{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:40:41Z","timestamp":1792633241583,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"146","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/59093","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]],"date-time":"2019-04-22T20:00:38Z","timestamp":1555963238000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Manipulation of Gene Function in Mexican Cavefish"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Bethany  A.","family":"Stahl","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James  B.","family":"Jaggard","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jacqueline  S.R.","family":"Chin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johanna  E.","family":"Kowalko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex  C.","family":"Keene","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erik  R.","family":"Dubou\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","type":"book","volume-title":"On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection","author":"Darwin","year":"1859","unstructured":"Darwin, C. On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection. D. Appleton and Company. (1859)."},{"key":"ref2","type":"book","volume-title":"The Biology of Caves and Other Subterranean Habitats","author":"Culver","year":"2009","unstructured":"Culver, D.C., Pipan, T. The Biology of Caves and Other Subterranean Habitats. Oxford University Press. New York, NY (2009)."},{"key":"ref3","type":"book","volume-title":"Mexican Eyeless Characin Fishes, Genus Astyanax: Environment, Distribution, and Evolution","author":"Mitchell","year":"1977","unstructured":"Mitchell, R.W., Russell, W.H., Elliott, W.R. Mexican Eyeless Characin Fishes, Genus Astyanax: Environment, Distribution, and Evolution. (1977)."},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00001496","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Oxygen consumption of Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae, Pisces): A comparison of epigean and hypogean populations","volume":"17","author":"Huppop","year":"1986","unstructured":"Huppop, K. Oxygen consumption of Astyanax fasciatus (Characidae, Pisces): A comparison of epigean and hypogean populations. Environmental Biology of Fishes. 17, 299\u2013308 (1986).","journal-title":"Environmental Biology of Fishes"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e107877","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0107877","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Eyeless Mexican Cavefish Save Energy by Eliminating the Circadian Rhythm in Metabolism","volume":"9","author":"Moran","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moran, D., Softley, R., Warrant, E.J. Eyeless Mexican Cavefish Save Energy by Eliminating the Circadian Rhythm in Metabolism. PLoS ONE. 9 (9), e107877 (2014).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1700","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Genetic analysis of cavefish reveals molecular convergence in the evolution of albinism","volume":"38","author":"Protas","year":"2006","unstructured":"Protas, M.E. et al. Genetic analysis of cavefish reveals molecular convergence in the evolution of albinism. Nature genetics. 38, 107\u2013111 (2006).","journal-title":"Nature genetics"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2012.12.011","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effects of fasting and feeding on the brain mRNA expressions of orexin tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), PYY and CCK in the Mexican blind cavefish (Astyanax fasciatus mexicanus)","volume":"183","author":"Wall","year":"2013","unstructured":"Wall, A., Volkoff, H. Effects of fasting and feeding on the brain mRNA expressions of orexin, tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), PYY and CCK in the Mexican blind cavefish (Astyanax fasciatus mexicanus). General and Comparative Endocrinology. 183, 44\u201352 (2013).","journal-title":"General and Comparative Endocrinology"},{"issue":"31","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9668","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1510802112","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Melanocortin 4 receptor mutations contribute to the adaptation of cavefish to nutrient-poor conditions","volume":"112","author":"Aspiras","year":"2015","unstructured":"Aspiras, A., Rohner, N., Marineau, B., Borowsky, R., Tabin, J. Melanocortin 4 receptor mutations contribute to the adaptation of cavefish to nutrient-poor conditions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (31), 9688\u20139673 (2015).","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"issue":"18","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1631","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.07.017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evolution of a behavioral shift mediated by superficial neuromasts helps cavefish find food in darkness","volume":"20","author":"Yoshizawa","year":"2010","unstructured":"Yoshizawa, M., Gori\u010dki, \u0160., Soares, D., Jeffery, W.R. Evolution of a behavioral shift mediated by superficial neuromasts helps cavefish find food in darkness. Current Biology. 