"Journal of ECT"},{"key":"377_CR14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"433","DOI":"10.1163\/156856897X00357","volume":"10","author":"DH Brainard","year":"1997","unstructured":"Brainard, D. H. (1997). The Psychophysics Toolbox. Spatial Vision, 10, 433\u2013436. doi: 10.1163\/156856897X00357","journal-title":"Spatial Vision"},{"key":"377_CR15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1266","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neunet.2006.03.001","volume":"19","author":"M Brand","year":"2006","unstructured":"Brand, M., Labudda, K., & Markowitsch, H. J. (2006). Neuropsychological correlates of decision-making in ambiguous and risky situations. Neural Networks, 19, 1266\u20131276.","journal-title":"Neural Networks"},{"key":"377_CR16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01245227","volume":"91","author":"AS Brown","year":"1993","unstructured":"Brown, A. S., & Gershon, S. (1993). Dopamine and depression. Journal of Neural Transmission, 91, 75\u2013109.","journal-title":"Journal of Neural Transmission"},{"key":"377_CR17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1037\/a0013740","volume":"134","author":"CS Carver","year":"2008","unstructured":"Carver, C. S., Johnson, S. L., & Joormann, J. (2008). Serotonergic function, two-mode models of self-regulation, and vulnerability to depression: What depression has in common with impulsive aggression. Psychological Bulletin, 134, 912\u2013943. doi: 10.1037\/a0013740","journal-title":"Psychological Bulletin"},{"key":"377_CR18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2009.11.013","volume":"124","author":"M Cella","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cella, M., Dymond, S., & Cooper, A. (2010). Impaired flexible decision-making in major depressive disorder. Journal of Affective Disorders, 124, 207\u2013210.","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"377_CR19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"458","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2010.03.007","volume":"115","author":"SA Chermahini","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chermahini, S. A., & Hommel, B. (2010). The (b)link between creativity and dopamine: Spontaneous eye blink rates predict and dissociate divergent and convergent thinking. Cognition, 115, 458\u2013465.","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"377_CR20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2008.07.006","volume":"46","author":"LS Colzato","year":"2008","unstructured":"Colzato, L. S., Slagter, H. A., Spap\u00e9, M. M. A., & Hommel, B. (2008). Blinks of the eye predict blinks of the mind. Neuropsychologia, 46, 3179\u20133183. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2008.07.006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"377_CR21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2008.10.017","volume":"46","author":"LS Colzato","year":"2009","unstructured":"Colzato, L. S., Slagter, H. A., van den Wildenberg, W. P., & Hommel, B. (2009a). Closing one\u2019s eyes to reality: Evidence for a dopaminergic basis of psychoticism from spontaneous eye blink rates. Personality and Individual Differences, 46, 377\u2013380.","journal-title":"Personality and Individual Differences"},{"key":"377_CR22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-009-1862-x","volume":"196","author":"LS Colzato","year":"2009","unstructured":"Colzato, L. S., van den Wildenberg, W. P., van Wouwe, N. C., Pannebakker, M. M., & Hommel, B. (2009b). Dopamine and inhibitory action control: Evidence from spontaneous eye blink rates. Experimental Brain Research, 196, 467\u2013474.","journal-title":"Experimental Brain Research"},{"key":"377_CR23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2007.03.004","volume":"45","author":"LS Colzato","year":"2007","unstructured":"Colzato, L. S., van Wouwe, N. C., & Hommel, B. (2007). Spontaneous eye-blink rate predicts the strength of visuomotor binding. Neuropsychologia, 45, 2387\u20132392.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"377_CR24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2141","DOI":"10.1176\/ajp.2006.163.12.2141","volume":"163","author":"W Compton","year":"2006","unstructured":"Compton, W., Conway, K., Stinson, F., & Grant, B. (2006). Changes in the prevalence of major depression and comorbid substance use disorders in the United States between 1991\u20131992 and 2001\u20132002. American Journal of Psychiatry, 163, 2141\u20132147.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"729","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-013-0220-4","volume":"14","author":"JA Cooper","year":"2014","unstructured":"Cooper, J. A., Gorlick, M. A., Denny, T., Worthy, D. A., Beevers, C. G., & Maddox, W. T. (2014). Training attention improves decision making in individuals with elevated self-reported depressive symptoms. Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience, 14, 729\u2013741. doi: 10.3758\/s13415-013-0220-4","journal-title":"Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/S1542-0124(11)70007-6","volume":"9","author":"AA Cruz","year":"2011","unstructured":"Cruz, A. A., Garcia, D. M., Pinto, C. T., & Cechetti, S. P. (2011). Spontaneous eyeblink activity. Ocular Surface, 9, 29\u201341.","journal-title":"Ocular Surface"},{"key":"377_CR27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.3109\/00207459009000513","volume":"51","author":"PJ Jong De","year":"1990","unstructured":"De Jong, P. J., & Merckelbach, H. (1990). Eyeblink frequency, rehearsal activity, and sympathetic arousal. International Journal of Neuroscience, 51, 89\u201394.","journal-title":"International Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR28","first-page":"70","volume-title":"Reward and decision making in corticobasal ganglia networks (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences","author":"MR Delgado","year":"2007","unstructured":"Delgado, M. R. (2007). Reward\u2010related responses in the human striatum. In B. W. Balleine, K. Doya, J. O\u2019Doherty, & M. Sakagami (Eds.), Reward and decision making in corticobasal ganglia networks (Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (Vol. 1104, pp. 70\u201388). Malden, MA: Blackwell."},{"key":"377_CR29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.2000.84.6.3072","volume":"84","author":"MR Delgado","year":"2000","unstructured":"Delgado, M. R., Nystrom, L. E., Fissell, C., Noll, D. C., & Fiez, J. A. (2000). Tracking the hemodynamic responses to reward and punishment in the striatum. Journal of Neurophysiology, 84, 3072\u20133077.","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"key":"377_CR30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.ps.40.020189.002325","volume":"40","author":"RA Depue","year":"1989","unstructured":"Depue, R. A., & Iacono, W. G. (1989). Neurobehavioral aspects of affective disorders. Annual Review of Psychology, 40, 457\u2013492.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1038\/nn2077","volume":"11","author":"K Doya","year":"2008","unstructured":"Doya, K. (2008). Modulators of decision making. Nature Neuroscience, 11, 410\u2013416. doi: 10.1038\/nn2077","journal-title":"Nature Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7044.119.2.483","volume":"119","author":"G Dreisbach","year":"2005","unstructured":"Dreisbach, G., M\u00fcller, J., Goschke, T., Strobel, A., Schulze, K., Lesch, K. P., & Brocke, B. (2005). Dopamine and cognitive control: The influence of spontaneous eyeblink rate and dopamine gene polymorphisms on perseveration and distractibility. Behavioral Neuroscience, 119, 483\u2013490. doi: 10.1037\/0735-7044.119.2.483","journal-title":"Behavioral Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.64.3.327","volume":"64","author":"BW Dunlop","year":"2007","unstructured":"Dunlop, B. W., & Nemeroff, C. B. (2007). The role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 64, 327\u2013337.","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1016\/0893-133X(95)00237-8","volume":"15","author":"D Ebert","year":"1996","unstructured":"Ebert, D., Albert, R., Hammon, G., Strasser, B., May, A., & Merz, A. (1996). Eye-blink rates and depression: Is the antidepressant effect of sleep deprivation mediated by the dopamine system? Neuropsychopharmacology, 15, 332\u2013339.","journal-title":"Neuropsychopharmacology"},{"key":"377_CR35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.63.1.74","volume":"63","author":"R Elliott","year":"1997","unstructured":"Elliott, R., Sahakian, B. J., Herrod, J. J., Robbins, T. W., & Paykel, E. S. (1997). Abnormal response to negative feedback in unipolar depression: Evidence for a diagnosis specific impairment. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 63, 74\u201382.","journal-title":"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Elsworth, J. D., Lawrence, M. S., Roth, R. H., Taylor, J. R., Mailman, R. B., Nichols, D. E., . . . Redmond, D. E., Jr. (1991). D1 and D2 dopamine receptors independently regulate spontaneous blink rate in the vervet monkey. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 259, 595\u2013600.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)20364-0"},{"key":"377_CR37","first-page":"848","volume":"88","author":"I Erev","year":"1998","unstructured":"Erev, I., & Roth, A. E. (1998). Predicting how people play games: Reinforcement learning in experimental games with unique, mixed strategy equilibria. American Economic Review, 88, 848\u2013881.","journal-title":"American Economic Review"},{"key":"377_CR38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsych.2010.01.027","volume":"68","author":"N Eshel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Eshel, N., & Roiser, J. P. (2010). Reward and punishment processing in depression. Biological Psychiatry, 68, 118\u2013124.","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopsycho.2005.03.007","volume":"71","author":"SH Fairclough","year":"2006","unstructured":"Fairclough, S. H., & Venables, L. (2006). Prediction of subjective states from psychophysiology: A multivariate approach. Biological Psychology, 71, 100\u2013110.","journal-title":"Biological Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","volume":"41","author":"F Faul","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Buchner, A., & Lang, A.