{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:40:42Z","timestamp":1792604442057,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"205","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/66378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]],"date-time":"2024-03-15T20:00:57Z","timestamp":1710532857000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Regenerative Peripheral Nerve Interface: Surgical Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial in Postamputation Pain"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Emily","family":"Pettersen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Sassu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca Alice","family":"Pedrini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannes","family":"Granberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Reinholdt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Breyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aidan","family":"Roche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Hart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adil","family":"Ladak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hollie A.","family":"Power","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Leung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ian","family":"Valerio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kyle R.","family":"Eberlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregory A.","family":"Dumanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theodore A.","family":"Kung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Cederna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Max","family":"Ortiz-Catalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"121","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Postamputation pain: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and treatment","volume":"6","author":"Hsu","year":"2013","unstructured":"Hsu, E., Cohen, S.P. Postamputation pain: Epidemiology, mechanisms, and treatment. J Pain Res. 6, 121-136 (2013).","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001413","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11 chronic postsurgical or posttraumatic pain","volume":"160","author":"Schug","year":"2019","unstructured":"Schug, S. A., Lavand, P., Barke, A., Korwisi, B., Rief, W. The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11 : chronic postsurgical or posttraumatic pain. Pain. 160 (1), 45-52 (2019).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref3","first-page":"79","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Phantom sensation, phantom pain, and stump pain","volume":"74","author":"Davis","year":"1993","unstructured":"Davis, R. W. Phantom sensation, phantom pain, and stump pain. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 74 (1), 79-91 (1993).","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2018.00748","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The stochastic entanglement and phantom motor execution hypotheses: A theoretical framework for the origin and treatment of Phantom limb pain","volume":"9","author":"Ortiz-Catalan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ortiz-Catalan, M. The stochastic entanglement and phantom motor execution hypotheses: A theoretical framework for the origin and treatment of Phantom limb pain. Front Neurol. 9, 748 (2018).","journal-title":"Front Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(02)00074-1","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Phantom-limb pain: Characteristics, causes, and treatment","volume":"1","author":"Flor","year":"2002","unstructured":"Flor, H. Phantom-limb pain: Characteristics, causes, and treatment. Lancet Neurol. 1 (3), 182-189 (2002).","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"ref6","type":"book","volume-title":"Traumatic Injury to Peripheral Nerves. Nerves and Nerve Injuries","author":"Rotshenker","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rotshenker, S. Traumatic Injury to Peripheral Nerves. Nerves and Nerve Injuries. Elsevier, Academic Press (2015)."},{"issue":"3","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.09.032","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Surgical management of neuroma pain: A prospective follow-up study","volume":"151","author":"Stokvis","year":"2010","unstructured":"Stokvis, A., Van Der Avoort, D. J. J. C., Van Neck, J. W., Hovius, S. E. R., Coert, J. H. Surgical management of neuroma pain: A prospective follow-up study. Pain. 151 (3), 862-869 (2010).","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhsa.2009.04.003","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Cutaneous neuroma physiology and its relationship to chronic pain","volume":"34","author":"Curtin","year":"2009","unstructured":"Curtin, C., Carroll, I. Cutaneous neuroma physiology and its relationship to chronic pain. J Hand Surg Am. 34 (7), 1334-1336 (2009).","journal-title":"J Hand Surg Am"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pathophys.2017.04.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and IL-10) in rat model of neuroma","volume":"24","author":"Khan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Khan, J., Noboru, N., Young, A., Thomas, D. Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IL-6 and IL-10) in rat model of neuroma. Pathophysiology. 24 (3), 155-159 (2017).","journal-title":"Pathophysiology"},{"key":"ref10","first-page":"803","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neuropathic pain and cytokines: current perspectives","volume":"6","author":"Clark","year":"2013","unstructured":"Clark, A. K., Old, E. A., Malcangio, M. Neuropathic pain and cytokines: current perspectives. J Pain Res. 6, 803 (2013).","journal-title":"J Pain Res"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.051508.135531","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neuropathic pain: A maladaptive response of the nervous system to damage","volume":"32","author":"Costigan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Costigan, M., Scholz, J., Woolf, C. J. Neuropathic pain: A maladaptive response of the nervous system to damage. Annu Rev Neurosci. 