{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:43:48Z","timestamp":1792604628027,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"201","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/65888","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,4]],"date-time":"2023-11-04T20:00:12Z","timestamp":1699128012000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cryopreservation of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells at the Optimal Stage"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Bai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyue","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianyu","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyan","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mei","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100846","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The cell biology of the retinal pigment epithelium","volume":"78","author":"Lakkaraju","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lakkaraju, A. et al. The cell biology of the retinal pigment epithelium. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 78, 100846 (2020).","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2012.01.019","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Progression of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in stargardt disease","volume":"154","author":"Mcbain","year":"2012","unstructured":"Mcbain, V. A., Townend, J., Lois, N. Progression of retinal pigment epithelial atrophy in stargardt disease. American Journal of Ophthamology. 154 (1), 146-154 (2012).","journal-title":"American Journal of Ophthamology"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100969","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2021.100969","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The retinal pigment epithelium: Development, injury responses, and regenerative potential in mammalian and non-mammalian systems","volume":"85","author":"George","year":"2021","unstructured":"George, S. M., Lu, F., Rao, M., Leach, L. L., Gross, J. M. The retinal pigment epithelium: Development, injury responses, and regenerative potential in mammalian and non-mammalian systems. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 85, 100969 (2021).","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1093\/stcltm\/szac001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Retinal cell transplantation, biomaterials, and in vitro models for developing next-generation therapies of age-related macular degeneration","volume":"11","author":"Rizzolo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Rizzolo, L. J., Nasonkin, I. O., Adelman, R. A. Retinal cell transplantation, biomaterials, and in vitro models for developing next-generation therapies of age-related macular degeneration. Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 11 (3), 269-281 (2022).","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2014.06.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Stem cells as source for retinal pigment epithelium transplantation","volume":"42","author":"Bertolotti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Bertolotti, E., Neri, A., Camparini, M., Macaluso, C., Marigo, V. Stem cells as source for retinal pigment epithelium transplantation. Progress in Retinal and Eye Research. 42, 130-144 (2014).","journal-title":"Progress in Retinal and Eye Research"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"328","DOI":"10.1038\/nbt.4114","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Phase 1 clinical study of an embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium patch in age-related macular degeneration","volume":"36","author":"Da Cruz","year":"2018","unstructured":"Da Cruz, L. et al. Phase 1 clinical study of an embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelium patch in age-related macular degeneration. Nature Biotechnology. 36 (4), 328-337 (2018).","journal-title":"Nature Biotechnology"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1765","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ophtha.2018.04.037","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells in macular degeneration","volume":"125","author":"Mehat","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mehat, M. S. et al. Transplantation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells in macular degeneration. Ophthalmology. 125 (11), 1765-1775 (2018).","journal-title":"Ophthalmology"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"384","DOI":"10.5966\/sctm.2012-0163","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rapid and efficient directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigmented epithelium","volume":"2","author":"Buchholz","year":"2013","unstructured":"Buchholz, D. E. et al. Rapid and efficient directed differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into retinal pigmented epithelium. Stem Cells Translational Medicine. 2 (5), 384-393 (2013).","journal-title":"Stem Cells Translational Medicine"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108305","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2020.108305","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Functional assessment of cryopreserved clinical grade hESC-RPE cells as a qualified cell source for stem cell therapy of retinal degenerative diseases","volume":"202","author":"Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, Q.-Y. et al. Functional assessment of cryopreserved clinical grade hESC-RPE cells as a qualified cell source for stem cell therapy of retinal degenerative diseases. Experimental Eye Research. 202, 108305 (2021).","journal-title":"Experimental Eye Research"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.3109\/14653249.2011.623691","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunosuppressive properties as a result of heat-shock response and impaired interferon-gamma licensing","volume":"14","author":"Francois","year":"2012","unstructured":"Francois, M. et al. Cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunosuppressive properties as a result of heat-shock response and impaired interferon-gamma licensing. Cytotherapy. 14 (2), 147-152 (2012).","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"issue":"9","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2430","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.1729","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Do cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties","volume":"32","author":"Moll","year":"2014","unstructured":"Moll, G. et al. Do cryopreserved mesenchymal stromal cells display impaired immunomodulatory and therapeutic properties? Stem Cells. 32 (9), 2430-2442 (2014).