-G. (2009). Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: Tests for correlation and regression analyses. Behavior Research Methods, 41, 1149\u20131160. doi: 10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149","journal-title":"Behavior Research Methods"},{"key":"377_CR41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.121208.131305","volume":"6","author":"IH Gotlib","year":"2010","unstructured":"Gotlib, I. H., & Joormann, J. (2010). Cognition and depression: Current status and future directions. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 6, 285\u2013312.","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Groman, S. M., James, A. S., Seu, E., Tran, S., Clark, T. A., Harpster, S. N., . . . Jentsch, J. D. (2014). In the blink of an eye: Relating positive-feedback sensitivity to striatal dopamine D2-like receptors through blink rate. Journal of Neuroscience, 34, 14443\u201314454. doi: 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3037-14.2014","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3037-14.2014"},{"key":"377_CR43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmp.2009.02.004","volume":"53","author":"TM Gureckis","year":"2009","unstructured":"Gureckis, T. M., & Love, B. C. (2009). Learning in noise: Dynamic decision-making in a variable environment. Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 53, 180\u2013193.","journal-title":"Journal of Mathematical Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.adolescence.2011.06.009","volume":"35","author":"G Han","year":"2012","unstructured":"Han, G., Klimes-Dougan, B., Jepsen, S., Ballard, K., Nelson, M., Houri, A., & Cullen, K. (2012). Selective neurocognitive impairments in adolescents with major depressive disorder. Journal of Adolescence, 35, 11\u201320.","journal-title":"Journal of Adolescence"},{"key":"377_CR45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"711","DOI":"10.1080\/02699930050117684","volume":"14","author":"JB Henriques","year":"2000","unstructured":"Henriques, J. B., & Davidson, R. J. (2000). Decreased responsiveness to reward in depression. Cognition and Emotion, 14, 711\u2013724.","journal-title":"Cognition and Emotion"},{"key":"377_CR46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"460","DOI":"10.1037\/0021-843X.103.3.460","volume":"103","author":"JB Henriques","year":"1994","unstructured":"Henriques, J. B., Glowacki, J. M., & Davidson, R. J. (1994). Reward fails to alter response bias in depression. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 103, 460\u2013466.","journal-title":"Journal of Abnormal Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1124\/jpet.104.071092","volume":"311","author":"EM Jutkiewicz","year":"2004","unstructured":"Jutkiewicz, E. M., & Bergman, J. (2004). Effects of dopamine D1 ligands on eye blinking in monkeys: efficacy, antagonism, and D1\/D2 interactions. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 311, 1008\u20131015.","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"377_CR48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2307\/1914185","volume":"47","author":"D Kahneman","year":"1979","unstructured":"Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1979). Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica, 47, 263\u2013291. doi: 10.2307\/1914185","journal-title":"Econometrica"},{"key":"377_CR49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11256","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.6218-10.2011","volume":"31","author":"J Kaminer","year":"2011","unstructured":"Kaminer, J., Powers, A. S., Horn, K. G., Hui, C., & Evinger, C. (2011). Characterizing the spontaneous blink generator: an animal model. Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 11256\u201311267.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-3223(92)90137-O","volume":"32","author":"S Kapur","year":"1992","unstructured":"Kapur, S., & Mann, J. (1992). Role of the dopaminergic system in depression. Biological Psychiatry, 32, 1\u201317.","journal-title":"Biological Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/106.3.643","volume":"106","author":"CN Karson","year":"1983","unstructured":"Karson, C. N. (1983). Spontaneous eye-blink rates and dopaminergic systems. Brain, 106, 643\u2013653.","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"377_CR52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)21279-4","volume":"279","author":"MS Kleven","year":"1996","unstructured":"Kleven, M. S., & Koek, W. (1996). Differential effects of direct and indirect dopamine agonists on eye blink rate in cynomolgus monkeys. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 279, 1211\u20131219.","journal-title":"Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics"},{"key":"377_CR53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8434","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5468-11.2012","volume":"32","author":"CK Kovach","year":"2012","unstructured":"Kovach, C. K., Daw, N. D., Rudrauf, D., Tranel, D., O\u2019Doherty, J. P., & Adolphs, R. (2012). Anterior prefrontal cortex contributes to action selection through tracking of recent reward trends. Journal of Neuroscience, 32, 8434\u20138442.