{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T06:52:21Z","timestamp":1792651941503,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"152","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/60274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]],"date-time":"2019-10-29T20:00:20Z","timestamp":1572379220000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Intrathecal Delivery of Antisense Oligonucleotides in the Rat Central Nervous System"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Yi","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Curt","family":"Mazur","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Luo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linhong","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingdi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"McCampbell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giulio Srubek","family":"Tomassy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1007\/s10571-004-1374-y","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dynamics of CNS barriers: evolution, differentiation, and modulation","volume":"25","author":"Abbott","year":"2005","unstructured":"Abbott, N. J. Dynamics of CNS barriers: evolution, differentiation, and modulation. Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology. 25 (1), 5-23 (2005).","journal-title":"Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1138017","DOI":"10.1080\/21688370.2015.1138017","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tight junction modulation of the blood brain barrier: CNS delivery of small molecules","volume":"4","author":"Greene","year":"2016","unstructured":"Greene, C., Campbell, M. Tight junction modulation of the blood brain barrier: CNS delivery of small molecules. Tissue Barriers. 4 (1), e1138017 (2016).","journal-title":"Tissue Barriers"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2017.05.008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Brain barriers in health and disease","volume":"107","author":"Daneman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Daneman, R., Engelhardt, B. Brain barriers in health and disease. Neurobiology of Disease. 107 1-3 (2017).","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2003.12.016","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The blood-brain barrier: an overview: structure, regulation, and clinical implications","volume":"16","author":"Ballabh","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ballabh, P., Braun, A., Nedergaard, M. The blood-brain barrier: an overview: structure, regulation, and clinical implications. Neurobiology of Disease. 16 (1), 1-13 (2004).","journal-title":"Neurobiology of Disease"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brainresrev.2010.05.003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Looking at the blood-brain barrier: molecular anatomy and possible investigation approaches","volume":"64","author":"Cardoso","year":"2010","unstructured":"Cardoso, F. L., Brites, D., Brito, M. A. Looking at the blood-brain barrier: molecular anatomy and possible investigation approaches. Brain Research Reviews. 64 (2), 328-363 (2010).","journal-title":"Brain Research Reviews"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1148","DOI":"10.2174\/1568026614666140329230311","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recent advances in delivery through the blood-brain barrier","volume":"14","author":"Larsen","year":"2014","unstructured":"Larsen, J. M., Martin, D. R., Byrne, M. E. Recent advances in delivery through the blood-brain barrier. Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry. 14 (9), 1148-1160 (2014).","journal-title":"Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/2045-8118-11-10","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A new look at cerebrospinal fluid circulation","volume":"11","author":"Brinker","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brinker, T., Stopa, E., Morrison, J., Klinge, P. A new look at cerebrospinal fluid circulation. Fluids Barriers CNS. 11, 10 (2014).","journal-title":"Fluids Barriers CNS"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"805","DOI":"10.1016\/0896-6273(94)90333-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Selective loss of delta opioid analgesia and binding by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to a delta opioid receptor","volume":"12","author":"Standifer","year":"1994","unstructured":"Standifer, K. M., Chien, C. C., Wahlestedt, C., Brown, G. P., Pasternak, G. W. Selective loss of delta opioid analgesia and binding by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to a delta opioid receptor. Neuron. 12 (4), 805-810 (1994).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"issue":"6426","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1038\/363260a0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to NMDA-R1 receptor channel protect cortical neurons from excitotoxicity and reduce focal ischaemic infarctions","volume":"363","author":"Wahlestedt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wahlestedt, C. et al. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to NMDA-R1 receptor channel protect cortical neurons from excitotoxicity and reduce focal ischaemic infarctions. Nature. 363 (6426), 260-263 (1993).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"5094","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8380941","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Modulation of anxiety and neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptors by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides","volume":"259","author":"Wahlestedt","year":"1993","unstructured":"Wahlestedt, C., Pich, E. M., Koob, G. F., Yee, F., Heilig, M. Modulation of anxiety and neuropeptide Y-Y1 receptors by antisense oligodeoxynucleotides. Science. 259 (5094), 528-531 (1993).","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2017.02.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Development of a simple, rapid, and robust intrathecal catheterization method in the rat","volume":"280","author":"Mazur","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mazur, C. et al. Development of a simple, rapid, and robust intrathecal catheterization method in the rat. Journal of Neuroscience Methods. 