{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T14:40:05Z","timestamp":1792593605150,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MyJove Corporation","issue":"227","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JoVE"],"DOI":"10.3791\/69370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,17]],"date-time":"2026-01-17T00:01:42Z","timestamp":1768608102000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Use of Equations for Estimating Vitamin A Total Body Stores using Stable Isotope Methods"],"prefix":"10.3791","author":[{"given":"Marjorie","family":"Haskell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"2098","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1","first-page":"S87","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Current capabilities and limitations of stable isotope techniques and applied mathematical equations in determining whole-body vitamin A status","volume":"37","author":"Lietz","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lietz, G. et al. Current capabilities and limitations of stable isotope techniques and applied mathematical equations in determining whole-body vitamin A status. Food and Nutr Bull. 37, S87-S103 (2016).","journal-title":"Food and Nutr"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658s","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.110.005777","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vitamin A: biomarkers of nutrition for development","volume":"94","author":"Tanumihardjo","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tanumihardjo, S. A. et al. Vitamin A: biomarkers of nutrition for development. Am J Clin Nutr. 94 (2), 658s-665s (2011).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1541","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.087379","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Biofortified orange maize is as efficacious as a vitamin A supplement in Zambian children even in the presence of high liver reserves of vitamin A: a community-based, randomized placebo-controlled trial","volume":"100","author":"Gannon","year":"2014","unstructured":"Gannon, B. et al. Biofortified orange maize is as efficacious as a vitamin A supplement in Zambian children even in the presence of high liver reserves of vitamin A: a community-based, randomized placebo-controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 100 (6), 1541-1550 (2014).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqaa418","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vitamin A-fortified rice increases total body vitamin A stores in lactating Thai women measured by retinol isotope dilution: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"113","author":"Pinkaew","year":"2021","unstructured":"Pinkaew, S., Udomkesmalee, E., Davis, C. R., Tanumihardjo, S. A. Vitamin A-fortified rice increases total body vitamin A stores in lactating Thai women measured by retinol isotope dilution: a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial. Am J Clin Nutr. 113 (5), 1372-1380 (2021).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/80.3.705","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Daily consumption of Indian spinach (Basella alba) or sweet potatoes has a positive effect on total-body vitamin A stores in Bangladeshi men","volume":"80","author":"Haskell","year":"2004","unstructured":"Haskell, M. J. et al. Daily consumption of Indian spinach (Basella alba) or sweet potatoes has a positive effect on total-body vitamin A stores in Bangladeshi men. Am J Clin Nutr. 80 (3), 705-714 (2004).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1896","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.112.164830","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Daily consumption of orange-fleshed sweet potato for 60 days increased plasma beta-carotene concentration but did not increase total body vitamin A pool size in Bangladeshi women","volume":"142","author":"Jamil","year":"2012","unstructured":"Jamil, K. M. et al. Daily consumption of orange-fleshed sweet potato for 60 days increased plasma beta-carotene concentration but did not increase total body vitamin A pool size in Bangladeshi women. J Nutr. 142 (10), 1896-1902 (2012).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/70.6.1069","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Green and yellow vegetables can maintain vitamin A body stores in Chinese children","volume":"70","author":"Tang","year":"1999","unstructured":"Tang, G. et al. Green and yellow vegetables can maintain vitamin A body stores in Chinese children. Am J Clin Nutr. 70, 1069-1076 (1999).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"428","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.110.133124","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The paired deuterated retinol dilution technique can be used to estimate the daily vitamin A intake required to maintain a targeted whole body vitamin A pool size in men","volume":"141","author":"Haskell","year":"2011","unstructured":"Haskell, M. J., Jamil, K. M., Peerson, J. M., Wahed, M. A., Brown, K. H. The paired deuterated retinol dilution technique can be used to estimate the daily vitamin A intake required to maintain a targeted whole body vitamin A pool size in men. J Nutr. 141 (3), 428-432 (2011).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1192","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.063867","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vitamin A isotope dilution predicts liver stores in line with long-term vitamin A intake above the current Recommended Dietary Allowance for young adult women","volume":"98","author":"Valentine","year":"2013","unstructured":"Valentine, A. R., Davis, C. R., Tanumihardjo, S. A. Vitamin A isotope dilution predicts liver stores in line with long-term vitamin A intake above the current Recommended Dietary Allowance for young adult women. Am J Clin Nutr. 98, 1192-1199 (2013).