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2013.07.010","volume":"93","author":"A Ladas","year":"2014","unstructured":"Ladas, A., Frantzidis, C., Bamidis, P., & Vivas, A. B. (2014). Eye blink rate as a biological marker of mild cognitive impairment. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 93, 12\u201316.","journal-title":"International Journal of Psychophysiology"},{"key":"377_CR55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3741-05.2006","volume":"26","author":"CSR Li","year":"2006","unstructured":"Li, C. S. R., Huang, C., Constable, R. T., & Sinha, R. (2006). Imaging response inhibition in a stop-signal task: Neural correlates independent of signal monitoring and post-response processing. Journal of Neuroscience, 26, 186\u2013192. doi: 10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3741-05.2006","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"410","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20875","volume":"31","author":"X Li","year":"2010","unstructured":"Li, X., Lu, Z. L., D\u2019Argembeau, A., Ng, M., & Bechara, A. (2010). The Iowa gambling task in fMRI images. Human Brain Mapping, 31, 410\u2013423.","journal-title":"Human Brain Mapping"},{"key":"377_CR57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.2010.03126.x","volume":"106","author":"J Linnet","year":"2011","unstructured":"Linnet, J., M\u00f8ller, A., Peterson, E., Gjedde, A., & Doudet, D. (2011). Dopamine release in ventral striatum during Iowa Gambling Task performance is associated with increased excitement levels in pathological gambling. Addiction, 106, 383\u2013390.","journal-title":"Addiction"},{"key":"377_CR58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1192\/bjp.143.1.55","volume":"143","author":"JH Mackintosh","year":"1983","unstructured":"Mackintosh, J. H., Kumar, R., & Kitamura, T. (1983). Blink rate in psychiatric illness. British Journal of Psychiatry, 143, 55\u201357.","journal-title":"British Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2012.06.011","volume":"125","author":"WT Maddox","year":"2012","unstructured":"Maddox, W. T., Gorlick, M. A., Worthy, D. A., & Beevers, C. G. (2012). Depressive symptoms enhance loss-minimization, but attenuate gain-maximization in history-dependent decision-making. Cognition, 125, 118\u2013124. doi: 10.1016\/j.cognition.2012.06.011","journal-title":"Cognition"},{"key":"377_CR60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143916","volume":"1","author":"A Mathews","year":"2005","unstructured":"Mathews, A., & MacLeod, C. (2005). Cognitive vulnerability to emotional disorders. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 1, 167\u2013195. doi: 10.1146\/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143916","journal-title":"Annual Review of Clinical Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainres.2006.11.002","volume":"1131","author":"J M\u00fcller","year":"2007","unstructured":"M\u00fcller, J., Dreisbach, G., Brocke, B., Lesch, K. P., Strobel, A., & Goschke, T. (2007). Dopamine and cognitive control: The influence of spontaneous eyeblink rate, DRD4 exon III polymorphism and gender on flexibility in set-shifting. Brain Research, 1131, 155\u2013162.","journal-title":"Brain Research"},{"key":"377_CR62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.15288\/jsa.1997.58.600","volume":"58","author":"LE Mulvihill","year":"1997","unstructured":"Mulvihill, L. E., Skilling, T. A., & Vogel-Sprott, M. (1997). Alcohol and the ability to inhibit behavior in men and women. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 58, 600\u2013605.","journal-title":"Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs"},{"key":"377_CR63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jad.2005.12.005","volume":"90","author":"A Must","year":"2006","unstructured":"Must, A., Szab\u00f3, Z., B\u00f3di, N., Sz\u00e1sz, A., Janka, Z., & K\u00e9ri, S. (2006). Sensitivity to reward and punishment and the prefrontal cortex in major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 90, 209\u2013215.","journal-title":"Journal of Affective Disorders"},{"key":"377_CR64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.03.022","volume":"113","author":"LM Oswald","year":"2015","unstructured":"Oswald, L. M., Wand, G. S., Wong, D. F., Brown, C. H., Kuwabara, H., & Bra\u0161i\u0107, J. R. (2015). Risky decision-making and ventral striatal dopamine responses to amphetamine: A positron emission tomography [11C]raclopride study in healthy adults. NeuroImage, 113, 26\u201336. doi: 10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2015.03.022","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"377_CR65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2012.07.009","volume":"16","author":"MP Paulus","year":"2012","unstructured":"Paulus, M. P., & Yu, A. J. (2012). Emotion and decision-making: Affect-driven belief systems in anxiety and depression. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16, 476\u2013483.","journal-title":"Trends in Cognitive Sciences"},{"key":"377_CR66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14049","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3008-11.2011","volume":"31","author":"P Piray","year":"2011","unstructured":"Piray, P. (2011). The role of dorsal striatal D2-like receptors in reversal learning: A reinforcement learning viewpoint. Journal of Neuroscience, 31, 14049\u201314050.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pizzagalli, D. A., Holmes, A. J., Dillon, D. G., Goetz, E. L., Birk, J. L., Bogdan, R., . . . Fava, M. (2009). Reduced caudate and nucleus accumbens response to rewards in unmedicated individuals with major depressive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 166, 702\u2013710. doi: 10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08081201","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2008.08081201"},{"key":"377_CR68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2008.03.001","volume":"43","author":"DA Pizzagalli","year":"2008","unstructured":"Pizzagalli, D. A., Iosifescu, D., Hallett, L. A., Ratner, K. G., & Fava, M. (2008). Reduced hedonic capacity in major depressive disorder: Evidence from a probabilistic reward task. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43, 76\u201387.","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatric Research"},{"key":"377_CR69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1177\/014662167700100306","volume":"1","author":"LS Radloff","year":"1977","unstructured":"Radloff, L. S. (1977). The CES-D scale a self-report depression scale for research in the general population. Applied Psychological Measurement, 1, 385\u2013401.","journal-title":"Applied Psychological Measurement"},{"key":"377_CR70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.2165\/00023210-200013010-00004","volume":"13","author":"L Rampello","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rampello, L., Nicoletti, F., & Nicoletti, F. (2000). Dopamine and depression: Therapeutic implications. CNS Drugs, 13, 35\u201345. doi: 10.2165\/00023210-200013010-00004","journal-title":"CNS Drugs"},{"key":"377_CR71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"152","DOI":"10.1176\/appi.ajp.2011.11010137","volume":"169","author":"OJ Robinson","year":"2012","unstructured":"Robinson, O. J., Cools, R., Carlisi, C. O., Sahakian, B. J., & Drevets, W. C. (2012). Ventral striatum response during reward and punishment reversal learning in unmedicated major depressive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 169, 152\u2013159.","journal-title":"American Journal of Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/10.3.284","volume":"10","author":"ET Rolls","year":"2000","unstructured":"Rolls, E. T. (2000). The orbitofrontal cortex and reward. Cerebral Cortex, 10, 284\u2013294.","journal-title":"Cerebral Cortex"},{"key":"377_CR73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12860","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2496-07.2007","volume":"27","author":"T Sch\u00f6nberg","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sch\u00f6nberg, T., Daw, N. D., Joel, D., & O\u2019Doherty, J. P. (2007). Reinforcement learning signals in the human striatum distinguish learners from nonlearners during reward-based decision making. Journal of Neuroscience, 27, 12860\u201312867.","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.psych.56.091103.070229","volume":"57","author":"W Schultz","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schultz, W. (2006). Behavioral theories and the neurophysiology of reward. Annual Review of Psychology, 57, 87\u2013115. doi: 10.1146\/annurev.psych.56.091103.070229","journal-title":"Annual Review of Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1593","DOI":"10.1126\/science.275.5306.1593","volume":"275","author":"W Schultz","year":"1997","unstructured":"Schultz, W., Dayan, P., & Montague, P. R. (1997). A neural substrate of prediction and reward. Science, 275, 1593\u20131599.","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"377_CR76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"228","DOI":"10.1007\/s00213-006-0450-z","volume":"188","author":"S Sevy","year":"2006","unstructured":"Sevy, S., Hassoun, Y., Bechara, A., Yechiam, E., Napolitano, B., Burdick, K., & Malhotra, A. (2006). Emotion-based decision-making in healthy subjects: Short-term effects of reducing dopamine levels. Psychopharmacology, 188, 228\u2013235.","journal-title":"Psychopharmacology"},{"key":"377_CR77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2015.03.028","volume":"71","author":"HA Slagter","year":"2015","unstructured":"Slagter, H. A., Georgopoulou, K., & Frank, M. J. (2015). Spontaneous eye blink rate predicts learning from negative, but not positive, outcomes. Neuropsychologia, 71, 126\u2013132.","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"377_CR78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbtep.2008.01.004","volume":"39","author":"MJ Smoski","year":"2008","unstructured":"Smoski, M. J., Lynch, T. R., Rosenthal, M. Z., Cheavens, J. S., Chapman, A. L., & Krishnan, R. R. (2008). Decision-making and risk aversion among depressive adults. Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 39, 567\u2013576.","journal-title":"Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry"},{"key":"377_CR79","unstructured":"Steingroever, H., Fridberg, D. J., Horstmann, A., Kjome, K. L., Kumari, V., Lane, S. D., . . . Wagenmakers, E.-J. (2014). Data from 617 healthy participants performing the Iowa Gambling Task: A \u201cmany labs\u201d collaboration. Journal of Open Psychology Data, 3, e5."},{"key":"377_CR80","volume-title":"Reinforcement learning: An introduction","author":"RS Sutton","year":"1998","unstructured":"Sutton, R. S., & Barto, A. G. (1998). Reinforcement learning: An introduction (Vol. 1). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"377_CR81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878","DOI":"10.1017\/S1355617708080934","volume":"14","author":"MM Sweitzer","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sweitzer, M. M., Allen, P. A., & Kaut, K. P. (2008). Relation of individual differences in impulsivity to nonclinical emotional decision making. Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society, 14, 878\u2013882.","journal-title":"Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society"},{"key":"377_CR82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1118","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.05.049","volume":"42","author":"JV Taylor Tavares","year":"2008","unstructured":"Taylor Tavares, J. V., Clark, L., Furey, M. L., Williams, G. B., Sahakian, B. J., & Drevets, W. C. (2008). Neural basis of abnormal response to negative feedback in unmedicated mood disorders. NeuroImage, 42, 1118\u20131126.","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"377_CR83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1006\/exnr.1999.7093","volume":"158","author":"JR Taylor","year":"1999","unstructured":"Taylor, J. R., Elsworth, J. D., Lawrence, M. S., Sladek, J. R., Jr., Roth, R. H., & Redmond, D. E., Jr. (1999). Spontaneous blink rates correlate with dopamine levels in the caudate nucleus of MPTP-treated monkeys. Experimental Neurology, 158, 214\u2013220.","journal-title":"Experimental Neurology"},{"key":"377_CR84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.3758\/s13423-012-0324-9","volume":"20","author":"DA Worthy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Worthy, D. A., Hawthorne, M. J., & Otto, A. R. (2013a). Heterogeneity of strategy use in the Iowa gambling task: A comparison of win\u2013stay\/lose\u2013shift and reinforcement learning models. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 20, 364\u2013371.","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"},{"key":"377_CR85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2011.00145","volume":"5","author":"DA Worthy","year":"2012","unstructured":"Worthy, D. A., & Maddox, W. T. (2012). Age-based differences in strategy use in choice tasks. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 5, 145. doi: 10.3389\/fnins.2011.00145","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neuroscience"},{"key":"377_CR86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00640","volume":"4","author":"DA Worthy","year":"2013","unstructured":"Worthy, D. A., Pang, B., & Byrne, K. A. (2013b). Decomposing the roles of perseveration and expected value representation in models of the Iowa Gambling Task. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 640. doi: 10.3389\/fpsyg.2013.00640","journal-title":"Frontiers in Psychology"},{"key":"377_CR87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.3758\/BF03193783","volume":"12","author":"E Yechiam","year":"2005","unstructured":"Yechiam, E., & Busemeyer, J. R. (2005). Comparison of basic assumptions embedded in learning models for experience-based decision making. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review, 12, 387\u2013402. doi: 10.3758\/BF03193783","journal-title":"Psychonomic Bulletin & Review"}],"container-title":["Cognitive, Affective, & Behavioral Neuroscience"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13415-015-0377-0.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/article\/10.3758\/s13415-015-0377-0\/fulltext.html","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.3758\/s13415-015-0377-0","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,30]],"date-time":"2025-05-30T18:03:23Z","timestamp":1748628203000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/link.springer.com\/10.3758\/s13415-015-0377-0"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]}},"alternative-id":["377"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3758\/s13415-015-0377-0","relation":{},"ISSN":["1530-7026","1531-135X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1530-7026","type":"print"},{"value":"1531-135X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,17]]}}}