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While numerous articles report on the accuracy and reliability of the most popular automated classifiers, less has been written on the downstream effects of classification errors on measurements and statistical inferences (e.g., the estimate of correlations and effect sizes in regressions). This paper\u2019s main contributions are drawing attention to downstream effects of confusion errors, and providing an approach to measure and potentially recover from these errors. Specifically, we use a Bayesian approach to study the effects of algorithmic errors on key scientific questions, including the effect of siblings on children\u2019s language experience and the association between children\u2019s production and their input. By fitting a joint model of speech behavior and algorithm behavior on real and simulated data, we show that classification errors can significantly distort estimates for both the most commonly used Language ENvironment Analysis (LENA\u2122), and a slightly more accurate open-source alternative (the Voice Type Classifier from the ACLEW system). We further show that a Bayesian calibration approach for recovering unbiased estimates of effect sizes can be effective and insightful, but does not provide a foolproof solution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-026-03029-6","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]],"date-time":"2026-05-18T18:52:38Z","timestamp":1779130358000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Classification errors distort findings in automated speech processing: Examples and solutions from child-development research"],"prefix":"10.3758","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Lucas","family":"Gautheron","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evan","family":"Kidd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Malko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marvin","family":"Lavechin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandrina","family":"Cristia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,18]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"3029_CR1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1111\/infa.12165","volume":"22","author":"DH Abney","year":"2016","unstructured":"Abney, D. 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