{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:44:34Z","timestamp":1792604674917,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"202","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/65948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,2]],"date-time":"2023-12-02T19:00:56Z","timestamp":1701543656000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Model for Experimental Exposure of Humans to Larval <em>Ixodes scapularis<\/em> Ticks"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Siu Ping","family":"Turk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleah","family":"Eschman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/32.6.853","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Determining the duration of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) attachment to tick-bite victims","volume":"32","author":"Yeh","year":"1995","unstructured":"Yeh, M. T. et al. Determining the duration of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) attachment to tick-bite victims. J Med Entomol. 32 (6), 853-858 (1995).","journal-title":"J Med Entomol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.25.3.557-558.1987","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Duration of tick attachment and Borrelia burgdorferi transmission","volume":"25","author":"Piesman","year":"1987","unstructured":"Piesman, J., Mather, T. N., Sinsky, R. J., Spielman, A. Duration of tick attachment and Borrelia burgdorferi transmission. J Clin Microbiol. 25 (3), 557-558 (1987).","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44593","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44593","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Ticks elicit variable fibrinogenolytic activities upon feeding on hosts with different immune backgrounds","volume":"7","author":"Vora","year":"2017","unstructured":"Vora, A. et al. Ticks elicit variable fibrinogenolytic activities upon feeding on hosts with different immune backgrounds. Sci Rep. 7, 44593 (2017).","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0000451","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Immunity against Ixodes scapularis salivary proteins expressed within 24 hours of attachment thwarts tick feeding and impairs Borrelia transmission","volume":"2","author":"Narasimhan","year":"2007","unstructured":"Narasimhan, S. et al. Immunity against Ixodes scapularis salivary proteins expressed within 24 hours of attachment thwarts tick feeding and impairs Borrelia transmission. PLoS One. 2 (5), e451 (2007).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.58.780","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi transmission in guinea pigs by tick immunity","volume":"58","author":"Nazario","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nazario, S. et al. Prevention of Borrelia burgdorferi transmission in guinea pigs by tick immunity. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 58 (6), 780-785 (1998).","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"603","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2008.0091","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Dermatologic changes induced by repeated Ixodes scapularis bites and implications for prevention of tick-borne infection","volume":"9","author":"Krause","year":"2009","unstructured":"Krause, P. J. et al. Dermatologic changes induced by repeated Ixodes scapularis bites and implications for prevention of tick-borne infection. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis. 9 (6), 603-610 (2009).","journal-title":"Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1784","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2017.01784","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Ticks, Ixodes scapularis, feed repeatedly on white-footed mice despite strong inflammatory response: an expanding paradigm for understanding tick-host interactions","volume":"8","author":"Anderson","year":"2017","unstructured":"Anderson, J. M. et al. Ticks, Ixodes scapularis, feed repeatedly on white-footed mice despite strong inflammatory response: an expanding paradigm for understanding tick-host interactions. Front Immunol. 8, 1784 (2017).","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6717e1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vital signs: trends in reported vectorborne disease cases - United States and Territories, 2004-2016","volume":"67","author":"Rosenberg","year":"2018","unstructured":"Rosenberg, R. et al. Vital signs: trends in reported vectorborne disease cases - United States and Territories, 2004-2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 67 (17), 496-501 (2018).","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp1807870","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tickborne diseases - confronting a growing threat","volume":"379","author":"Paules","year":"2018","unstructured":"Paules, C. I., Marston, H. D., Bloom, M. E., Fauci, A. S. Tickborne diseases - confronting a growing threat. N Engl J Med. 379 (8), 701-703 (2018).","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102161","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2023.102161","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Mechanistic movement models to predict geographic range expansions of ticks and tick-borne pathogens: Case studies with Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum in eastern North America","volume":"14","author":"Tardy","year":"2023","unstructured":"Tardy, O. et al. Mechanistic movement models to predict geographic range expansions of ticks and tick-borne pathogens: Case studies with Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum in eastern North America. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 14 (4), 102161 (2023).","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"370","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiac249","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Range expansion of native and invasive ticks: a looming public health threat","volume":"226","author":"Molaei","year":"2022","unstructured":"Molaei, G., Eisen, L. M., Price, K. J., Eisen, R. J. Range expansion of native and invasive ticks: a looming public health threat. J Infect Dis. 226 (3), 370-373 (2022).