20 (18), 1631\u20131636 (2010).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-102108-134216","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regressive Evolution in Astyanax Cavefish","volume":"43","author":"Jeffery","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jeffery, W.R. Regressive Evolution in Astyanax Cavefish. Annual Review of Genetics. 43, 25\u201347 (2009).","journal-title":"Annual Review of Genetics"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-12-105","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The complex origin of Astyanax cavefish","volume":"12","author":"Gross","year":"2012","unstructured":"Gross, J.B. The complex origin of Astyanax cavefish. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 12, 105 (2012).","journal-title":"BMC Evolutionary Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2012.10.044","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evolutionary shift from fighting to foraging in blind cavefish through changes in the serotonin network","volume":"23","author":"Elipot","year":"2013","unstructured":"Elipot, Y., Hinaux, H., Callebert, J., R\u00e9taux, S. Evolutionary shift from fighting to foraging in blind cavefish through changes in the serotonin network. Current Biology. 23 (1), 1\u201310 (2013).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"19","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1874","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2013.07.056","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Loss of schooling behavior in cavefish through sight-dependent and sight-independent mechanisms","volume":"23","author":"Kowalko","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kowalko, J.E.J. et al. Loss of schooling behavior in cavefish through sight-dependent and sight-independent mechanisms. Current Biology. 23 (19), 1874\u20131883 (2013).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2011.03.020","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evolutionary convergence on sleep loss in cavefish populations","volume":"21","author":"Dubou\u00e9","year":"2011","unstructured":"Dubou\u00e9, E.R.E.R., Keene, A.C.A.C., Borowsky, R.L.R.L. Evolutionary convergence on sleep loss in cavefish populations. Current Biology. 21 (8), 671\u2013676 (2011).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2018.05.009","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Convergence on reduced stress behavior in the Mexican blind cavefish","author":"Chin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chin, J.S. et al. Convergence on reduced stress behavior in the Mexican blind cavefish. Developmental Biology. (2018).","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/S0925-4773(98)00209-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Use of the Gal4-UAS technique for targeted gene expression in the zebrafish","volume":"80","author":"Scheer","year":"1999","unstructured":"Scheer, N., Campos-Ortega, J.A. Use of the Gal4-UAS technique for targeted gene expression in the zebrafish. Mechanisms of Development. 80 (2), 153\u2013158 (1999).","journal-title":"Mechanisms of Development"},{"issue":"21","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11403","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.21.11403","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Identification of a functional transposase of the Tol2 element, an Ac-like element from the Japanese medaka fish, and its transposition in the zebrafish germ lineage","volume":"97","author":"Kawakami","year":"2000","unstructured":"Kawakami, K., Shima, A., Kawakami, N. Identification of a functional transposase of the Tol2 element, an Ac-like element from the Japanese medaka fish, and its transposition in the zebrafish germ lineage. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 97 (21), 11403\u201311408 (2000).","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-5-62","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Enhancer trapping in zebrafish using the Sleeping Beauty transposon","author":"Balciunas","year":"2004","unstructured":"Balciunas, D. et al. Enhancer trapping in zebrafish using the Sleeping Beauty transposon. BMC Genomics. (2004).","journal-title":"BMC Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1101\/gr.161638.113","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Highly efficient CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated knock-in in zebrafish by homology-independent DNA repair","volume":"24","author":"Auer","year":"2014","unstructured":"Auer, T.O., Duroure, K., De Cian, A., Concordet, J.P., Del Bene, F. Highly efficient CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated knock-in in zebrafish by homology-independent DNA repair. Genome Research. 