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While longitudinal studies may be resource-intensive, retrospective reports are a relatively quick and inexpensive way to examine associations between early home musical environments and adult outcomes. We present the Music@Home\u2013Retrospective scale, derived partly from the Music@Home\u2013Preschool scale (Politimou et al., 2018), to retrospectively assess the childhood home musical environment. In two studies (total\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009578), we conducted an exploratory factor analysis (Study 1) and confirmatory factor analysis (Study 2) on items, including many adapted from the Music@Home\u2013Preschool scale. This revealed a 20-item solution with five subscales. Items retained for three subscales (Caregiver Beliefs, Caregiver Initiation of Singing, Child Engagement with Music) load identically to three in the Music@Home-\u2013Preschool Scale. We also identified two additional dimensions of the childhood home musical environment. The Attitude Toward Childhood Home Musical Environment subscale captures participants\u2019 current adult attitudes toward their childhood home musical environment, and the Social Listening Contexts subscale indexes the degree to which participants listened to music at home with others (i.e., friends, siblings, and caregivers). Music@Home\u2013Retrospective scores were related to adult self-reports of musicality, performance on a melodic perception task, and self-reports of well-being, demonstrating utility in measuring the early home music environment as captured through this scale. The Music@Home\u2013Retrospective scale is freely available to enable future investigations exploring how the early home musical environment relates to adult cognition, affect, and behavior.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-024-02469-2","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]],"date-time":"2024-08-05T18:14:22Z","timestamp":1722881662000},"page":"8038-8056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Music@Home\u2013Retrospective: A new measure to retrospectively assess childhood home musical environments"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Kathios","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelsie L.","family":"Lopez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurel Joy","family":"Gabard-Durnam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Psyche","family":"Loui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"2469_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1007\/s00221-010-2299-y","volume":"204","author":"JA Bailey","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bailey, J. 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