{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T15:37:35Z","timestamp":1792683455647,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"113","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/54106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,23]],"date-time":"2016-07-23T20:00:07Z","timestamp":1469304007000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Delivery of Therapeutic siRNA to the CNS Using Cationic and Anionic Liposomes"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Heather R.","family":"Bender","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Kane","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark D.","family":"Zabel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,23]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4579","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6815801","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Identification of a protein that purifies with the scrapie prion","volume":"218","author":"Bolton","year":"1982","unstructured":"Bolton, D.C, Mckinley, M.P., Prusiner, S.B. Identification of a protein that purifies with the scrapie prion. Science. 218 (4579), 1309-1311 (1982).","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(83)90207-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A protease-resistant protein is a structural component of the scrapie prion","volume":"35","author":"McKinley","year":"1983","unstructured":"McKinley, M.P., Bolton, D.C., Pruisner, S.B. A protease-resistant protein is a structural component of the scrapie prion. Cell. 35 (1), 57-62 (1983).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"4542","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6801762","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Novel proteinaceous infectious particles cause scrapie","volume":"216","author":"Pruisner","year":"1982","unstructured":"Pruisner, S.B. Novel proteinaceous infectious particles cause scrapie. Science. 216 (4542), 136-144 (1982).","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s00401-010-0700-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cellular and sub-cellular pathology of prion diseases: relationship between morphological changes, accumulation of abnormal prion protein and clinical disease","volume":"121","author":"Jeffrey","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jeffrey, M., McGovern, G., Sis\u00f2, S., Gonz\u00e1lez, L. Cellular and sub-cellular pathology of prion diseases: relationship between morphological changes, accumulation of abnormal prion protein and clinical disease. Acta Neuropathologica. 121 (1), 113-134 (2011).","journal-title":"Acta Neuropathologica"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/0092-8674(93)90360-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie","volume":"73","author":"B\u00fceler","year":"1993","unstructured":"B\u00fceler, H. et al. Mice devoid of PrP are resistant to scrapie. Cell. 73 (7), 1339-1347 (1993).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3204","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI29236","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Lentivector-mediated RNAi efficiently suppresses prion protein and prolongs survival of scrapie-infected mice","volume":"116","author":"Pfeifer","year":"2006","unstructured":"Pfeifer, A. et al. Lentivector-mediated RNAi efficiently suppresses prion protein and prolongs survival of scrapie-infected mice. J Clin Invest. 116 (12), 3204-3210 (2006).","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"issue":"29","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10238","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0802759105","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Single treatment with RNAi against prion protein rescues early neuronal dysfunction and prolongs survival in mice","volume":"105","author":"White","year":"2008","unstructured":"White, M., Farmer, M., Mirabile, I., Brandner, S., Collinge, J., Mallucci, G. Single treatment with RNAi against prion protein rescues early neuronal dysfunction and prolongs survival in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 105 (29), 10238-10243 (2008).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.1007\/s11248-008-9179-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prnp knockdown in transgenic mice using RNA interference","volume":"17","author":"Gallozzi","year":"2008","unstructured":"Gallozzi, M. et al. Prnp knockdown in transgenic mice using RNA interference. Transgenic Research. 17 (5), 783-791 (2008).","journal-title":"Transgenic Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2007.01.005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Targeting cellular prion protein reverses early cognitive deficits and neurophysiological dysfunction in prion-infected mice","volume":"53","author":"Mallucci","year":"2007","unstructured":"Mallucci, G. et al. Targeting cellular prion protein reverses early cognitive deficits and neurophysiological dysfunction in prion-infected mice. Neuron. 53 (3), 325-335 (2007).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011085","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes cross the blood-brain barrier and significantly decrease PrPC on neuronal cells PrPRes in infected cultures","volume":"5","author":"Pulford","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pulford, B. et al. Liposome-siRNA-peptide complexes cross the blood-brain barrier and significantly decrease PrPC on neuronal cells PrPRes in infected cultures. PLoS One. 5 (6) (2010).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6077","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.86.16.6077","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cationic liposome-mediated RNA transfection","volume":"86","author":"Malone","year":"1989","unstructured":"Malone, R.W., Felgner, P.L., Verma, I.M. Cationic liposome-mediated RNA transfection. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 86, 6077-6081, (1989).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt0297-167","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Factors influencing the efficiency of cationic liposome-mediated intravenous gene delivery","volume":"15","author":"Liu","year":"1997","unstructured":"Liu, Y., et al. Factors influencing the efficiency of cationic liposome-mediated intravenous gene delivery. Nat Biotechnol. 15, 167-173 (1997).","journal-title":"Nat Biotechnol"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4580","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.160.9.4580","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cationic lipids enhance cytokine and cell influx levels in the lung following administration of plasmid: cationic lipid complexes","volume":"160","author":"Freimark","year":"1998","unstructured":"Freimark, B.D. et al. Cationic lipids enhance cytokine and cell influx levels in the lung following administration of plasmid: cationic lipid complexes. J Immunol. 160 (9), 4580-4586, (1998).","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"ref14","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Liposomes for use in gene delivery","author":"Balzas","year":"2011","unstructured":"Balzas, D.A., Godbey, W.T. Liposomes for use in gene delivery. J Drug Deliv. 2011 (2011).","journal-title":"J Drug Deliv"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconrel.2009.01.022","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optimization and characterization of anionic lipoplexes for gene delivery","volume":"136","author":"Srinivasan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Srinivasan, C., Burgess, D.J. Optimization and characterization of anionic lipoplexes for gene delivery. J Control Release. 