24 (1), 142\u2013153 (2014).","journal-title":"Genome Research"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep06545","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Efficient generation of knock-in transgenic zebrafish carrying reporter\/driver genes by CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated genome engineering","volume":"4","author":"Kimura","year":"2014","unstructured":"Kimura, Y., Hisano, Y., Kawahara, A., Higashijima, S.I. Efficient generation of knock-in transgenic zebrafish carrying reporter\/driver genes by CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated genome engineering. Scientific Reports. 4 (2014).","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2008.0555","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A Primer for Morpholino Use in Zebrafish","volume":"6","author":"Bill","year":"2009","unstructured":"Bill, B.R., Petzold, A.M., Clark, K.J., Schimmenti, L.A., Ekker, S.C. A Primer for Morpholino Use in Zebrafish. Zebrafish. 6 (1), 69\u201377 (2009).","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/79951","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effective targeted gene \u201cknockdown\u201d in zebrafish","author":"Nasevicius","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nasevicius, A., Ekker, S.C. Effective targeted gene \u201cknockdown\u201d in zebrafish. Nature Genetics. (2000).","journal-title":"Nature Genetics"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1934","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Targeted gene disruption in somatic zebrafish cells using engineered TALENs","author":"Sander","year":"2011","unstructured":"Sander, J.D. et al. Targeted gene disruption in somatic zebrafish cells using engineered TALENs. Nature Biotechnology. (2011).","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.1939","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Heritable gene targeting in zebrafish using customized TALENs","author":"Huang","year":"2011","unstructured":"Huang, P. et al. Heritable gene targeting in zebrafish using customized TALENs. Nature Biotechnology. (2011).","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.20516","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transposon tools and methods in zebrafish","volume":"234","author":"Kawakami","year":"2005","unstructured":"Kawakami, K. Transposon tools and methods in zebrafish. Developmental Dynamics. 234 (2), 244\u2013254 (2005).","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.106.060244","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Functional dissection of the Tol2 transposable element identified the minimal cis-sequence and a highly repetitive sequence in the subterminal region essential for transposition","volume":"174","author":"Urasaki","year":"2006","unstructured":"Urasaki, A., Morvan, G., Kawakami, K. Functional dissection of the Tol2 transposable element identified the minimal cis-sequence and a highly repetitive sequence in the subterminal region essential for transposition. Genetics. 174 (2), 639\u2013649 (2006).","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0077647","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tol2-Mediated Generation of a Transgenic Haplochromine Cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni","volume":"8","author":"Juntti","year":"2013","unstructured":"Juntti, S.A., Hu, C.K., Fernald, R.D. Tol2-Mediated Generation of a Transgenic Haplochromine Cichlid, Astatotilapia burtoni. PLoS ONE. 8 (10) (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2010","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.103","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Efficient genome engineering approaches for the short-lived African turquoise killifish","volume":"11","author":"Harel","year":"2016","unstructured":"Harel, I., Valenzano, D.R., Brunet, A. Efficient genome engineering approaches for the short-lived African turquoise killifish. Nature Protocols. 11 (10), 2010\u20132028 (2016).","journal-title":"Nature Protocols"},{"issue":"111","key":"ref29","first-page":"e54055","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks","author":"Erickson","year":"2016","unstructured":"Erickson, P.A., Ellis, N.A., Miller, C.T. Microinjection for Transgenesis and Genome Editing in Threespine Sticklebacks. Journal of Visualized Experiments. (111), e54055 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2014.1005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Astyanax transgenesis and husbandry: how cavefish enters the laboratory","volume":"11","author":"Elipot","year":"2014","unstructured":"Elipot, Y., Legendre, L., P\u00e8re, S., Sohm, F., R\u00e9taux, S. Astyanax transgenesis and husbandry: how cavefish enters the laboratory. Zebrafish. 11 (4), 291\u2013299 (2014).","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"ref31","type":"book","volume-title":"Biology and Evolution of the Mexican Cavefish","author":"Keene","year":"2015","unstructured":"Keene, A., Yoshizawa, M., McGaugh, S. Biology and Evolution of the Mexican Cavefish. Academic Press. New York, NY (2015)."},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adgen.2016.03.