280, 36-46 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Neuroscience Methods"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref12","first-page":"e85311","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dynamic dual-isotope molecular imaging elucidates principles for optimizing intrathecal drug delivery","volume":"1","author":"Wolf","year":"2016","unstructured":"Wolf, D. A. et al. Dynamic dual-isotope molecular imaging elucidates principles for optimizing intrathecal drug delivery. Journal of Clinical Investigation Insight. 1 (2), e85311 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation Insight"},{"issue":"7650","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1038\/nature22038","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Therapeutic reduction of ataxin-2 extends lifespan and reduces pathology in TDP-43 mice","volume":"544","author":"Becker","year":"2017","unstructured":"Becker, L. A. et al. Therapeutic reduction of ataxin-2 extends lifespan and reduces pathology in TDP-43 mice. Nature. 544 (7650), 367-371 (2017).","journal-title":"Nature"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.1080\/15476286.2017.1358347","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The long noncoding RNA Malat1: Its physiological and pathophysiological functions","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","unstructured":"Zhang, X., Hamblin, M. H., Yin, K. J. The long noncoding RNA Malat1: Its physiological and pathophysiological functions. RNA Biology. 14 (12), 1705-1714 (2017).","journal-title":"RNA Biology"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"714","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2018.03.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"RNA-Targeted Therapeutics","volume":"27","author":"Crooke","year":"2018","unstructured":"Crooke, S. T., Witztum, J. L., Bennett, C. F., Baker, B. F. RNA-Targeted Therapeutics. Cell Metabolism. 27 (4), 714-739 (2018).","journal-title":"Cell Metabolism"},{"issue":"75","key":"ref16","first-page":"e50326","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Direct intraventricular delivery of drugs to the rodent central nervous system","author":"DeVos","year":"2013","unstructured":"DeVos, S. L., Miller, T. M. Direct intraventricular delivery of drugs to the rodent central nervous system. Journal of Visualized Experiments. (75), e50326 (2013).","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3558","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI99081","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Antisense oligonucleotides extend survival and reverse decrement in muscle response in ALS models","volume":"128","author":"McCampbell","year":"2018","unstructured":"McCampbell, A. et al. Antisense oligonucleotides extend survival and reverse decrement in muscle response in ALS models. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 128 (8), 3558-3567 (2018).","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Investigation"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1056","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2017.04.010","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Antisense Oligonucleotides: Translation from Mouse Models to Human Neurodegenerative Diseases","volume":"94","author":"Schoch","year":"2017","unstructured":"Schoch, K. M., Miller, T. M. Antisense Oligonucleotides: Translation from Mouse Models to Human Neurodegenerative Diseases. Neuron. 94 (6), 1056-1070 (2017).","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-7825-0_23","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Translating Antisense Technology into a Treatment for Huntington's Disease","volume":"1780","author":"Lane","year":"2018","unstructured":"Lane, R. M. et al. Translating Antisense Technology into a Treatment for Huntington's Disease. Methods in Molecular Biology. 1780, 497-523 (2018).","journal-title":"Methods in Molecular Biology"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756286418776932","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Antisense oligonucleotides in neurological disorders","volume":"11","author":"Wurster","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wurster, C. D., Ludolph, A. C. Antisense oligonucleotides in neurological disorders. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. 11, 1756286418776932 (2018).","journal-title":"Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"899","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073815627882","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Intrathecal Injections in Children With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Nusinersen Clinical Trial Experience","volume":"31","author":"Hach\u00e9","year":"2016","unstructured":"Hach\u00e9, M. et al. Intrathecal Injections in Children With Spinal Muscular Atrophy: Nusinersen Clinical Trial Experience. Journal of Child Neurology. 31 (7), 899-906 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Child Neurology"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-8651-4_4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Nusinersen in the Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy","volume":"1828","author":"Goodkey","year":"2018","unstructured":"Goodkey, K., Aslesh, T., Maruyama, R., Yokota, T. Nusinersen in the Treatment of Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Methods in Molecular Biology. 1828, 69-76 (2018).","journal-title":"Methods in Molecular Biology"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/1756285618754459","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Nusinersen for spinal muscular atrophy","volume":"11","author":"Wurster","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wurster, C. D., Ludolph, A. C. Nusinersen for spinal muscular atrophy. Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders. 11, 1756285618754459 (2018).","journal-title":"Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/60274\/intrathecal-delivery-antisense-oligonucleotides-rat-central-nervous","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T00:05:37Z","timestamp":1792627537000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/60274"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"152","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/60274","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,29]]}}}