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2017","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2708.204763","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparison of Lyme disease in the United States and Europe","volume":"27","author":"Marques","year":"2021","unstructured":"Marques, A. R., Strle, F., Wormser, G. P. Comparison of Lyme disease in the United States and Europe. Emerg Infect Dis. 27 (8), 2017-2024 (2021).","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2702.202731","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Estimating the frequency of Lyme disease diagnoses, United States, 2010-2018","volume":"27","author":"Kugeler","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kugeler, K. J., Schwartz, A. M., Delorey, M. J., Mead, P. S., Hinckley, A. F. Estimating the frequency of Lyme disease diagnoses, United States, 2010-2018. Emerg Infect Dis. 27 (2), 616-619 (2021).","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2702.202728","type":"journal-article","article-title":"use of commercial claims data for evaluating trends in lyme disease diagnoses, United States, 2010-2018","volume":"27","author":"Schwartz","year":"2021","unstructured":"Schwartz, A. M., Kugeler, K. J., Nelson, C. A., Marx, G. E., Hinckley, A. F. use of commercial claims data for evaluating trends in lyme disease diagnoses, United States, 2010-2018. Emerg Infect Dis. 27 (2), 499-507 (2021).","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2806.211335","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Economic burden of reported Lyme disease in high-incidence areas, United States","volume":"28","author":"Hook","year":"2022","unstructured":"Hook, S. A. et al. Economic burden of reported Lyme disease in high-incidence areas, United States, 2014-2016. Emerg Infect Dis. 28 (6), 1170-1179 (2022).","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102025","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2022.102025","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Tick species infesting humans in the United States","volume":"13","author":"Eisen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eisen, L. Tick species infesting humans in the United States. Ticks Tick Borne Dis. 13 (6), 102025 (2022).","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"0189071","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0189071","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Variable manifestations, diverse seroreactivity and post-treatment persistence in non-human primates exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi by tick feeding","volume":"12","author":"Embers","year":"2017","unstructured":"Embers, M. E. et al. Variable manifestations, diverse seroreactivity and post-treatment persistence in non-human primates exposed to Borrelia burgdorferi by tick feeding. PLoS One. 12 (12), e0189071 (2017).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86907","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0086907","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Resurgence of persisting non-cultivable Borrelia burgdorferi following antibiotic treatment in mice","volume":"9","author":"Hodzic","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hodzic, E., Imai, D., Feng, S., Barthold, S. W. Resurgence of persisting non-cultivable Borrelia burgdorferi following antibiotic treatment in mice. PLoS One. 9 (1), e86907 (2014).","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"937","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit939","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Xenodiagnosis to detect Borrelia burgdorferi infection: a first-in-human study","volume":"58","author":"Marques","year":"2014","unstructured":"Marques, A. et al. Xenodiagnosis to detect Borrelia burgdorferi infection: a first-in-human study. Clin Infect Dis. 58 (7), 937-945 (2014).","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00442","DOI":"10.1128\/IAI.00442-19","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Generality of post-antimicrobial treatment persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi strains N40 and B31 in genetically susceptible and resistant mouse strains","volume":"87","author":"Hodzic","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hodzic, E., Imai, D. M., Escobar, E. Generality of post-antimicrobial treatment persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi strains N40 and B31 in genetically susceptible and resistant mouse strains. Infect Immun. 87 (10), e00442-19 (2019).","journal-title":"Infect Immun"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1086\/345284","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Detection of attenuated, noninfectious spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice after antibiotic treatment","volume":"186","author":"Bockenstedt","year":"2002","unstructured":"Bockenstedt, L. K., Mao, J., Hodzic, E., Barthold, S. W., Fish, D. Detection of attenuated, noninfectious spirochetes in Borrelia burgdorferi-infected mice after antibiotic treatment. J Infect Dis. 186 (10), 1430-1437 (2002).","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref22","type":"book","volume-title":"in Borrelia burgdorferi: Methods in Molecular Biology","author":"Turk","year":"2018","unstructured":"Turk, S., Williams, C., Marques, A. in Borrelia burgdorferi: Methods in Molecular Biology. eds Utpal Pal & Ozlem Buyuktanir) 337-346 Springer New York, (2018)."},{"issue":"5","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1728","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01050-07","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi following antibiotic treatment in mice","volume":"52","author":"Hodzic","year":"2008","unstructured":"Hodzic, E., Feng, S., Holden, K., Freet, K. J., Barthold, S. W. Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi following antibiotic treatment in mice. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 52 (5), 1728-1736 (2008).","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/65948\/a-model-for-experimental-exposure-humans-to-larval-ixodes-scapularis","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:29:08Z","timestamp":1792603748000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/65948"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"202","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/65948","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,1]]}}}