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evolutionary Genetics of the Cavefish Astyanax mexicanus","volume":"95","author":"Casane","year":"2016","unstructured":"Casane, D., R\u00e9taux, S. Evolutionary Genetics of the Cavefish Astyanax mexicanus. Advances in Genetics. 95, 117\u2013159 (2016).","journal-title":"Advances in Genetics"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5307","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms6307","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The cavefish genome reveals candidate genes for eye loss","volume":"5","author":"Mcgaugh","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mcgaugh, S. et al. The cavefish genome reveals candidate genes for eye loss. Nature Communications. 5, 5307 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12915-015-0119-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Distinct genetic architecture underlies the emergence of sleep loss and prey-seeking behavior in the Mexican cavefish","volume":"13","author":"Yoshizawa","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yoshizawa, M. et al. Distinct genetic architecture underlies the emergence of sleep loss and prey-seeking behavior in the Mexican cavefish. BMC Biology. 13 (1) (2015).","journal-title":"BMC Biology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0119370","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Genome editing using TALENs in blind Mexican cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus","volume":"10","author":"Ma","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ma, L., Jeffery, W.R., Essner, J.J., Kowalko, J.E. Genome editing using TALENs in blind Mexican cavefish, Astyanax mexicanus. PLoS ONE. 10 (3) (2015).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80823","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080823","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A potential benefit of albinism in Astyanax cavefish: downregulation of the oca2 gene increases tyrosine and catecholamine levels as an alternative to melanin synthesis","volume":"8","author":"Bilandzija","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bilandzija, H., Ma, L., Parkhurst, A., Jeffery, W. A potential benefit of albinism in Astyanax cavefish: downregulation of the oca2 gene increases tyrosine and catecholamine levels as an alternative to melanin synthesis. PLoS ONE. 8 (11), e80823 (2013).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32808","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32808","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Developmental evolution of the forebrain in cavefish: from natural variations in neuropeptides to behavior","volume":"7","author":"Alie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Alie, A. et al. Developmental evolution of the forebrain in cavefish: from natural variations in neuropeptides to behavior. eLife. 7, e32808 (2018).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e32637","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.32637","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hypocretin underlies the evolution of sleep loss in the Mexican cavefish","volume":"7","author":"Jaggard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jaggard, J.B. et al. Hypocretin underlies the evolution of sleep loss in the Mexican cavefish. eLife. 7, e32637 (2018).","journal-title":"eLife"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref39","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Handling Astyanax mexicanus eggs and fry","volume":"3","author":"Borowsky","year":"2008","unstructured":"Borowsky, R. Handling Astyanax mexicanus eggs and fry. Cold Spring Harbor Protocols. 3 (11) (2008).","journal-title":"Cold Spring Harbor Protocols"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.adgen.2015.09.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Understanding and Editing the Zebrafish Genome","volume":"92","author":"Varshney","year":"2015","unstructured":"Varshney, G.K., Sood, R., Burgess, S.M. Understanding and Editing the Zebrafish Genome. Advances in Genetics. 92, 1\u201352 (2015).","journal-title":"Advances in Genetics"},{"key":"ref41","type":"journal-article","article-title":"GeneWeld: a method for efficient targeted integration directed by short homology","author":"Wierson","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wierson, W.A. et al. GeneWeld: a method for efficient targeted integration directed by short homology. BioRxiv. (2018).","journal-title":"BioRxiv"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2018.03.014","type":"journal-article","article-title":"CRISPR mutagenesis confirms the role of oca2 in melanin pigmentation in Astyanax mexicanus","author":"Klaassen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Klaassen, H., Wang, Y., Adamski, K., Rohner, N., Kowalko, J.E. CRISPR mutagenesis confirms the role of oca2 in melanin pigmentation in Astyanax mexicanus. Developmental Biology. (2018).","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"issue":"34","key":"ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13904","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1308335110","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Efficient multiplex biallelic zebrafish genome editing using a CRISPR nuclease system","volume":"110","author":"Jao","year":"2013","unstructured":"Jao, L.