32, 1-32 (2009).","journal-title":"Annu Rev Neurosci"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1952","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001952","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Surgical algorithm for neuroma management: A changing treatment paradigm","volume":"6","author":"Eberlin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Eberlin, K.R., Ducic, I. Surgical algorithm for neuroma management: A changing treatment paradigm. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 6 (10), e1952 (2018).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyx500","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Current state of the surgical treatment of terminal neuromas","volume":"83","author":"Ives","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ives, G. C. et al. Current state of the surgical treatment of terminal neuromas. Neurosurgery. 83 (3), 354-364 (2018).","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198603000-00016","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Treatment of the painful neuroma by neuroma resection and muscle implantation","volume":"77","author":"Dellon","year":"1986","unstructured":"Dellon, A. L., Mackinnon, S.E. Treatment of the painful neuroma by neuroma resection and muscle implantation. Plast Reconstr Surg. 77, 427-438 (1986).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2019.12.008","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Neuroma","volume":"47","author":"Neumeister","year":"2020","unstructured":"Neumeister, M. W., Winters, J. N. Neuroma. Clin Plast Surg. 47 (2), 279-283 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1097\/SAP.0b013e3182583cf9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Outcomes of the surgical treatment of peripheral neuromas of the hand and forearm: A 25-year comparative outcome study","volume":"71","author":"Guse","year":"2013","unstructured":"Guse, D. M., Moran, S. L. Outcomes of the surgical treatment of peripheral neuromas of the hand and forearm: A 25-year comparative outcome study. Ann Plast Surg. 71 (6), 654-658 (2013).","journal-title":"Ann Plast Surg"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.20517\/2347-9264.2022.33","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Management of symptomatic neuromas: a narrative review of the most common surgical treatment modalities in amputees","volume":"9","author":"Eftekari","year":"2022","unstructured":"Eftekari, S. C., Nicksic, P. J., Seitz, A. J., Donnelly, D. T., Dingle, A. M., Poore, S. O. Management of symptomatic neuromas: a narrative review of the most common surgical treatment modalities in amputees. Plast and Aesthet Res. 9 (7), 43 (2022).","journal-title":"Plast and Aesthet Res"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5127","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000005127","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interface surgery: Anatomic and technical guide","volume":"11","author":"Dean","year":"2023","unstructured":"Dean, R. A., Tsai, C., Chiarappa, F. E., Cederna, P. S., Kung, T. A., Reid, C. M. Regenerative peripheral nerve interface surgery: Anatomic and technical guide. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 11 (7), e5127 (2023).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cps.2020.01.004","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for prevention and management of neuromas","volume":"47","author":"Santosa","year":"2020","unstructured":"Santosa, K. B., Oliver, J. D., Cederna, P. S., Kung, T. A. Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for prevention and management of neuromas. Clin Plast Surg. 47 (2), 311-321 (2020).","journal-title":"Clin Plast Surg"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"712","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198411000-00024","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A review of free muscle grafting","volume":"74","author":"Cedars","year":"1984","unstructured":"Cedars, M. G. M. D., Miller, T. A. M. D. A review of free muscle grafting. Plast Reconstr Surg. 74 (5), 712-720 (1984).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.27138","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interface free muscle graft mass and function","volume":"63","author":"Hu","year":"2021","unstructured":"Hu, Y. et al. Regenerative peripheral nerve interface free muscle graft mass and function. Muscle Nerve. 63 (3), 421-429 (2021).","journal-title":"Muscle Nerve"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"304","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-023-07286-0","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Surgical treatments for postamputation pain study protocol for an international , double - blind, randomised controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Pettersen","year":"2023","unstructured":"Pettersen, E. et al. Surgical treatments for postamputation pain : study protocol for an international , double - blind, randomised controlled trial. Trials. 24 (1), 304 (2023).","journal-title":"Trials"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1038","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000001038","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for the treatment of postamputation neuroma pain: A pilot study","volume":"4","author":"Woo","year":"2016","unstructured":"Woo, S. L., Kung, T. A., Brown, D. L., Leonard, J. A., Kelly, B. M., Cederna, P. S. Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for the treatment of postamputation neuroma pain: A pilot study. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 4 (12), e1038 (2016).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"421","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0000000000005922","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prophylactic regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces to prevent postamputation pain","volume":"144","author":"Kubiak","year":"2019","unstructured":"Kubiak, C. A., Kemp, S. W. P., Cederna, P. S., Kung, T. A. Prophylactic regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces to prevent postamputation pain. Plast Reconstr Surg. 144 (3), 421e-430e (2019).