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"847","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.114.208132","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Comparisons among Equations Used for Retinol Isotope Dilution in the Assessment of Total Body Stores and Total Liver Reserves","volume":"145","author":"Gannon","year":"2015","unstructured":"Gannon, B. M., Tanumihardjo, S. A. Comparisons among Equations Used for Retinol Isotope Dilution in the Assessment of Total Body Stores and Total Liver Reserves. J Nutr. 145 (5), 847-854 (2015).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"8","key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nzac115","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzac115","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Filipino Children with High Usual Vitamin A Intakes and Exposure to Multiple Sources of Vitamin A Have Elevated Total Body Stores of Vitamin A But Do Not Show Clear Evidence of Vitamin A Toxicity","volume":"6","author":"Engle-Stone","year":"2022","unstructured":"Engle-Stone, R. et al. Filipino Children with High Usual Vitamin A Intakes and Exposure to Multiple Sources of Vitamin A Have Elevated Total Body Stores of Vitamin A But Do Not Show Clear Evidence of Vitamin A Toxicity. Curr Dev Nutr. 6 (8), nzac115 (2022).","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"989","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxz321","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Better Predictions of Vitamin A Total Body Stores by the Retinol Isotope Dilution Method Are Possible with Deeper Understanding of the Mathematics and by Applying Compartmental Modeling","volume":"150","author":"Green","year":"2020","unstructured":"Green, M. H., Green, J. B., Ford, J. L. Better Predictions of Vitamin A Total Body Stores by the Retinol Isotope Dilution Method Are Possible with Deeper Understanding of the Mathematics and by Applying Compartmental Modeling. J Nutr. 150 (5), 989-993 (2020).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1341","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxaa446","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Determination of Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Children from Dried Serum Spots: Application in a Low- and Middle-Income Country Community Setting","volume":"151","author":"Oxley","year":"2021","unstructured":"Oxley, A. et al. Determination of Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Children from Dried Serum Spots: Application in a Low- and Middle-Income Country Community Setting. J Nutr. 151 (5), 1341-1346 (2021).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/S0955-2863(98)00026-6","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Deuterium enrichment of retinol in humans determined by gas chromatography electron capture negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry","volume":"9","author":"Tang","year":"1998","unstructured":"Tang, G., Qin, J., Dolnikowski, G. G. Deuterium enrichment of retinol in humans determined by gas chromatography electron capture negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Nutr Biochem. 9, 408-14 (1998).","journal-title":"J Nutr Biochem"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2068","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxab061","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Use of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis and Theoretical Data to Further Explore Choice of Sampling Time for Assessing Vitamin A Status in Groups and Individual Human Subjects by the Retinol Isotope Dilution Method","volume":"151","author":"Green","year":"2021","unstructured":"Green, M. H., Green, J. B. Use of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis and Theoretical Data to Further Explore Choice of Sampling Time for Assessing Vitamin A Status in Groups and Individual Human Subjects by the Retinol Isotope Dilution Method. J Nutr. 151 (7), 2068-2074 (2021).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"nzy071","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzy071","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A Population-Based (Super-Child) Approach for Predicting Vitamin A Total Body Stores and Retinol Kinetics in Children Is Validated by the Application of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis to Theoretical Data","volume":"2","author":"Ford","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ford, J. L., Green, J. B., Green, M. H. A Population-Based (Super-Child) Approach for Predicting Vitamin A Total Body Stores and Retinol Kinetics in Children Is Validated by the Application of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis to Theoretical Data. Curr Dev Nutr. 2 (11), nzy071 (2018).","journal-title":"Curr Dev Nutr"},{"issue":"11","key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2844","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/130.11.2844","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vitamin A status assessment in rats with 13C4-retinyl acetate and gas chromatogrphy\/combustion\/isotope ratio mass spectrometry","volume":"130","author":"Tanumihardjo","year":"2000","unstructured":"Tanumihardjo, S. A. Vitamin A status assessment in rats with 13C4-retinyl acetate and gas chromatogrphy\/combustion\/isotope ratio mass spectrometry. J Nutr. 130 (11), 2844-2849 (2000).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"ref18","volume-title":"Dietary reference intakes: vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium and zinc","year":"2001","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine. Dietary reference intakes: vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium and zinc. National Academy Press. Washington, DC (2001).","type":"book"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/25.3.291","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Vitamin A concentration in human tissues collected from five areas in the United States","volume":"25","author":"Raica","year":"1972","unstructured":"Raica, N. Jr., Scott, B. S., Lowry, L., Sauberlich, H. E. Vitamin A concentration in human tissues collected from five areas in the United States. Am J Clin Nutr. 25, 291-296 (1972).