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967731","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.967731","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Incorporating cryopreservation evaluations into the design of cell-based drug delivery systems: an opinion paper","volume":"13","author":"Ekpo","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ekpo, M. D. et al. Incorporating cryopreservation evaluations into the design of cell-based drug delivery systems: an opinion paper. Frontiers in Immunology. 13, 967731 (2022).","journal-title":"Frontiers in Immunology"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2015.08.015","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Protective effects of osmolytes in cryopreserving adherent neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells","volume":"71","author":"Bailey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bailey, T. L. et al. Protective effects of osmolytes in cryopreserving adherent neuroblastoma (Neuro-2a) cells. Cryobiology. 71 (3), 472-480 (2015).","journal-title":"Cryobiology"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0218431","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0218431","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Feasibility of a cryopreservation of cultured human corneal endothelial cells","volume":"14","author":"Okumura","year":"2019","unstructured":"Okumura, N. et al. Feasibility of a cryopreservation of cultured human corneal endothelial cells. PLoS One. 14 (6), e0218431 (2019).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6286","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-85631-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Xeno-free cryopreservation of adherent retinal pigmented epithelium yields viable and functional cells in vitro and in vivo","volume":"11","author":"Pennington","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pennington, B. O. et al. Xeno-free cryopreservation of adherent retinal pigmented epithelium yields viable and functional cells in vitro and in vivo. Scientific Reports. 11 (1), 6286 (2021).","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcyt.2016.03.295","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Off the shelf cellular therapeutics: Factors to consider during cryopreservation and storage of human cells for clinical use","volume":"18","author":"Woods","year":"2016","unstructured":"Woods, E. J., Thirumala, S., Badhe-Buchanan, S. S., Clarke, D., Mathew, A. J. Off the shelf cellular therapeutics: Factors to consider during cryopreservation and storage of human cells for clinical use. Cytotherapy. 18 (6), 697-711 (2016).","journal-title":"Cytotherapy"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"454","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-03141-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Determining the optimal stage for cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells","volume":"13","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","unstructured":"Zhang, T. et al. Determining the optimal stage for cryopreservation of human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal pigment epithelial cells. Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 13 (1), 454 (2022).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1089\/jop.2016.0022","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium: a comparative study between cell lines and differentiation Methods","volume":"32","author":"Leach","year":"2016","unstructured":"Leach, L. L. et al. Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived retinal pigmented epithelium: a comparative study between cell lines and differentiation Methods. Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 32 (5), 317-330 (2016).","journal-title":"Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1002\/stem.2586","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Generation of storable retinal organoids and retinal pigmented epithelium from adherent human iPS cells in Xeno-free and feeder-free conditions","volume":"35","author":"Reichman","year":"2017","unstructured":"Reichman, S. et al. Generation of storable retinal organoids and retinal pigmented epithelium from adherent human iPS cells in Xeno-free and feeder-free conditions. Stem Cells. 35 (5), 1176-1188 (2017).","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1007\/s12017-014-8308-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In-depth characterisation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC)","volume":"16","author":"Brandl","year":"2014","unstructured":"Brandl, C. et al. In-depth characterisation of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). Neuromolecular Medicine. 16 (3), 551-564 (2014).","journal-title":"Neuromolecular Medicine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-017-0738-4","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Xeno- and feeder-free differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to two distinct ocular epithelial cell types using simple modifications of one method","volume":"8","author":"Hongisto","year":"2017","unstructured":"Hongisto, H., Ilmarinen, T., Vattulainen, M., Mikhailova, A., Skottman, H. Xeno- and feeder-free differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells to two distinct ocular epithelial cell types using simple modifications of one method. Stem Cell Research & Therapy. 8 (1), 291 (2017).","journal-title":"Stem Cell Research & Therapy"},{"issue":"128","key":"ref22","first-page":"10.3791\/56274","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Rapid, directed differentiation of retinal pigment epithelial cells from human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells","author":"Foltz","year":"2017","unstructured":"Foltz, L. P. Clegg, D. O. Rapid, directed differentiation of retinal pigment epithelial cells from human embryonic or induced pluripotent stem cells. Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE. (128), 10.3791\/56274 (2017).","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3254","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27103254","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Natural cryoprotective and cytoprotective agents in cryopreservation: a focus on melatonin","volume":"27","author":"Marcantonini","year":"2022","unstructured":"Marcantonini, G. et al. Natural cryoprotective and cytoprotective agents in cryopreservation: a focus on melatonin. Molecules. 27 (10), 3254 (2022).","journal-title":"Molecules"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/65888\/cryopreservation-human-embryonic-stem-cell-derived-retinal-pigment","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:34:45Z","timestamp":1792604085000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/65888"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"201","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/65888","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,3]]}}}