136 (1), 62-70 (2009).","journal-title":"J Control Release"},{"issue":"34","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32000","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100138200","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurons are protected from excitotoxic death by p53 antisense oligonucleotides delivered in anionic liposomes","volume":"276","author":"Lakkaruju","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lakkaruju, A., Dubinsky, J.M., Low, W.C., Rahman, Y. Neurons are protected from excitotoxic death by p53 antisense oligonucleotides delivered in anionic liposomes. J Biol Chem. 276 (34), 32000-32007 (2001).","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11808","DOI":"10.1039\/c2jm31675g","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain-targeting gene delivery using a rabies virus glycoprotein peptide modulated hollow liposomes: bio-behavioral study","volume":"22","author":"Tao","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tao, Y., Han, J., Dou, H. Brain-targeting gene delivery using a rabies virus glycoprotein peptide modulated hollow liposomes: bio-behavioral study. J Mater Chem. 22, 11808-11815 (2012).","journal-title":"J Mater Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3300482","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In vivo gene transfer via intravenous administration of cationic lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) complexes","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"1997","unstructured":"Li, S., Huang, L. In vivo gene transfer via intravenous administration of cationic lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) complexes. Gene Ther. 4 (9), 891-900 (1997).","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3300683","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Characterization of cationic lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) complexes for intravenous gene delivery","volume":"5","author":"Li","year":"1998","unstructured":"Li, S., Rizzo, M.A., Bhattacharya, S., Huang, L. Characterization of cationic lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) complexes for intravenous gene delivery. Gene Ther. 5 (7), 930-937, (1998).","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1038\/nature05901","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transvascular delivery of small interfering RNA to the central nervous system","volume":"448","author":"Kumar","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kumar, P. et al. Transvascular delivery of small interfering RNA to the central nervous system. Nature. 448, 39-43 (2007).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2002.tb00450.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Designing of 'intelligent' liposomes for efficient delivery of drugs","volume":"6","author":"Voinea","year":"2002","unstructured":"Voinea, M., Simionescu, M. Designing of 'intelligent' liposomes for efficient delivery of drugs. J Cell Mol Med. 6 (4), 465-474 (2002).","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"issue":"34","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32000","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M100138200","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neurons are protected from excitotoxic death by p53 antisense oligonucleotides delivered in anionic liposomes","volume":"276","author":"Lakkaraju","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lakkaraju, A. et al. Neurons are protected from excitotoxic death by p53 antisense oligonucleotides delivered in anionic liposomes. J. Biol. Chem. 276 (34), 32000-32007 (2001).","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"891","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.gt.3300482","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In vivo gene transfer via intravenous administration of cationic lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) complexes","volume":"4","author":"Li","year":"1997","unstructured":"Li, S. and Huang, L. In vivo gene transfer via intravenous administration of cationic lipid-protamine-DNA (LPD) complexes. Gene Ther. 4 (9), 891-900, (1997).","journal-title":"Gene Ther"},{"issue":"6370","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1038\/356577a0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Normal development and behaviour of mice lacking the neuronal cell-surface PrP protein","volume":"356","author":"B\u00fceler","year":"1992","unstructured":"B\u00fceler, H. et al. Normal development and behaviour of mice lacking the neuronal cell-surface PrP protein. Nature. 356 (6370), 577-582 (1992).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm1129","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Killing the messenger: short RNAs that silence gene expression","volume":"4","author":"Dykxhoorn","year":"2003","unstructured":"Dykxhoorn, D., Novina, C., Sharp, P. Killing the messenger: short RNAs that silence gene expression. Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio. 4 (6), 457-467 (2003).","journal-title":"Nat Rev Mol Cell Bio"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-0618(02)00100-X","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Differential nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit expression in the human hippocampus","volume":"25","author":"Graham","year":"2003","unstructured":"Graham, A., Ray, M., Perry, E., Jaros, E. Differential nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit expression in the human hippocampus. J Chem Neuroanat. 25 (2), 97-113 (2003).","journal-title":"J Chem Neuroanat"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","first-page":"1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Scrapie prion proteins are synthesized in neurons","volume":"122","author":"Kretzschmar","year":"1986","unstructured":"Kretzschmar, H.A., Prusiner, S.B., Stowring, L.E. Scrapie prion proteins are synthesized in neurons. Am J Pathol. 122 (1), 1-5, (1986).","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(95)90307-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Developmental expression of the prion protein gene in glial cells","volume":"14","author":"Moser","year":"1995","unstructured":"Moser, M., Colello, R., Pott, U., Oesch, B. Developmental expression of the prion protein gene in glial cells. Neuron. 14 (3), 509-517, (1995).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"33","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12271","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0402725101","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prions can infect primary cultured neurons and astrocytes and promote neuronal cell death","volume":"101","author":"Cronier","year":"2004","unstructured":"Cronier, S., Laude, H., Peyrin, JM. Prions can infect primary cultured neurons and astrocytes and promote neuronal cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 101 (33), 12271-12276 (2004).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.2.375","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Scrapie-associated prion protein accumulates in astrocytes during scrapie infection","volume":"88","author":"Diedrich","year":"1991","unstructured":"Diedrich, J., Bendheim, P., Kim, Y. Scrapie-associated prion protein accumulates in astrocytes during scrapie infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 88 (2), 375-379, (1991).","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.jove.com\/video\/54106\/delivery-therapeutic-sirna-to-cns-using-cationic-anionic","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T14:37:59Z","timestamp":1792679879000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/54106"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,23]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"113","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/54106","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,23]]}}}