{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T15:43:13Z","timestamp":1792597393570,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"221","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/68550","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T18:02:29Z","timestamp":1753984949000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Prediction of Recurrence of Lumbar Disc Herniation at L5-S1 through Machine Learning Based on Endoscopic Discectomy <em>via<\/em> the Interlaminar Approach"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Jinyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanyan","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peng","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiming","family":"Cui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiajia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"reference":[{"issue":"8","key":"ref1","first-page":"E1191","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Transforaminal versus interlaminar approach of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy under local anesthesia for L5\/S1 disc herniation: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"25","author":"Chen","year":"2022","unstructured":"Chen, Z. et al. Transforaminal versus interlaminar approach of full-endoscopic lumbar discectomy under local anesthesia for L5\/S1 disc herniation: A randomized controlled trial. Pain Physician. 25 (8), E1191-E1198 (2022).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1511","DOI":"10.1007\/s00264-013-1925-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reoperation after lumbar disc surgery in two hundred and seven patients","volume":"37","author":"Cheng","year":"2013","unstructured":"Cheng, J. et al. Reoperation after lumbar disc surgery in two hundred and seven patients. Int Orthop. 37 (8), 1511-1517 (2013).","journal-title":"Int Orthop"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref3","first-page":"337","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Prevalence of recurrent herniation following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: A meta-analysis","volume":"21","author":"Yin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yin, S. et al. Prevalence of recurrent herniation following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: A meta-analysis. Pain Physician. 21 (4), 337-350 (2018).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref4","first-page":"49","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: Indications and complications","volume":"23","author":"Pan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Pan, M. et al. Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: Indications and complications. Pain Physician. 23 (1), 49-56 (2020).","journal-title":"Pain Physician"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.14245\/ns.2346226.113","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Complications and management of endoscopic spinal surgery","volume":"20","author":"Ju","year":"2023","unstructured":"Ju, C. I., Lee, S. M. Complications and management of endoscopic spinal surgery. Neurospine. 20 (1), 56-77 (2023).","journal-title":"Neurospine"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2451051706","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Lumbar degenerative disk disease","volume":"245","author":"Modic","year":"2007","unstructured":"Modic, M. T., Ross, J. S. Lumbar degenerative disk disease. Radiology. 245 (1), 43-61 (2007).","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.1007\/s003300000556","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Height of lumbar discs measured from radiographs compared with degeneration and height classified from MR images","volume":"11","author":"Frobin","year":"2001","unstructured":"Frobin, W., Brinckmann., Kramer, M., Hartwig, E. Height of lumbar discs measured from radiographs compared with degeneration and height classified from MR images. Eur Radiol. 11 (2), 263-269 (2001).","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1049779","DOI":"10.3389\/fsurg.2022.1049779","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Factors related to the postoperative recurrence of lumbar disc herniation treated by percutaneous transforaminal endoscopy: A meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, H., Deng, W., Wei, F., Zhang, L., Chen, F. Factors related to the postoperative recurrence of lumbar disc herniation treated by percutaneous transforaminal endoscopy: A meta-analysis. Front Surg. 9, 1049779 (2023).","journal-title":"Front Surg"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"176","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-020-01695-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recurrent disc herniation following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy preferentially occurs when Modic changes are present","volume":"15","author":"Hao","year":"2020","unstructured":"Hao, L. et al. Recurrent disc herniation following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy preferentially occurs when Modic changes are present. J Orthop Surg Res. 15 (1), 176 (2020).","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1230","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2013.06.069","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Reoperation rate after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis without spondylolisthesis: a nationwide cohort study","volume":"13","author":"Kim","year":"2013","unstructured":"Kim, C. H. et al. Reoperation rate after surgery for lumbar spinal stenosis without spondylolisthesis: a nationwide cohort study. Spine J. 13 (10), 1230-1237 (2013).","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2378","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000002378","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniatioN: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis","volume":"95","author":"Huang","year":"2016","unstructured":"Huang, W., Han, Z., Liu, J., Yu, L., Yu, X. Risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniatioN: A Systematic Review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 95 (2), e2378 (2016).","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"320","DOI":"10.3171\/2014.10.SPINE1442","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Risk factors for failure of single-level percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy","volume":"23","author":"Wang","year":"2015","unstructured":"Wang, H., Zhou, Y., Li, C., Liu, J., Xiang, L. Risk factors for failure of single-level percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Neurosurg Spine. 