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2792","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000002792","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for the management of symptomatic hand and digital neuromas","volume":"8","author":"Hooper","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hooper, R. C. et al. Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for the management of symptomatic hand and digital neuromas. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 8 (6), e2792 (2020).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1097\/01.GOX.0000938368.20613.b6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interface surgery and its four-year pain and medication intake outcomes for treatment or prevention of postamputation pain","volume":"11","author":"Lee","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lee, J. C., Kumar, N. G., Kemp, S. W. P., Cederna, P. S., Kung, T. A. SP06. Regenerative peripheral nerve interface surgery and its four-year pain and medication intake outcomes for treatment or prevention of postamputation pain. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 11 (5 Suppl), 123-123 (2023).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04116-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Regenerative peripheral nerve interface reduces the incidence of neuroma in the lower limbs after amputation: a retrospective study based on ultrasound","volume":"18","author":"Lin","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lin, Z., Yu, P., Chen, Z., Li, G. Regenerative peripheral nerve interface reduces the incidence of neuroma in the lower limbs after amputation: a retrospective study based on ultrasound. J Orthop Surg Res. 18 (1), 619 (2023).","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1457","DOI":"10.1002\/pmrj.12972","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Targeted muscle reinnervation and regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for pain prophylaxis and treatment A systematic review","volume":"15","author":"Mauch","year":"2023","unstructured":"Mauch, J. T., Kao, D. S. Targeted muscle reinnervation and regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces for pain prophylaxis and treatment : A systematic review. PM R. 15 (11), 1457-1465 (2023).","journal-title":"PM R"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3132","DOI":"10.1097\/GOX.0000000000003132","type":"journal-article","article-title":"TMRpni: Combining two peripheral nerve management techniques","volume":"8","author":"Kurlander","year":"2020","unstructured":"Kurlander, D. E. et al. TMRpni: Combining two peripheral nerve management techniques. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 8 (10), e3132 (2020).","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open"},{"issue":"704","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3665","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.abq3665","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Improved control of a prosthetic limb by surgically creating electro-neuromuscular constructs with implanted electrodes","volume":"15","author":"Zbinden","year":"2023","unstructured":"Zbinden, J. et al. Improved control of a prosthetic limb by surgically creating electro-neuromuscular constructs with implanted electrodes. Sci Transl Med. 15 (704), eabq3665 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1002\/micr.30575","type":"journal-article","article-title":"In musculus, veritas? Nerve "in muscle" versus targeted muscle reinnervation versus regenerative peripheral nerve interface: Historical review","volume":"40","author":"Dellon","year":"2020","unstructured":"Dellon, A. L., Aszmann, O. C. In musculus, veritas? Nerve \"in muscle\" versus targeted muscle reinnervation versus regenerative peripheral nerve interface: Historical review. Microsurgery. 40 (4), 516-522 (2020).","journal-title":"Microsurgery"},{"issue":"533","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2857","DOI":"10.1126\/scitranslmed.aay2857","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A regenerative peripheral nerve interface allows real-time control of an artificial hand in upper limb amputees","volume":"12","author":"Vu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Vu, P. P. et al. A regenerative peripheral nerve interface allows real-time control of an artificial hand in upper limb amputees. Sci Transl Med. 12 (533), 2857 (2020).","journal-title":"Sci Transl Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"026039","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2552\/accb0c","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Long-term upper-extremity prosthetic control using regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces and implanted EMG electrodes","volume":"20","author":"Vu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Vu, P. P. et al. Long-term upper-extremity prosthetic control using regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces and implanted EMG electrodes. J Neural Eng. 20 (2), 026039 (2023).","journal-title":"J Neural Eng"},{"issue":"83","key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1126\/scirobotics.adf7360","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A higly integrated bionic hand with neural control and feedback for use in daily life","volume":"8","author":"Ortiz-Catalan","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ortiz-Catalan, M. et al. A higly integrated bionic hand with neural control and feedback for use in daily life. Sci Robot. 8 (83), eadf7360 (2023).","journal-title":"Sci Robot"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/66378\/regenerative-peripheral-nerve-interface-surgical-protocol-for","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T17:08:26Z","timestamp":1792602506000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/66378"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]},"references-count":34,"journal-issue":{"issue":"205","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/66378","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,15]]}}}