-E., Wente, S.R., Chen, W. Efficient multiplex biallelic zebrafish genome editing using a CRISPR nuclease system. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 110 (34), 13904\u201313909 (2013).","journal-title":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3088","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.21343","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The Tol2kit: A multisite gateway-based construction Kit for Tol2 transposon transgenesis constructs","volume":"236","author":"Kwan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kwan, K.M. et al. The Tol2kit: A multisite gateway-based construction Kit for Tol2 transposon transgenesis constructs. Developmental Dynamics. 236 (11), 3088\u20133099 (2007).","journal-title":"Developmental Dynamics"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2004.06.005","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A transposon-mediated gene trap approach identifies developmentally regulated genes in zebrafish","volume":"7","author":"Kawakami","year":"2004","unstructured":"Kawakami, K. et al. A transposon-mediated gene trap approach identifies developmentally regulated genes in zebrafish. Developmental Cell. 7 (1), 133\u2013144 (2004).","journal-title":"Developmental Cell"},{"issue":"112","key":"ref46","first-page":"e54113","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Genome Editing in Astyanax mexicanus Using Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases (TALENs)","author":"Kowalko","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kowalko, J., Ma, L., Jeffery, W. Genome Editing in Astyanax mexicanus Using Transcription Activator-like Effector Nucleases (TALENs). Journal of Visualized Experiments. (112), e54113 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)05582-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hypocretin (orexin) deficiency in human narcolepsy","author":"Nishino","year":"2000","unstructured":"Nishino, S., Ripley, B., Overeem, S., Lammers, G.J., Mignot, E. Hypocretin (orexin) deficiency in human narcolepsy. Lancet. (2000).","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)81965-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2","author":"Lin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Lin, L. et al. The sleep disorder canine narcolepsy is caused by a mutation in the hypocretin (orexin) receptor 2 gene. Cell. (1999).","journal-title":"Cell"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2000.9898","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Analysis of upstream elements in the HuC promoter leads to the establishment of transgenic Zebrafish with fluorescent neurons","volume":"227","author":"Park","year":"2000","unstructured":"Park, H.C. et al. Analysis of upstream elements in the HuC promoter leads to the establishment of transgenic Zebrafish with fluorescent neurons. Developmental Biology. 227 (2), 279\u2013293 (2000).","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"},{"key":"ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00576.2003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Imaging Neuronal Activity During Zebrafish Behavior With a Genetically Encoded Calcium Indicator","author":"Higashijima","year":"2003","unstructured":"Higashijima, S. Masino, M.A., Mandel, G., Fetcho, J.R. Imaging Neuronal Activity During Zebrafish Behavior With a Genetically Encoded Calcium Indicator. Journal of Neurophysiology. (2003).","journal-title":"Journal of Neurophysiology"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.3040","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Light-sheet functional imaging in fictively behaving zebrafish","volume":"11","author":"Vladimirov","year":"2014","unstructured":"Vladimirov, N. et al. Light-sheet functional imaging in fictively behaving zebrafish. Nature Methods. 11 (9), 883\u2013884 (2014).","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"97","DOI":"10.1089\/zeb.2008.0530","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Gal4\/UAS transgenic tools and their application to zebrafish","volume":"5","author":"Halpern","year":"2008","unstructured":"Halpern, M.E. et al. Gal4\/UAS transgenic tools and their application to zebrafish. Zebrafish. 5 (2), 97\u2013110 (2008).","journal-title":"Zebrafish"},{"key":"ref53","first-page":"e32637","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Hypocretin underlies the evolution of sleep loss in the Mexican cavefish","volume":"7","author":"Jaggard","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jaggard, J.B., Stahl, B.A., Lloyd, E., Prober, D.A., Duboue, E.R., Keene, A.C. Hypocretin underlies the evolution of sleep loss in the Mexican cavefish. bioRxiv. 