23 (3), 320-325 (2015).","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Spine"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2167","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-021-06866-5","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Artificial intelligence predicts disk re-herniation following lumbar microdiscectomy: development of the "RAD" risk profile","volume":"30","author":"Harada","year":"2021","unstructured":"Harada, G. K. et al. Artificial intelligence predicts disk re-herniation following lumbar microdiscectomy: development of the \"RAD\" risk profile. Eur Spine J. 30 (8), 2167-2175 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2355024","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2023.55024","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Machine learning models for predicting disability and pain following lumbar disc herniation surgery","volume":"7","author":"Berg","year":"2024","unstructured":"Berg, B. et al. Machine learning models for predicting disability and pain following lumbar disc herniation surgery. JAMA Netw Open. 7 (2), e2355024 (2024).","journal-title":"JAMA Netw Open"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref15","first-page":"TC04-9","type":"journal-article","article-title":"MRI evaluation of lumbar disc degenerative disease","volume":"9","author":"Suthar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Suthar, P., Patel, R., Mehta, C., Patel, N. MRI evaluation of lumbar disc degenerative disease. J Clin Diagn Res. 9 (4), TC04-9 (2015).","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-023-04090-z","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparative analysis of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for highly downward-migrated disc herniation","volume":"18","author":"Li","year":"2023","unstructured":"Li, R. et al. Comparative analysis of percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for highly downward-migrated disc herniation. J Orthop Surg Res. 18 (1), 602 (2023).","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2021.106498","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Medical expert and machine learning analysis of lumbar disc herniation based on magnetic resonance imaging","volume":"213","author":"Han","year":"2022","unstructured":"Han, M., Liu, L., Hu, M., Liu, G., Li, P. Medical expert and machine learning analysis of lumbar disc herniation based on magnetic resonance imaging. Comput Methods Programs Biomed. 213, 106498 (2022).","journal-title":"Comput Methods Programs Biomed"},{"issue":"6245","key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aaa8415","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Machine learning: Trends, perspectives, and prospects","volume":"349","author":"Jordan","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jordan, M. I., Mitchell, T. M. Machine learning: Trends, perspectives, and prospects. Science. 349 (6245), 255-260 (2015).","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9868.2011.01004.x","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Strong rules for discarding predictors in lasso-type problems","volume":"74","author":"Tibshirani","year":"2012","unstructured":"Tibshirani, R. et al. Strong rules for discarding predictors in lasso-type problems. J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol. 74 (2), 245-266 (2012).","journal-title":"J R Stat Soc Series B Stat Methodol"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19197","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-04530-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Enhancing pH prediction accuracy in Al2O3 gated ISFET using XGBoost regressor and stacking ensemble learning","volume":"15","author":"Panda","year":"2025","unstructured":"Panda, A., Datar, R., Deshpande, S., Bacher, G. Enhancing pH prediction accuracy in Al2O3 gated ISFET using XGBoost regressor and stacking ensemble learning. Sci Rep. 15 (1), 19197 (2025).","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"344","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carj.2019.06.002","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Sample-size determination methodologies for machine learning in medical imaging research: A systematic review","volume":"70","author":"Balki","year":"2019","unstructured":"Balki, I. et al. Sample-size determination methodologies for machine learning in medical imaging research: A systematic review. Can Assoc Radiol J. 70 (4), 344-353 (2019).","journal-title":"Can Assoc Radiol J"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1863","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics13111863","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Machine learning assisting the prediction of clinical outcomes following nucleoplasty for lumbar degenerative disc disease","volume":"13","author":"Chiu","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chiu, P. F. et al. Machine learning assisting the prediction of clinical outcomes following nucleoplasty for lumbar degenerative disc disease. Diagnostics (Basel). 