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref20","volume-title":"Conditions for Scaling Back Universal Vitamin A Supplementation - Policy Brief","year":"2019","unstructured":"Global Alliance for Vitamin A, Nutrition International, Helen Keller International, UNICEF. Conditions for Scaling Back Universal Vitamin A Supplementation - Policy Brief. https:\/\/www.gava.org\/resources-tools\/ (2019).","type":"book"},{"key":"ref21","volume-title":"Indicators for assessing vitamin A deficiency and their application in monitoring and evaluating intervention programmes","year":"1992","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Indicators for assessing vitamin A deficiency and their application in monitoring and evaluating intervention programmes. https:\/\/www.who.int\/nutrition\/publications\/micronutrients\/vitamin_a_deficiency\/WHO_NUT_96.10\/en\/ (1992)."},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"704","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/45.4.704","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Recommended dietary intakes (RDI) of vitamin A in humans","volume":"45","author":"Olson","year":"1987","unstructured":"Olson, J. A. Recommended dietary intakes (RDI) of vitamin A in humans. Am J Clin Nutr. 45, 704-716 (1987).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1415","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-1345(03)00482-2","type":"journal-article","article-title":"A simple new formula to assess liver weight","volume":"35","author":"Yoshizumi","year":"2003","unstructured":"Yoshizumi, T. et al. A simple new formula to assess liver weight. Transplant Proc. 35 (4), 1415-1420 (2003).","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxz225","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Use of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis and a Super-Child Design to Study Whole-Body Retinol Kinetics and Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Children from 3 Lower-Income Countries","volume":"150","author":"Ford","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ford, J. L. et al. Use of Model-Based Compartmental Analysis and a Super-Child Design to Study Whole-Body Retinol Kinetics and Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Children from 3 Lower-Income Countries. J Nutr. 150 (2), 411-418 (2020).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2356","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.117.256974","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Use of a Super-child Approach to Assess the Vitamin A Equivalence of Moringa oleifera Leaves, Develop a Compartmental Model for Vitamin A Kinetics, and Estimate Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Young Mexican Children","volume":"147","author":"Lopez-Teros","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lopez-Teros, V. et al. Use of a Super-child Approach to Assess the Vitamin A Equivalence of Moringa oleifera Leaves, Develop a Compartmental Model for Vitamin A Kinetics, and Estimate Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Young Mexican Children. J Nutr. 147 (12), 2356-2363 (2017).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"6","key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxaa048","type":"journal-article","article-title":"The "Super-Child" Approach Is Applied To Estimate Retinol Kinetics and Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Mexican Preschoolers","volume":"150","author":"Lopez-Teros","year":"2020","unstructured":"Lopez-Teros, V. et al. The \"Super-Child\" Approach Is Applied To Estimate Retinol Kinetics and Vitamin A Total Body Stores in Mexican Preschoolers. J Nutr. 150 (6), 1644-1651 (2020).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"12","key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2993","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxac229","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Direct Use of Plasma or Milk Vitamin A Specific Activity Data to Model Retinol Kinetics and Predict Vitamin A Stores in Theoretical Lactating Women","volume":"152","author":"Green","year":"2022","unstructured":"Green, M. H., Lopez-Teros, V., Avila-Prado, J., Green, J. B. Direct Use of Plasma or Milk Vitamin A Specific Activity Data to Model Retinol Kinetics and Predict Vitamin A Stores in Theoretical Lactating Women. J Nutr. 152 (12), 2993-2999 (2022).","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy190","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Serum retinyl esters are positively correlated with analyzed total liver vitamin A reserves collected from US adults at time of death","volume":"108","author":"Olsen","year":"2018","unstructured":"Olsen, K. et al. Serum retinyl esters are positively correlated with analyzed total liver vitamin A reserves collected from US adults at time of death. Am J Clin Nutr. 108 (5), 997-1005 (2018).","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"issue":"7","key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxz056","type":"journal-article","article-title":"Inclusion of Vitamin A Intake Data Provides Improved Compartmental Model-Derived Estimates of Vitamin A Total Body Stores and Disposal Rate in Older Adults","volume":"149","author":"Green","year":"2019","unstructured":"Green, M. H., Ford, J. L., Green, J. B. Inclusion of Vitamin A Intake Data Provides Improved Compartmental Model-Derived Estimates of Vitamin A Total Body Stores and Disposal Rate in Older Adults. J Nutr. 149 (7), 1282-1287 (2019).","journal-title":"J Nutr"}],"container-title":["Journal of Visualized Experiments"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/app.jove.com\/t\/69370\/use-equations-for-estimating-vitamin-total-body-stores-using-stable","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T13:52:19Z","timestamp":1792590739000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.jove.com\/t\/69370\/use-equations-for-estimating-vitamin-total-body-stores-using-stable"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]},"references-count":29,"journal-issue":{"issue":"227","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3791\/69370","relation":{},"ISSN":["1940-087X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1940-087X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]]}}}