7, e32637 (2018).","journal-title":"bioRxiv"},{"key":"ref54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/bfgp\/elr021","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Lessons from morpholino-based screening in zebrafish","author":"Bedell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Bedell, V.M., Westcot, S.E., Ekker, S.C. Lessons from morpholino-based screening in zebrafish. Briefings in Functional Genomics. (2011).","journal-title":"Briefings in Functional Genomics"},{"key":"ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pgen.0030078","type":"journal-article","article-title":"p53 activation by knockdown technologies","author":"Robu","year":"2007","unstructured":"Robu, M.E. et al. p53 activation by knockdown technologies. PLoS Genetics. (2007).","journal-title":"PLoS Genetics"},{"key":"ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8841","DOI":"10.1038\/srep08841","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Precise in-frame integration of exogenous DNA mediated by CRISPR\/Cas9 system in zebrafish","volume":"5","author":"Hisano","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hisano, Y. et al. Precise in-frame integration of exogenous DNA mediated by CRISPR\/Cas9 system in zebrafish. Scientific reports. 5, 8841 (2015).","journal-title":"Scientific reports"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/gky674","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Optimized knock-in of point mutations in zebrafish using CRISPR\/Cas9","volume":"46","author":"Prykhozhij","year":"2018","unstructured":"Prykhozhij, S. et al. Optimized knock-in of point mutations in zebrafish using CRISPR\/Cas9. Nucleic Acids Res. 46 (17) (2018).","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.035469","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Effective CRISPR\/Cas9-based nucleotide editing in zebrafish to model human genetic cardiovascular disorders","volume":"11","author":"Tessadori","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tessadori, F. et al. Effective CRISPR\/Cas9-based nucleotide editing in zebrafish to model human genetic cardiovascular disorders. Disease Model Mechanisms. 11 (10) (2018).","journal-title":"Disease Model Mechanisms"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0150188","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Homology Directed Knockin of Point Mutations in the Zebrafish tardbp and fus Genes in ALS Using the CRISPR\/Cas9 System","volume":"11","author":"Armstrong","year":"2016","unstructured":"Armstrong, G., Liao, M., You, Z., Lissouba, A., Chen, B., Drapeau, P. Homology Directed Knockin of Point Mutations in the Zebrafish tardbp and fus Genes in ALS Using the CRISPR\/Cas9 System. PLoS ONE. 11 (3) (2016).","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2010.02.039","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Circuit Neuroscience in Zebrafish","volume":"20","author":"Friedrich","year":"2010","unstructured":"Friedrich, R.W., Jacobson, G.A., Zhu, P. Circuit Neuroscience in Zebrafish. Current Biology. 20 (8) (2010).","journal-title":"Current Biology"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fncir.2013.00071","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Analyzing the structure and function of neuronal circuits in zebrafish","volume":"7","author":"Friedrich","year":"2013","unstructured":"Friedrich, R.W., Genoud, C., Wanner, A.A. Analyzing the structure and function of neuronal circuits in zebrafish. Frontiers in Neural Circuits. 7 (2013).","journal-title":"Frontiers in Neural Circuits"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth1033","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Targeting neural circuitry in zebrafish using GAL4 enhancer trapping","volume":"4","author":"Scott","year":"2007","unstructured":"Scott, E.K. et al. Targeting neural circuitry in zebrafish using GAL4 enhancer trapping. Nature Methods. 4 (4), 323\u2013326 (2007).","journal-title":"Nature Methods"},{"key":"ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-169X.2008.01044.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Targeted gene expression by the Gal4-UAS system in zebrafish","author":"Asakawa","year":"2008","unstructured":"Asakawa, K., Kawakami, K. Targeted gene expression by the Gal4-UAS system in zebrafish. Development Growth and Differentiation. (2008).","journal-title":"Development Growth and Differentiation"},{"key":"ref64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2018.04.027","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Evolutionary shift towards lateral line dependent prey capture behavior in the blind Mexican cavefish","author":"Lloyd","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lloyd, E. et al. Evolutionary shift towards lateral line dependent prey capture behavior in the blind Mexican cavefish. Developmental Biology. (2018).","journal-title":"Developmental Biology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/59093\/manipulation-of-gene-function-in-mexican-cavefish","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T01:13:10Z","timestamp":1792631590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/59093"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"146","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/59093","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,22]]}}}