13 (11), 1863 (2023).","journal-title":"Diagnostics (Basel)"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-021-02425-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Development and validation of a nomogram predicting the risk of recurrent lumbar disk herniation within 6 months after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy","volume":"16","author":"Jia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jia, M. et al. Development and validation of a nomogram predicting the risk of recurrent lumbar disk herniation within 6 months after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. J Orthop Surg Res. 16 (1), 274 (2021).","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2035","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2021.07.012","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Adjuvant surgical decision-making system for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: A retrospective nonlinear multiple logistic regression prediction model based on a large sample","volume":"21","author":"Li","year":"2021","unstructured":"Li, Y. et al. Adjuvant surgical decision-making system for lumbar intervertebral disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy: A retrospective nonlinear multiple logistic regression prediction model based on a large sample. Spine J. 21 (12), 2035-2048 (2021).","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1333","DOI":"10.1097\/BRS.0b013e3181f2a177","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The effects of age, sex, ethnicity, and spinal level on the rate of intervertebral disc degeneration: a review of 1712 intervertebral discs","volume":"36","author":"Siemionow","year":"2011","unstructured":"Siemionow, K., An, H., Masuda, K.,Andersson, G., Cs-Szabo, G. The effects of age, sex, ethnicity, and spinal level on the rate of intervertebral disc degeneration: a review of 1712 intervertebral discs. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 36 (17), 1333-1339 (2011).","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"1 Suppl","key":"ref26","first-page":"ONS59","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for intracanalicular disc herniations at L5-S1 using a rigid working channel endoscope","volume":"58","author":"Choi","year":"2006","unstructured":"Choi, G., Lee, S. H., Raiturker, P. P., Lee, S., Chae, Y. S. Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy for intracanalicular disc herniations at L5-S1 using a rigid working channel endoscope. Neurosurgery. 58 (1 Suppl), ONS59-ONS68 (2006).","journal-title":"Neurosurgery"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e919888","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.919888","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Risk factors for recurrent L5-S1 disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy: A Retrospective Study","volume":"26","author":"Yu","year":"2020","unstructured":"Yu, C. et al. Risk factors for recurrent L5-S1 disc herniation after percutaneous endoscopic transforaminal discectomy: A Retrospective Study. Med Sci Monit. 26, e919888 (2020).","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"886","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-020-06674-3","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Radiological risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy: A retrospective matched case-control study","volume":"30","author":"Shi","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shi, H., Zhu, L., Jiang, Z. L., Wu X. T. Radiological risk factors for recurrent lumbar disc herniation after percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic discectomy: A retrospective matched case-control study. Eur Spine J. 30 (4), 886-892 (2021).","journal-title":"Eur Spine J"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1177\/21925682221097650","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Machine learning predicts recurrent lumbar disc herniation following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy","volume":"14","author":"Ren","year":"2024","unstructured":"Ren, G. et al. Machine learning predicts recurrent lumbar disc herniation following percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy. Global Spine J. 14 (1), 146-152 (2024).","journal-title":"Global Spine J"},{"issue":"23","key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2585","DOI":"10.1097\/01.BRS.0000096673.16363.C7","type":"journal-article","article-title":"ISSLS prize winner: A novel approach to determine trunk muscle forces during flexion and extension: A comparison of data from an in vitro experiment and in vivo measurements","volume":"28","author":"Wilke","year":"2003","unstructured":"Wilke, H. J. et al. ISSLS prize winner: A novel approach to determine trunk muscle forces during flexion and extension: A comparison of data from an in vitro experiment and in vivo measurements. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 28 (23), 2585-2593 (2003).","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiomech.2005.12.001","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Application of a new calibration method for a three-dimensional finite element model of a human lumbar annulus fibrosus","volume":"21","author":"Schmidt","year":"2006","unstructured":"Schmidt, H. et al. Application of a new calibration method for a three-dimensional finite element model of a human lumbar annulus fibrosus. Clin Biomech (Bristol). 21 (4), 337-344 (2006).","journal-title":"Clin Biomech (Bristol)"},{"issue":"16","key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.N.01287","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Risk factors for reoperation in patients treated surgically for intervertebral disc herniation: A AR SPORT Data","volume":"97","author":"Leven","year":"2015","unstructured":"Leven, D. et al. Risk factors for reoperation in patients treated surgically for intervertebral disc herniation: A AR SPORT Data. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 97 (16), 1316-1325 (2015).","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1978","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-014-3596-8","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recurrent versus primary lumbar disc herniation surgery: Patient-reported outcomes in the Swedish Spine Register Swespine","volume":"473","author":"Fritzell","year":"2015","unstructured":"Fritzell, P., Knutsson, B., Sanden, B.,Str\u00f6mqvist, B, H\u00e4gg, O. et al. Recurrent versus primary lumbar disc herniation surgery: Patient-reported outcomes in the Swedish Spine Register Swespine. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 473 (6), 1978-1984 (2015).","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/68550\/the-prediction-recurrence-lumbar-disc-herniation-at-l5-s1-through","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T14:48:16Z","timestamp":1792594096000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/68550\/the-prediction-recurrence-lumbar-disc-herniation-at-l5-s1-through"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"221","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/68550","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,11]]}}}